1、Unit 3 Science versus nature Module5重 点 单 词6、辨析 habit，practice，custom(1)habit指个人的“习惯”，通常用于表示做事、思考问题或行为举止的不自觉的方式方法。He is in the habit of rising early.他有早起的习惯。(2)practice 既可表示个人的也可表示社会的“习惯”，这种“习惯”从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法。重 点 单 词 practiceU指练习，操练；实施C惯例，举例 It is my usual practice to pay on the nail whe
2、n going shopping.购物时我习惯于当场付钱。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。重 点 单 词(3)custom具有habit和practice的一切表示个人习 惯的含义，此外，custom 还包含这样一层意思：长期而广泛采用的行为或方法，即风俗习惯，按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范，它不仅有指导意义，而且具有必须遵循的意义。重 点 单 词Social customs vary greatly from country to country.国与国之间的社会习俗有很大差异。Changing social conditions,however,are
3、bringing changes in custom and law.不过，社会的变化正在带来习俗和法律的变化。重 点 单 词That proved to be my undoing,for I soon got back tomy old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.On the other hand,your stomach would turn at the ideaof frying potatoes in animal fat the normally acceptedpractice in many northern
4、 countries.From the moment of his birth the customs into whichhe is born shape his experience and behaviour.重 点 单 词7、limit vt.限制be limited to(doing)局限于(做)The noise of your radio must be limited to a levelthat we all can bear.你收音机的音量必须控制在我们大家都能忍受的范围内。The teacher limited our club to activities inside
5、theschoolyard,which we all disagreed.老师把我们俱乐部的活动限于在校园内，这一点我们都不同意。重 点 单 词limit n.限制，局限within limit(s)适当地，在范围内without limit 无限度地set a limit to 为设定一个界限There is a limit to 有限度拓展重 点 单 词I will be willing to help,but within_limit.我乐意适当地帮你。Shall we set_a_limit_to the times you can be latefor a term?我们给你一个学期
6、能迟到次数订一个限度，好吗？IwillhelpasmuchasIcando,butthere_is_a_limit_to what I can do.我会尽力帮忙，但我能做的有限度。重 点 单 词 Considering the time limit,we shall limit ourmeeting _ three problems.A.to discussB.to discussingC.discussingD.discussedB limit sth.to(doing)局限于(做)解析重 点 短 语1、in general/generally speaking 一般来说，从整体上讲Its
7、 true that he sometimes doesnt obey the rules,but in_general,_he is a promising boy.他确实有时不守规矩，但从整体上来说，他是个很有前程的孩子。In_general,_the more expensive something is,thebetter the quality is.一般来讲，某件东西越贵，它的质量就越好。重 点 短 语英语中in+(抽象)名词，常相当于该名词的副词意义的短语还有：in silence 安静地；in comfort 舒服地；in particular 尤其；in public 公开地
8、；in earnest 认真地。拓展重 点 短 语2、praise sb.for 因而赞扬某人The Secretary of the United Nations praisedChina for its quick reaction in case of emergency.联合国秘书长表扬了中国在紧急情况下的快速反应。Newmanwaspraisedforhisexcellentperformance in the game.由于在比赛中表现出色，Newman 受到了表扬。重 点 短 语【注意】in praise of 赞扬，表扬They organized a class meetin
9、g in_praise_ofhis heroic deeds.他们组织了一次班会以表扬他的英勇事迹。重 点 短 语(1)英语中for可以与许多词连用，表示原因，“因而”，如：thankfor,excusefor,forgivefor,apologize to sb.for,criticizefor,scoldfor(2)英语中in+n.+of结构的短语还有in honorof,in favor of,in need of,in want of,in celebrationof等。拓展重 点 短 语A school named“Qianqiu Middle School”has beenset
10、up _ the teacher,Tan Qianqiu,who lost his lifein saving the students in the earthquake.A.in honor ofB.in case ofC.in need ofD.in favor ofA 根据句子的意思可知，“千秋中学”是“为了纪念”在地震中为了保护学生而牺牲的谭千秋老师而建立的。解析重 点 短 语3、be in agreement with与符合，和一致，同意 On this point,I am in complete/entire agreement with you.在这一点上我完全同意你的意见。
11、Finally my parents nodded in agreement.最后我父母点头同意了。The main verb has to be in agreement with the subject in person and number.谓语动词要在人称和数方面和主语保持一致。重 点 短 语(1)与agreement连用的词还有reach/come to/arrive at an agreement on 就达成协议；keep/break the agreement 遵守约定/毁约。(2)动词agree的用法如下：agree that 认为，同意agree to do 同意做拓展重
12、 点 短 语agree with sb.s words/sth.同意(某人的话)/相符，一致agree to a plan/a proposal/the arrangement,etc.同意计划/建议/安排agree on the time/date/place/price,etc.在方面达成一致拓展重 点 短 语We agree that the article is worth reading.我们认为这篇文章值得一读。The boss agreed_to raise the workers pay by 5%.老板同意给工人涨5%的工资。Generally I agree_with yo
13、u,but not everything.大体上我同意你说的，但并不是每一点都同意。重 点 短 语The boss agreed_to_the_terms under the pressureof the workers.在工人的压力下，老板同意了这些条款。This is the point on which I dont agree.我不同意这一点。(3)disagree/disagreement为agree/agreement的反义词，意为“不同意”。重 点 短 语 I dont think they will agree _ you _ thispoint.A.with；toB.to；o
14、nC.with；onD.on；withC 根据句子的意思可知，第一空“同意某人(的观点)等”；第二空“在某一点上达成一致”。解析重 点 短 语4、turn out结果是，证明是，原来是；制造，生产【注意】该词属于系动词系列，一般没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。It turned out that he had never been there.原来他根本就没去过那里。The committee found that all the accusationsturned_out_(to_be)_false.委员会发现所有的指控竟然都是假的。重 点 短 语(1)turn的词性、词义及构成能力都十分强
15、，请注意以下词组句型中turn 的词性词义：turn red/grey/green/angry/brave,etc.turn to sb.for help,turn on/off/up/down,turn over,turn inside out,take turns to do/do in turn/doby turns/it is ones turn to do等。(2)常见的行为动词有系动词用法的还有：prove,remain,appear,seem,look,sound,taste,smell,feel,grow,stand,lie,sit等。拓展重 点 短 语He _ to come
16、 but he _ yet.I wonder what hashappened to him.A.had promised;hasnt turned upB.promised;hasnt turned inC.promised;hasnt turned upD.had promised;didnt turn upC 第一空说明“曾经答应过”，用过去时；第二空表示“到目前为止还未出现”用现在完成时，turn up在这里表示“露面、到来”。解析重 点 短 语Theproblemsdiscussedatthemeeting_unsolved.A.were remainedB.have remaine
17、dC.are remainingD.remainD 根据句子的意思可知，“会上讨论的问题仍然未得到解决”，其中remain为系动词，表示“仍然是，还是”。解析重 点 短 语5、on the/ones way to(doing)在路上，即将Look at Ronnie.Hes on the way to getting hisboss mad again.你瞧瞧Ronnie，他又要惹老板生气了。We are warned that a hurricane is on_the_way.我们得到警报，一场飓风正刮过来。重 点 短 语in a way在某种程度上by the way顺便说一说，提一提i
18、n no way决不by way of经由，取道in this/that way 以这/那种方式in the way碍事，挡道拓展重 点 短 语He claimed that _ would he give up the chance to compete with the top opponents.A.on the way B.in a wayC.in no way D.in this wayC 根据空格后的倒装可以看出这时需要用否定词，in no way表示“决不”。解析疑 难 句 型1、on the one hand，on the other hand一方面，另一方面。常用来陈述相反的
19、两种意见或情况。On the one hand,some people believe in theexistence of the monster.On the other hand,thereis still no proof.一方面，一些人相信有怪物存在，另一方面，又没有证据。疑 难 句 型英语中用来表示意见不同或相对时，常用：however,on the contrary,while,as a contrast,whereas等。拓展疑 难 句 型I would like a job which pays more,but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at
20、the moment.A.for another thing B.in other wordsC.however D.on the other handD 这里是两种相对立的情况。A项用于for onething,for another(thing)“其一，其二”，表示递进关系；B项的意思是“换句话说”；而C项不与but连用。解析疑 难 句 型一方面我想和他一起去看电影，而另一方面我又不得不待在家里照看妹妹。（汉译英）On the one hand,I would like to go to the cinemawith him,but on the other hand,I have to
21、stay athome to look after my sister.疑 难 句 型2、We could produce a monster,or even asuperhuman race that could one day end upreplacing us.我们可能会制造出一个怪物，甚至是一个最终有一天会取代我们人类的超人类物种。end up 以告终，后可接现在分词。疑 难 句 型You can end up running the company if you playyour cards right.如果你处理得当，到头来你能当上公司老总。10%of the forest an
22、imals will end_up_shot byhumans.百分之十的森林动物最终会被人类枪杀。If you waste your money like this,you will end indebt.如果你总是这么挥霍，你会背上一身债的。He ended_up_as_a_postman.他最终做了个邮递员。疑 难 句 型The expedition to the Indian Ocean,hoping to find some new lands,_ in disaster.A.was ended B.was ended upC.ended up D.endedC 这里表示“以告终”，
23、且end up 一般不用于被动语态。解析疑 难 句 型3、To conclude,I urge you to seek the opinions ofthe people of the UK on this matter so we can endthis immoral practice immediately.总之，我强烈建议你们去了解一下英国公众对这件事的看法，这样我们能立刻结束这种不道德的做法。(1)conclude vi.&vt.总结，下结论，结束The doctors concluded that this was a new disease.医生们得出结论，这是一种新病例。疑 难
24、 句 型(1)conclusion n.结论come to/arrive to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论(2)用来对前文进行总结的词除了to conclude外还有to sum up,to summarize,in a word,in oneword,in summary,in conclusion,all in all,in brief等。拓展疑 难 句 型After a long discussion,they at last _ aconclusion that the experiment should be continued.A.madeB.form
25、edC.discoveredD.drewD draw a conclusion 得出结论。解析疑 难 句 型(2)urge sb.to do 督促某人做，力劝某人做Her father urged her to study physics.她爸爸强烈地建议她学物理。He urged me to work on,but I refused because Iwas too tired.他劝我继续工作，但我拒绝了，因为我太累了。My best friend urged that I(should)_apply_for thejob.我最好的朋友建议我申请这份工作。疑 难 句 型urge sb.to
26、 do/into doing督促某人做urge sb.not to do/out of doing力劝某人不做类似的词还有：persuade sb.to do/into doingpersuade sb.not to do/out of doingreason sb.to do/into doingreason sb.not to do/out of doingurge n.强烈的欲望，迫切的要求urgent adj.紧急的，催促的拓展疑 难 句 型4、Not everything that is best for nature is goodfor people.并非所有对自然有益的东西都对
27、人类有益.not every/everynot也是部分否定句型，表示“并非每个都”。Not every film directed by Zhang Yimou is interesting.Every film directed by Zhang Yimou is not interesting.并非张艺谋导演的每一部电影都有趣。此外，not all/allnot 并非所有的都，构成部分否定句式。疑 难 句 型Not all the students will go to the movies tonight./All the students will not go to the movi
28、es tonight.并非所有的学生今晚都去看电影。同时，not both/bothnot也是部分否定句型，表示“并非两者都”。Not both of your answers are right./Both of youranswers are not right.并非你的两个答案都正确。疑 难 句 型如果要表示全部否定，则常用以下句型：none of，no one/nobody/nothing，或neither拓展疑 难 句 型并非每个女孩都爱漂亮的衣服。Not all the girls like beautiful clothes.我们没有足够的书给每一个人，有些人将共用。We havent enough books for everybody;some ofthem will have to share.