1、课时天天练(二十四)选择性必修第二册Unit3FoodandCulture.阅读理解2021临沂模拟TheIndiangovernmentmayuse3Dpaintingsasvirtualspeedbreakersonmajorhighwaysandroads, inanattempttocheckspeedingandcarelessdriving，andeventuallymakeitsdeadlyroadsalittlesafer.“Wearetryingout3Dpaintingsusedasvirtualspeedbreakerstoavoidunnecessaryrequirem
2、entsofspeedbreakers，”IndiastransportministerNitinGadkaritweeted.Thevisualillusions (幻象) aresupposedtoencouragedriverstoslowdownautomatically.Earlierthismonth, Indiahadorderedtheremovalofallspeedbreakersfromhighways, whichareconsideredtobeadangertosafetyforhighspeedvehicles.Indiahasthehighestnumberof
3、roadaccidentdeathsintheworld.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation, over200,000peoplearekilledbyroadaccidentsduetopoorapplicationofroadsafetylaws.Thisisconsiderablyhigherthanitsofficialfiguresof141,526for2014.TheuseofvisualillusionsasspeedbreakerswasfirstpioneeredintheAmericancityofPhiladelphiain200
4、8, aspartofacampaignagainstspeedingmotorists.ThetechniquehasalsobeentriedoutinChinatocreatefloating3Dcrossings.InIndia, citiessuchasAhmedabadandChennaihavealreadyexperimentedwith3Dzebracrossingsinthelastoneyear.InAhmedabadforinstance, twoartists, motheranddaughterhavepainted3Dcrosswalksinthefirstfew
5、monthsofthisyear.Theartistssaytheirmottois“toincreasetheattentionofdrivers”，andthattheconcepthasbeensuccessfullytestedinzoneswhereaccidentseasilyoccuronahighway.However, criticsarguethatoncedriversknowthatthesespeedbreakersarevisualillusions, theymayignorethem.OthersalsopointoutthatIndiasdecisiondoe
6、snotconsiderthesafetyofalargenumberofwalkers.Intheend, thenewpolicymaybejustonesteptowardsimprovingroadsafety.1Accordingtothepassage, 3DpaintingsasvirtualspeedbreakersinIndiaaimsto_.Areplaceallspeedbreakersfromhighways.Bencourageessentialrequirementsofspeedbreakers.Ccheckspeedingandcarelessdrivingon
7、allhighways.Dreminddriverstospeeddownvoluntarilyforroadsafety.2WhatcausedthehighnumberofroadaccidentdeathsinIndia?ASpeedingmotorists.BFloating3Dcrossings.CFreeuseofvisualillusions.DBadapplicationoftrafficlaws.3Theauthorexplainstheexperimentof3DzebracrossingsinIndiaby_.Agivingexamples.Banalysingcause
8、s.Cprovidingfigures.Dmakingcomparisons.4Whatstheauthorsattitudetowards3Dzebracrossings?AsubjectiveBobjectiveCsupportiveDcritical.完形填空2021潍坊模拟AskpeopletonametheworldstallestpeakandanybodywithsoundgeneralknowledgewillnameMountQomolangma.Butquizthemonitsexact_1_andmanywillbenotsure.In1975, Chinesesurve
9、yors_2_thatMountQomolangma (MountEverest) was8848.13metershigh.As_3_improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radarsandgravitymeasurementtechnologieswere_4_togetmoreexactfigures.Ofcourse, someonestillhadtocarry_5_towhatistheworldsrooftop.In2005, aChineseteamscaledQomolangmaandfoundthatitwasnotashighas
10、that, asthey_6_theheighttobe8844.43meters.ScalingQomolangmaisno_7_task.Theaverageairtemperaturethereis29degreesCelsius, evenfourdegrees_8_thaninAntarctica.Thesnowthereis45metersthickandhurricanelike_9_blowallthetime.Teammembersweretrainingto_10_theextremeconditions.Inanutshell, measuringtheQomolangm
11、asheightisatallorder, _11_hugeamountsofmoneyandhumanresources.Butitisworththe_12_.Qomolangmaistheperfect_13_forobservingcrustal (地壳的)movements.Andchangestothepeaksheightcould_14_whetherthetwoplatesareheadingtowardorawayfromeachother.Besides, theconditionofsnowandothernaturalmaterialsatthetopisanindi
12、catorofupcomingclimatechangeontheTibetQinghaiPlateau.Thats_15_measuringtheQomolangmasheightissosignificant.Puttogooduse, itcanbenefitmankind.1A.locationBappearanceCareaDheight2A.determinedBassumedCestimatedDadmitted3A.conditionBtechnologyCsocietyDeconomy4A.employedBexpectedCapproachedDinspired5A.wea
13、ponsBvehiclesCinstrumentsDpackages6A.changedBcalculatedCextendedDexpanded7A.gloriousBeasyCadmirableDtough8A.colderBhotterChigherDlower9A.snowsBrainsCwindsDsnowflakes10A.copewithBfightforCtakeonDcarryout11A.wastingBspendingCovercomingDinvolving12A.effortBlossCharvestDachievement13A.channelBwindowCsol
14、utionDentrance14A.measureBforeseeCindicateDexpose15A.whereBhowCwhyDwhether.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。2021济南模拟Rishalovedschool.However, therewasoneclassRishaworriedaboutmorethananyotherart.Shedidntknowwhyshejustwasntanygoodatdrawing, painting, orcutting.Ms._Clay,_theartteacher, stoodatthefron
15、toftheroom.“Class, nextFridayourschoolisgoingtohaveanartcompetition，”sheannounced.Ms.Claywasagreatteacher, andRishalikedheralot.ButthisannouncementmadeRishanervous.“Everyoneintheschoolwillcreateapieceofartworktoshowinthelibrary.Youcanusethedifferenttypesofartworkwehavebeenstudying.”Ms.Claywasquiteex
16、citedwhenshespokewhileRishafoundherselfsinkinglowerinherchair.Rishahadthewholeweekendtoworkonherproject,_butshecouldnotthinkofanythingtodo.OnMonday, Rishafeltfrightened, soafterschoolRishaaskedMs.Clayifshecouldwriteanartpaperinsteadofdoinganartproject.“Iunderstandthisprojectscaredyou, Risha，”Ms.Clay
17、said.“Justremember, youcancreate_anykindofartyouwant.”Ms.Claysmiledather.“Artisapersonswayofexpressinghisorherfeelingsitisntalwayspainting, drawing, orcutting.Iknowyouwillthinkofsomethingverycreative,_andIcantwaittoseeit.”WhenRishaarrivedhome, shetookoutapieceofpaperandapencil.SherememberedMs.Claysw
18、ords.“Artisapersonswayofexpressinghisorherfeelings.”Rishawrotetheword“terrified”onherpaper.Shecrumpledthepaperandthrewittothesideofherdesk.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。ThenRishastaredatthecrumpledball_OnFriday, Rishacarefullycarriedherprojectintothelibrary._课时天天练(二十四)选择性必修第二册Unit3FoodandCulture.阅读理解【语
19、篇解读】本文叙述了印度政府用3D图画作为主要路段的减速器，目的是使危险的路段变得更安全。但有人也对此种方法的有效性表示怀疑。1答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“TheIndiangovernmentmayuse3Dpaintingsasvirtualspeedbreakersonmajorhighwaysandroads, inanattempttocheckspeedingandcarelessdriving, andeventuallymakeitsdeadlyroadsalittlesafer.”可知，印度政府用3D图画作为主要路段的减速器目的是提醒司机自动地减速从而使公路更安
20、全。故选D。2答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation, over200,000peoplearekilledbyroadaccidentsduetopoorapplicationofroadsafetylaws.(根据世界卫生组织统计数据，道路安全法规的不规范实施每年导致20多万印度人死于交通肇事。)”可知道路安全法规的不规范实施导致死亡，故选D。3答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段“TheuseofvisualillusionsasspeedbreakerswasfirstpioneeredintheAmeri
21、cancityofPhiladelphiain2008, aspartofacampaignagainstspeedingmotorists.ThetechniquehasalsobeentriedoutinChinatocreatefloating3Dcrossings.”可知，作者通过例子来解释3D斑马线的实验。故选A。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, criticsarguethatoncedriversknowthatthesespeedbreakersarevisualillusions, theymayignorethem.Othersalsopointo
22、utthatIndiasdecisiondoesnotconsiderthesafetyofalargenumberofwalkers.Intheend, thenewpolicymaybejustonesteptowardsimprovingroadsafety.(不过，也有人持反对意见，因为司机一旦熟悉这种3D斑马线带来的幻觉，他们就可能会直接忽略这些装置。还有人指出，印度政府的决定没有考虑到广大行人的安全。这种提高道路安全的新政策可能只是一时有效而已。)”可知，作者以客观的态度去认识3D斑马线。故选B。.完形填空【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了测量高度珠穆朗玛峰的艰难以及其重要
23、性。1答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问他们它的确切高度，很多人都不会确定。A.location位置；B.appearance外貌；C.area地区；D.height高度。根据下文的1975年以及2005年对珠峰高度的测量可知，此处指的是对其高度的精确测量。故选D。2答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：1975年，中国测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰(MountQomolangma)为8848.13米高。A.determined确定；B.assumed假设；C.estimated估计；D.admitted承认。根据下文“As_3_improved, satellites, photoele
24、ctricity, radarsandgravitymeasurementtechnologieswere_4_togetmoreexactfigures.”应用先进的科技去进行进一步的测量可知，此空指的是中国的测量员确定珠峰的高度是8848.13米。故选A。3答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.condition条件；B.technology技术；C.society社会；D.economy经济。根据下文的“satellites, photoelectricity, radarsandgravitymeasuremen
25、ttechnologieswere_4_togetmoreexactfigures.”可知，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B。4答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A.employed运用；B.expected期望；C.approached接近；D.inspired鼓舞。根据下文的“togetmoreexactfigures”可知，这些高科技被运用到测量珠峰精确的高度中。故选A。5答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仍然要有人携带一些设备到世界屋脊。A.weapons武器；B.vehicles交通工具
26、；C.instruments设备；D.packages包裹。根据常识可知，测量是需要设备仪器的，此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C。6答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，一个中国团队测量了珠穆朗玛峰，发现它并没有那么高，因为他们计算的高度是8844.43米。A.changed改变；B.calculated计算；C.extended延伸；D.expanded扩大。根据上文“In2005, aChineseteamscaledQomolangmaandfoundthatitwasnotashighasthat”以及下文“theheighttobe8844.43meters.”可知
27、，此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的珠峰的高度是8844.43米。故选B。7答案与解析：B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰并非易事。A.glorious光荣的；B.easy容易的；C.admirable令人钦慕的；D.tough艰难的。根据下文“Theaverageairtemperaturethereis29degreesCelsius, evenfourdegrees_8_thaninAntarctica.”可知，攀登珠峰并不是一件容易的事。故选B。8答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的平均气温为29摄氏度，甚至比南极洲低4摄氏度。A.colder更冷的；B.hott
28、er更热的；C.higher更高的；D.lower更低的。根据29degreesCelsius可知，此处表示珠峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D。9答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的雪有45米厚，像飓风一样的风一直在吹。A.snows雪；B.rains雨；C.winds风；D.snowflakes雪花。根据下文的blow可知，此处表示风。故选C。10答案与解析：A考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。A.copewith应付；B.fightfor与斗争；C.takeon承担；D.carryout实施。根据theextremeconditions可知，此处
29、表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠峰的极端条件。故选A。11答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的资金和人力资源，但值得付出努力。A.wasting浪费；B.spending花费；C.overcoming克服；D.involving涉及。根据“hugeamountsofmoneyandhumanresources”可知，测量珠峰的高度需要投入大量的人力和物力。故选D。12答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的资金和人力资源，但值得付出努力。A.effort努力；B.loss
30、损失；C.harvest丰收；D.achievement成就。根据下文的“Puttogooduse, itcanbenefitmankind”，如果使用得当，它可以造福人类可知，这项任务值得去努力做。故选A。13答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。A.channel频道；B.window窗口；C.solution解决办法；D.entrance入口。根据下文“observingcrustal (地壳的)movements.”可知，珠峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B。14答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。句意：峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向
31、运动。A.measure测量；B.foresee预见；C.indicate表明；D.expose暴露。珠峰两次测量高度的变化，这就表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。故选C。15答案与解析：C考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。A.where哪里；B.how怎样；C.why为什么；D.whether是否。本句在讲述测量珠峰高度的重要性。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选C。.读后续写参考范文：ThenRishastaredatthecrumpledball.Itremindedherofasnowball.Suddenlyanideastruckher.W
32、hynotcreateawinterwonderlandoutofcrumpledpaper? Rishadidnthavetodraworpaintorevencut.Rishamademanypaperballs, gluedthemalltogether, andplacedthemonabigpieceofhardpapertoformasnowman.Thesnowmanworeahatmadeofblackpaperandascarfmadeofredpaper.Herfinishedprojectwasreallywonderful.OnFriday, Rishacarefull
33、ycarriedherprojectintothelibrary.Shenoticedthesmileandthenodsfromteachersandotherstudentsassheputherworkonatable.Ms._ClaywalkedovertoRisha.“Youhavecreatedacreativepieceofartwork.Iamsoproudofyou！”Ms.Claysaid.Rishawasproudofherselftoo.HerpridegrewwhenMs.Clayplacedafirstplacestaronherartwork.“MaybeIama
34、goodartistafterall，”Rishathought.【语篇解读】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，本文讲述了Risha在老师鼓励下进行艺术创作的事情；Risha不擅长美术，当老师要求同学们每人创作一件艺术品的时候，她感到非常泄气，Risha在纸上写下了“害怕”这个词。她把那张纸揉成一团，扔在书桌边。【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然后Risha盯着那只皱巴巴的纸团，所以应该写看到纸团后，Risha的感想和采取的行动。第二段开头是：星期五，Risha小心翼翼地把她的作品带进了图书馆。本段应该写老师和同学们看到Risha作品后的看法，Risha的作品获得了一等奖，
35、她的自豪感与日俱增。续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高级句型，如：Shenoticedthesmileandthenodsfromteachersandotherstudentsassheputherworkonatable.这句话运用了as引导的时间状语从句；HerpridegrewwhenMs.Clayplacedafirstplacestaronherartwork.“MaybeIamagoodartistafterall，”Rishathought.运用了when引导的时间状语从句，文章也使用了一些固定词组，如bedelightedto ; bemadeof; beproudof，walkoverto等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。