1、Period Using languageGrammar & Vocabulary Grammar(情态动词一)课前自主预习 观察句子，总结规律 . I was_able_to hold a knife and forkand chopsticks!But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.Mum and I just have_to find a way to get him into the kitchen!. wed_better
2、 not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, . You neednt try it if you dont want to, Mum said, . 我的发现以上五个句子都使用了情态动词。(1)句中的be able to意为“_”。(2)句中的dare意为“_”。(3)句中的have to意为“_”。(4)句中的d better为_的缩写，意为“_”。(5)句中的need意为“_”。答案：(1)能够(2)胆敢，敢于(3)不得不(4)had better；最好(5)需要精讲课
3、时语法一、be able to的用法be able to意为“能够，有能力”，不仅有时态、人称和数的变化，而且还可以与某些系动词或情态动词连用(通常不与 can 连用)，甚至还可以有非谓语形式。He hasnt_been_able_to get in touch with her.他一直未能和她联系上。You might_be_able_to persuade him.你也许能够说服他。I hope to_be_able_to do the work.我希望能干得了这项工作。I regret not_being_able_to help her.我很遗憾未能帮助她。易混辨析can和be abl
4、e to都可以表示能力，前者泛指一般的能力，只有两种形式，即can, could；后者表示通过努力可以具备具体做到某件事的能力或实现某种状态，重点强调的是要有一个努力的过程。如：I can drive a car.(我会开车)I will_be_able_to drive the car in a week.(隐含着我努力一周后就有能力学会开车的意思)二、dare的用法dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。1dare作情态动词时，表示“敢，敢于”，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。此时的dare没有人称、数和时态的变化，能单独构成否定和疑问。例如：Dare you climb t
5、hat tree?你敢爬那棵树吗？He darent go there because it is very dangerous.他不敢去那儿，因为那儿很危险。2dare用作实义动词时，有时态和人称的变化，用do, does或did来构成否定句或疑问句。She didnt dare to say a word, did she?她一句话也没敢说，是吗？三、have to的用法have to意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为dont/doesnt/didnt have to。Its too late. I have_to go home now.天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。Yo
6、u dont_have_to finish the work now.你现在没有必要完成这项工作。易混辨析have to和must的区别have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must还表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。I have_to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。I must clean the room because its dirty.我必须打扫一下房间，因为太脏了。四、had better的用法had better意为“最好”，后跟动词原形，常用来提出建议，或表示迫
7、切地希望、警告等，语气较强。其中动词had没有人称或数的变化。had better的简略式为d better，否定式为had better not。Shed_better get here soon or shell miss the opening ceremony.她最好快点到这儿来，否则她会错过开幕式的。They had_better_not be late.他们最好不要迟到。五、need的用法1作情态动词(1)need作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句或表示疑问的从句中，意为“需要”。Need I finish the work today?Yes, you must./No, you
8、 neednt.我需要今天干完这活吗？是的，必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。(2)neednt 意为“不必”，表示客观上不必如何。So I neednt pretend, need I?因此我不必假装，对吧？2作实义动词need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。The bike needs_repairing.The bike needs_to_be_repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。选词并用适当形式填空： be able to; dare; have to; had better; need1She _ not go out alone at night.
9、答案：dare2Its quite warm here so we _ not turn the heating on.答案：need3You _ arrive early so that you will not miss anything. 答案：had better4He _ walk home yesterday because his car broke down.答案：had to5Neither my wife nor I _ persuade my daughter to change her mind now.答案：am able to6He _ play the piano
10、 when he was 5 years old.答案：was able to Vocabulary1related adj. 有关系的，相关的(P5)归纳拓展(1)be related tobe connected with 与有关系/关联(2)relate v. 联系，使有联系relate to 涉及；与相关relate . to . 把和联系起来Light industry is closely related_to agriculture.轻工业和农业密切相关。The questionnaire relates_to our lifestyle.这份问卷调查和我们的生活方式有关。It
11、is difficult to relate these results to any known cause.很难把这些结果和任何已知的原因联系起来。(1)单句语法填空This is an French word _ (relate) to music.We must relate what he says _ what he does.答案：relatedto(2)单句写作未来，工资的增加将和绩效相关。In the future, pay increases will _ productivity.他问了一些和他的专业有关的问题。He asked some questions _ his
12、major.答案：be related torelated to2diet n. 日常饮食vi. 节食；按规定饮食(P5)归纳拓展keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食be on a diet 节食(表状态)go on a diet 节食(表动作)Everyone should keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of health. 为了健康，每个人都应该保持平衡的膳食。Have you been_on_a_diet? Youve lost a lot of weight.你最近在节食吗？你瘦了好多。Ive been dieting e
13、ver since the birth of my second child.我生完第二个孩子后就一直在节食。单句写作My sister wants to _ (节食), because she thinks she is overweight._ (均衡的饮食) is important for a childs development. Drinking water is a key part of _ (健康的饮食) and it makes your skin clearer and takes weight off. 答案：go on a dietA balanced dieta h
14、ealthy diet3addict n. 对着迷的人vt. 使上瘾(P5)归纳拓展(1)addict oneself to 沉溺于；醉心于(2)addicted adj. 上瘾的；沉迷于某种嗜好的be/become/get addicted to . 沉迷于；热爱(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的addiction n. 瘾，入迷，嗜好After his divorce, Bruce addicted_himself_to drinking, thus losing his job.离婚后，布鲁斯终日醉酒，结果丢了工作。Teenagers who are_addicted_to
15、the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive.你应该停止服用这种药，因为它令人上瘾。Some students are now fighting their addiction to computer games.现在一些学生正努力戒除对电脑游戏的瘾。(1)单句语法填空Alcohol and tobacco are both highly _ (addict)He is now f
16、ighting his _ (addict) to alcohol.We are addicted to _ (buy) new things.答案：addictiveaddictionbuying(2)单句写作曾经有一段时间他玩电脑游戏上瘾。There was a time when he _ computer games.答案：was addicted to playing4in case 以防万一(P5)归纳拓展in case of 以防万一(后跟名词)in that case 如果那样的话in this case 在这种情况下in most cases 在大多数情况下in any ca
17、se 无论如何，不管怎样in no case 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)thats not the case 情况并非如此as is often the case 情况常常如此，常有的事Take an umbrella with you in_case_of rain.Take your raincoat in_case_(that) it should rain.带上雨伞，以防下雨。In_any_case,_I have to leave soon.无论如何，我必须尽快离开。In_no_case should you leave here.在任何情况下你都不要离开这里。单句写作对他来说
18、是常有的事，他上课迟到了。_ with him, he was late for class. 带张地图吧，以防迷路。Bring a map _ you get lost.汤姆现在很忙。在这种情况下，我们就不再等了。Tom is very busy now. _， we wont wait any longer. 无论如何我不能输掉这次重要比赛。_ this important match. 万一有火警，将玻璃击碎。_ fire, break the glass.答案：As is often the casein caseIn this caseIn no case can I loseIn
19、case of5differ v. 不同，不一样，有区别(P5)归纳拓展(1)differ from 与不同differ in 在方面不同(2)different adj. 不同的；相异的be different from . in . 在与不同(3)difference n. 不同；区别tell the difference between . and . 分辨和的不同make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用This proposal differs_from the last one in many important respects.This proposal is_
20、different_from the last one in many important respects.这个建议在很多重要方面与上一个不同。Compare the two pictures and tell_the_difference between them.比较一下这两幅画，分辨出它们之间的不同。One false step will make_a_great_difference.差之毫厘，谬以千里。语境串记Though they are twins, they have many differences. First of all, they differ_in hobbies
21、. Jim likes playing football while Tom enjoys playing chess. In addition, they are_different_from each other in shape. Jim is tall and fat while Tom is short and thin.虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们有许多不同之处。首先，他们的爱好不同。吉姆喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢下棋。此外，他们体形不同。吉姆又高又胖，而汤姆又矮又瘦。单句语法填空These two books differ _ colourone is red and the other
22、 is blue.Our village is very _ (difference) from what it was before.The behavior of parents makes a great _ (different) to the children.答案：indifferentdifference6recommend v. 推荐(P6)归纳拓展recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物recommend sb. as 推荐某人为recomme
23、nd that . 建议(that从句应用should动词原形，其中should可以省略)It is recommended that . 建议(It作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语)He strongly recommended_going there by train.他强烈建议坐火车去那儿。Why did you recommend_him_to_take such an important position? 你为什么推荐他担任这么重要的职位？Would you recommend_a_book_to_me?你能给我推荐一本书吗？Ill recommend Tom as his a
24、ssistant. 我要推荐汤姆当他的秘书。It_is_recommended_that you should consult your doctor.建议你去咨询医生。(1)单句语法填空It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it _ any friend of mine who is going to Beijing.He recommended _ (read) the book before seeing the movie.Its strongly recommended that the machine _ (repair)
25、every year.答案：toreading(should) be repaired(2)句型转换The doctor recommended (that) my father (should) take more exercise.The doctor recommended my father _ more exercise.答案：to take.用be able to的适当形式完成句子1每个人都看得出两者的区别。Everyone _ see the difference between the two.答案：is able to2由于他的帮忙，我们昨天才能提前完成这项工作。Thanks
26、 to his help, we _ finish the work ahead of time yesterday. 答案：were able to3我还看不出两者的区别在哪儿。I _ see the difference between the two yet.答案：havent been able to4如果你睡个好觉，那么你就能做出这道题。If you have a good sleep, you _ work out this problem.答案：will be able to5我对不能帮助你感到抱歉。I feel bad about _ help you.答案：not being
27、 able to6他似乎能把复杂的思想用简单的话语说出来。He seemed _ put complicated thought in simple words.答案：to be able to.用have to的适当形式完成句子1我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面，不得不破门而入。I locked myself out of our apartment and _ break in.答案：had to2制定计划要从调查研究入手。To work out a plan, one _ start with investigation.答案：has to3我得在5点钟到学校接孩子。I _ pick up
28、the children from school at 5 oclock.答案：have to.单句写作1我们的老师建议我们定期锻炼以保持身体健康。Our teacher recommends that _.答案：we (should) take exercise regularly2犯罪率上升可能与失业率上升有关。The rise in crime is likely _ an increase in unemployment.答案：to be related to3这两个地区的气候差异很大。These two regions _.答案：differ greatly in climate4你
29、应该带着你的雨伞以防下雨。You should take your umbrella _.答案：in case it rains5不言而喻保持平衡的膳食能帮助你保持健康。It goes without saying that _ can help you stay healthy.答案：keeping a balanced diet.一句多译1时间很充足，你不必开这么快。Theres plenty of time. You _ so fast.Theres plenty of time. You _ so fast. 答案：neednt drive; dont need to drive2看看
30、这些花，它们需要浇水了。Look at the flowers. They need _.Look at the flowers. They need _.答案：watering; to be watered3他一句话也不敢说。He _ a word.He _ a word.答案：dare not say; doesnt dare to say课后课时作业阅读理解Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientis
31、ts. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent
32、 fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.Scientists believe that not
33、 seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two ho
34、urs of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate icecream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining icecream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.On average the group who could see ate 116g
35、 while the blindfolded group ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the nonblind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the icecream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.“The experienced pleasure of e
36、ating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. W
37、hile restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究发现人们在关灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。1With the lights out, diners eat less partly because _. Athey want to quickly finish their meals
38、Bthey trust their feelings more than everCthey focus more on fun than the caloriesDthey worry about the quality of the food答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.”可知，当关灯后，饮食者可能会担心食物的质量，故选D项。2We can learn from the passage that the bli
39、ndfolded group _. Aspent a much longer time eating the same foodBbelieved they ate more than they really didCdepended on past experiences to feel fullDthought the food tasted better than usual答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.”
40、以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩进食的志愿者们对进食量的估计远高于实际情况，故选B项。3The last two paragraphs tell us that _.Adiners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darknessBsenses rather than sight play an important role in the tasteCfindings of this experiment differ from the previous studiesDrestaurants benefit a lot from allowin
41、g diners to eat in the dark答案：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.”并结合最后两段内容可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中用餐，饮食者可能会降低食欲，故选A项。4The main purpose of the passage is to _.Aprovide statistics related to eating in the darkBoffer reasons for people to eat in the dark areasCinform the re
42、aders of the result of an experimentDpersuade the readers to lose weight in a new way答案：C推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知读者实验结果。故选C项。七选五Everyone knows that fish is good for health. _1_ But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per y
43、ear, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. _2_ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._3_ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means th
44、e fish isnt fresh. _4_ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to c
45、ook fish. _5_ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, its ready to serve.ADo not buy it.BThe easiest is to steam it.CThis is ho
46、w you can do it.DIt just requires a little knowledge.EThe fish will go bad within hours.FWhen buying fish, you should first smell it.GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.1G上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益，设空处应是对上句的进一步解释说明，故G项“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”符合语境。2D上句指出：购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。设空处承接上句，强调“它只需要一点儿知识”，从而引
47、出下文对这些知识的介绍。故D项符合语境。3F下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味，F项“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”，与下文话题衔接紧密，且F项中的“smell”与下文中的“smell”呼应，符合语境。4A上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜，本句承接上句，指出不要购买这样的鱼，故选A项。5B上句指出做鱼的方法有很多种，根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了蒸鱼的方法，故B项符合语境，意为“最简单的方法就是蒸鱼”。语法填空A Bite of China, a mouthwatering latenight documentary television series about Chinese
48、food, _1_ (attract) countless viewers since it was aired on CCTV. It became popular immediately after being shown, and has made viewers go beyond thinking about food _2_ (it)From its very beginning, A Bite of China is not just a documentary about food. It is a serious documentary providing _3_ uniqu
49、e view of Chinese as well _4_ the relations between people and food and between people and society. The documentary shows the techniques _5_ (use) in making food and their production process as well as the lives of ordinary people, thus _6_ (touch) the hearts of the audience. A Bite of China shows t
50、hat the emotions of ordinary Chinese people should be exhibited, and that even a _7_ (complete) commercial (商业的) program can achieve both artistic and commercial success. Being sincere is the most important thing for _8_ (artist) because they cannot move others unless they themselves are first moved
51、.If you are the one _9_ is curious about the history and stories behind foods of various kinds in China, _10_ (switch) on TV and a fantastic world will spread in front of you.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍探寻中国美食的节目舌尖上的中国非常火爆的原因。1has attracted考查动词的时态。句意：舌尖上的中国，一档让人垂涎的中国美食的深夜纪录片，自从在CCTV播
52、出以来，吸引了无数的观众。根据时间状语从句since it was aired on CCTV可知，本空应用现在完成时表示对现在的影响。2itself考查代词。句意：(节目)播出后非常受欢迎，让观众不仅仅思考食物本身。根据句意可知，本空应用反身代词itself表示“食物本身”。3a考查冠词。句意：舌尖上的中国是一部严肃的纪录片，对中国人、人与食物以及人与社会的关系进行了一种独特的解读。因为unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，故本空应用不定冠词a。4as考查固定短语。as well as “和；以及”，故本空应用介词as。5used考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片展示了用于食物制作的技巧、生产过
53、程和普通人的生活，因此触动了很多人的心。本空作后置定语修饰名词technique，且technique与use之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词used。6touching考查非谓语动词。表示自然而然产生的结果，故应用现在分词作结果状语，表示“自然而然，顺理成章” 的结果。7completely考查词性转换。句意：甚至一部完全的商业节目也可以取得艺术和商业成功。本空修饰形容词commercial，故应用副词completely。8artists考查名词。句意：真诚对于艺术家来说是最重要的。artist为可数名词，本空前没有冠词，故本空应用可数名词复数形式表示一类人。9who考查定语从句。句意：
54、如果你是一个对中国各种各样的食物背后的故事和历史感兴趣的人，那么打开电视，一个神奇的世界就会出现在你面前。本空引导定语从句，在从句中作主语指人，因为先行词为the one，故应用关系代词who。10switch考查祈使句。本句为“祈使句and陈述句”句型，故本空应用动词原形switch。读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。“Hey！” the voice called from behind me. “Are you a girl or a duck？” I ignored the comments because I knew they were from t
55、he mean girl, Betsy. I ran to my class, causing my slight limp (跛行) to become even more apparent. Already, I could see that things would be different here. At my old school, I had a group of friends to protect me. However, in this new school, I was on my own. I took my place in the first row of desk
56、s and I was grateful for alphabetic seating. My last name came at the beginning of the alphabet and Betsys last name came at the end. As the weeks went on, though, I made friends with two girls named Fran and Lisa who sat near me in class. Whenever Betsy made one of her remarks,_they would wave it o
57、ff and tell me to ignore her.Still, I hated that I didnt walk like everyone else. I didnt like not being able to run as fast or as straight as the other kids and I didnt like getting picked last for teams in gym class. Mostly, though, I really hated it when people like Betsy made negative remarks ab
58、out how I walked.One day, our teacher asked us to change seats. “Class，” our teacher addressed us one morning, “youve been in the same seats for a full semester and youve become friendly with the students around you. Now its time to change seats and make some new friends.” The class let out a collec
59、tive moan (抱怨). As she assigned the new seating, Fran, Lisa, and I looked at each other and waited for our names to be called. We didnt want to be separated. And we especially didnt want to sit anywhere near Betsy. Finally, Betsy sat directly behind me.I knew this wasnt going to be good and I soon d
60、iscovered I was right. Betsy often leaned into my back：“Quack, quack！” When I ignored her, she kicked my seat. When that didnt work, she poked (戳) me. This went on daily until one_morning I simply refused to go to school. I told Mom what had happened at school.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词
61、语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：My mother sat me down and began to talk. Paragraph 2：Then one day I did what my mother taught me and amazing things happened. 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者因为腿部有点跛而受到了女孩Betsy的嘲笑，在一次班级换座时，作者和自己的好朋友Fran和Lisa的座位分开了，而和Betsy成为前后桌，作者为此非常苦闷，将此事告诉了妈妈。 精彩范文Par
62、agraph 1：My mother sat me down and began to talk. “Look，” she held my hand, “there will always be mean people like Betsy in this world. That is hard to change. But you can change the way you handle them. Have you ever heard of the saying Treat them with kindness？” I shook my head. “Its simple. Just
63、show your kindness to the girl now and then. If she drops her pen, pick it up and hand it to her. Things like that. Just be nice to her.”Paragraph 2：Then one day I did what my mother taught me and amazing things happened. Our teacher announced seriously that there would be an exam the next morning.
64、As Betsy was not good at study, I offered to help her review lessons. Betsy was surprised but grateful. She said shyly, “Youre so nice. I truly regret making those rude remarks on you. Can we be friends？” I was glad that I had followed my moms advice. It was just what I needed and probably just what Betsy needed, too.