1、Section Developing ideas自主学习激发潜能. 课文翻译教材原文A Boys Best Friend Mr Anderson said, “Wheres Jimmy, dear?” “Out on the crater,” said Mrs Anderson. “Robutt is with him. Did he arrive?” “Yes. Hes at the rocket station, going through the tests. I havent really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.” “Jimm
2、y has never seen one,” said Mrs Anderson. “Because hes Moon-born and cant visit Earth. Thats why Im bringing one here. I think its the first one ever on the Moon.” Jimmy was out on the crater, as his mother had said. His arms and legs were long and agile. He looked thicker and stubbier with his spac
3、esuit on, but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth-born human being could. The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit. The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the
4、 spacesuit couldnt keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent. “Come on, Robutt,” he shouted. Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded after. Jimmy, expert though he was, couldnt outrace Robutt, who didnt need a spacesuit, and had four legs
5、 and tendons of steel. Jimmy couldnt go wrong while Robutt was around, tripping him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him to show how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was. He h
6、eard his fathers voice on his private wavelength. “Jimmy, come back. I have something to tell you.” Mr Anderson was smiling. “We have something for you, Jimmy. Its at the rocket station now, but well have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.” “From Earth, Dad?” “A dog from Earth, son. The first
7、 dog on the Moon. You wont need Robutt any more. We cant keep them both, and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.” He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something, then he said, “You know what a dog is, Jimmy. Its the real thing. Robutts only a mechanical imitation, a robot-mutt. Thats how he
8、 got his name.” Jimmy frowned. “Robutt isnt an imitation, Dad.” “Robutts just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.” “He does everything I want him to do, Dad. He understands me.” “No, son. Robutt is just a machine. Its just programmed to act the way it does. A dog is alive. Youll see the
9、difference once he gets here.” Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak that seemed frightened. Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound. Jimmy said, “What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog?” “Its hard to explain, ” said Mr Anderson,
10、 “but it will be easy to see. The dog will really love you. Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.” “But, Dad, we dont know whats inside the dog, or what his feelings are. Maybe its just acting, too.” Mr Anderson frowned. “Jimmy, youll know the difference when you experience the love
11、 of a living thing.” Jimmy held Robutt tightly. He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldnt change his mind. He said, “But whats the difference how they act? How about how I feel? I love Robutt and thats what counts.”And the little robot-mutt, which had never been
12、held so tightly in all its existence, squeaked high and rapid squeaks-happy squeaks.(Adaptation of excerpts from “A Boys Best Friend” by Isaac Asimov)教材译文 一个男孩最好的朋友安德森先生说:“吉米在哪儿, 亲爱的?”“在外面火山口上,”安德森夫人说。 “罗布和他在一起。他到达了吗?”“是的。它在火箭发射站经受测试。自从15年前离开地球以来, 我还没有真正看到过狗。”“吉米从来没见过,”安德森夫人说。“因为他出生在月球, 不能访问地球。那就是为什
13、么我带一只狗来这里。我想这是第一只登上月球的小狗。”正如吉米的母亲所说, 吉米在外面的环形山上。他的胳膊和腿又长又灵活。穿上宇航服后, 他看上去更笨重、更胖, 但他能承受月球引力, 这是地球上出生的人做不到的。环形山外侧向南倾斜, 低低地悬在南方天空上的地球几乎是满的, 结果整个环形山斜坡都被照亮了。倾斜很是平缓, 即使加上太空服的重量, 还是不能阻止吉米的身体跳着跃向山坡, 看上去就像重力似乎不存在一样。“来吧, 罗布,”他喊道。罗布通过电波辨认出他的声音, 它尖叫着蹦蹦跳跳地跟在后面。吉米, 他虽然是专家, 也无法超越不需要太空服的罗布, 它有四条腿和钢铁般的肌腱。只要有罗布在周围, 吉米
14、就不会出错, 当吉米太靠近岩石时就拦住他, 或跳到他身上显示它是多么爱他, 或者当吉米躲在一块石头后面时, 它会绕着圈子, 发出低低的吱吱声, 使人害怕,无论什么时候, 罗布都对吉米的位置了如指掌。他在自己的私人波段听到了父亲的声音：“吉米, 回来。我有事要告诉你。”安德森先生笑了,“我们有东西要给你, 吉米。它现在在火箭发射站, 但是我们明天所有的测试结束后就可以拿到它了。”“来自地球, 爸爸?”“一只来自地球的狗, 儿子。第一只登上月球的狗。你再也不需要罗布了。我们不能把它们两个都留下, 其他的男孩或女孩会有罗布。”他似乎在等吉米说什么, 然后他说:“吉米, 你知道狗是什么。狗是有生命的。
15、罗布只是一个机械的仿制品, 一只机器狗。那就是它的名字的由来。”吉米皱起了眉头。“爸爸, 罗布不是仿制品。”“罗布只有钢铁、电线和一个简单的电子大脑。”“爸爸, 我要它做什么它就做什么。它懂我。”“不, 儿子。罗布只是一台机器。它只是按照自己的方式运行。狗是活着的。一旦它到这儿, 你会看到这种差别。”吉米看着罗布, 它又在吱吱叫了, 那是一种很低很慢的吱吱声, 似乎受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂, 罗布一下子就跳了进去。吉米说:“罗布和那只狗有什么不同?”“这很难解释,”安德森先生表示,“但很容易看出来。狗狗会真的爱你。罗布只是做出调整, 表现得好像它也爱你一样。”“但是, 爸爸, 我们不知道狗的内
16、心是什么, 也不知道它的感受是什么。也许这只是演戏罢了。”安德森皱起了眉头。“吉米, 你会知道的, 当你体验到对一个生物的爱时, 你会感到其中的不同。”吉米紧紧地抱着罗布, 他也皱着眉头, 脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。他说,“但是它们的行为有什么不同呢? 我的感觉如何? 我爱罗布, 这才是重要的。”小机器狗自诞生起从来没有被抓得这么紧过, 它吱吱叫得又高又快快活的吱吱声。(根据艾萨克阿西莫夫写的孩子最好的朋友节选改编). 词汇拓展1. agile /dal/adj.敏捷的, 灵活的 agilely /dl/adv. 灵活地; 头脑敏捷地2. mechanical /mknkl/ adj
17、.机械的 mechanically /mknkli/adv. 机械地; 呆板地; 物理上地 mechanic /mknk/n.技工, 机修工3. imitation /mten/n.仿制品 imitate /mtet/vt. 模仿, 仿效; 仿制 imitative /mttve/adj. 模仿的; 仿制的4. tightly /tatli/adv.紧紧地 tight /tat/adj. 紧的; 严密的; 绷紧的 tighten /tatn/v. 变紧; 使变紧5. desperate /desprt/adj.拼命的, 绝望的 desperately /desprtli/adv. 拼命地; 绝
18、望地; 极度地6. faulty /f: lti/adj.有故障的, 有缺陷的 fault /f: lt/n. 故障; 过错; 缺点; 毛病 faultless /f: ltls/adj. 完美的; 无缺点的7. consistent /knsstnt/adj.一贯的, 一致的 consistently /knsstntli/adv. 一贯地; 一致地; 坚实地8. southern /sn/adj. 向南的; 南方的 south /sa/n. 南 adj.南方的 adv.向南, 朝南9. adjust /dst/vi.& vt. 适应, 习惯; 调整, 调节 adjustment /dstm
19、nt/n.调整, 调节; 适应 adjustable /dstble/adj.可调整的, 可调节的10. exist /gzst/vi.存在; 生存 existence /gzstns/n.存在; 生活 existing /gzst/adj.现有的, 现存的. 情境词块1.参加; 经受; 仔细检查; 通过 go through 2.出毛病; 弄错; 发生故障 go wrong 3.一直; 总是 all the time 4.坚持, 维持; 伸出; 提供机会 hold out 5.调节; 调整以适应 adjust to 6.change ones mind 某人改变主意 7.set out 出发
20、; 开始; 陈述; 陈列 8.be consistent with 与一致 9.in shock 震惊 10.break down 出故障; (计划等)失败; (身体、精神等)垮掉 . 情境佳句1.句型公式though/as引导让步状语从句的倒装形式教材原句Jimmy,expert though he was, couldnt outrace Robutt, who didnt need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel. 吉米, 他虽然是专家, 也无法超越不需要太空服的罗布, 它有四条腿和钢铁般的肌腱。中文例句虽然他一直在
21、努力学习, 但他还是没有通过那次考试。句式仿写Hard as/though he had been working, he didnt pass the exam.2.句型公式once引导状语从句教材原句Youll see the differenceoncehe gets here. 一旦它到这儿, 你会看到这种差别。中文例句你一旦陷进深雪中, 那就很难出来。句式仿写Once youre stuck in deep snow, its difficult to get out. 文本互动合作探究 文本理解Reading for the details.Choose the best answ
22、er according to the text.1.Who wanted to know where Jimmy was?A.Mr Anderson.B.Mrs Anderson.C.Robutt.D.A Moon-born man.答案：A2.What made Jimmy look very fat?A.The crater.B.The spacesuit.C.The lunar gravity.D.The Earth.答案：B3.Why did Robutt run faster than Jimmy?A.Because it could rolled around.B.Because
23、 it knew well about the race.C.Because it didnt need a spacesuit.D.Because it was born on the moon.答案：C4.What was Robutt actually according to the passage?A.A dog from the Earth.B.A man from the Earth.C.A robot like a human.D.A little robot dog.答案：D激发思维全程指导 背景导学 本栏目的活动主题是“续写故事”, 落实了“Listening and Sp
24、eaking”的交际功能, 使语言的“听、说、读、写”能力进一步得到落实。续写故事, 对于已经有了一定学习基础的本阶段的学生来说, 是大开脑洞、激发思维、创新写作的机会。读后续写读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合、综合考查学生语言表达能力、思维以及创新能力的有效题型。1. 续写内容虽然没有明确的限制, 但在形式上设置了两个方面的限制：一是词数方面, 所续写的词数应为150左右; 二是续写方面, 分两段, 每段开头语已写好, 在方向上对续写内容进行了一定的限制;2. 续写所给的段落开头语均对故事的发展有提示、衔接、引导和限制作用;3. 续写时要注意站在作者的角度, 保持原作语言风格和写作思路,
25、内容导向要积极向上, 尽量把事物美好的一面展现给读者。阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late a
26、fternoon. Uncle Paul, my dads friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guest room of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling dow
27、n the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and U
28、ncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasnt going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly
29、towards the mountains. “Dont be late for supper,” Uncle Paul cried. “And keep to the track so that you dont get lost!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colours of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, a
30、nd the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us. 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. 【审题谋篇】WhoI, Dad, Uncle Paul, T
31、ina, Ryan and KyleWhenan afternoon in summerWherein the mountains of the Wild WestWhatSo, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains.HowAfter a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的) blanke
32、t spread out upon the ground just for us.WhyI asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride【预设情节】1.Paragraph 1: 小兔子跳到马前。担心弄伤兔子, 作者竭力牵住马。（1） 马开始惊慌失措地跑了起来 。一切都太突然, 作者惊呆了。（2） 父亲告诉作者牵住缰绳 , 马才慢慢停了下来。等到下马时, 作者发现找不到原来的路, （3） 他们真的迷路了 。Paragraph 2: 天黑了下来, 又迷路了。又饿又累, 作者担心真的找不到回去的路。(4) 作者大声喊叫, 但没有回应 。父亲有点儿担心,
33、提醒作者保持冷静。听到了河的流水声, 作者想了想, (5) 觉得可以沿着河流找到回去的路 。不久他们就看到了远处的灯光。他们安全了。这真是以前没有经历过的一个刺激的假期。【词汇储备】1.惊叫一声 let out a cry 2.松手放开 let go of 3.保持冷静 keep calm 4.使我感到宽慰的是 to my relief 5.从跳下 jump off 6.迷路 get lost 7.不久 before long 8.看见 catch sight of 【句型运用】1.我担心会伤害这个可爱的小动物。 I was afraid that I might hurt the lovel
34、y small creature. 2.我不假思索地大叫一声让马停下来。 I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. 3.但是, 在我们跳下马来之前, 我们发现我们已经偏离了走过的路, 迷失了方向。 But before we jumped off the horses, we found that we had been off the beaten track and got lost. 4.我一直大声呼救, 但是没有回应。 I kept shouting for help, but there was no reply. 5.我希望有人
35、能听到我的叫声。 I hoped my shouts could be heard by someone. 【句式升级】1.用形容词作状语连接1和2。 Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. 2.用分词短语作状语连接4和5。 I kept shouting for help, hoping my shouts could be heard by someone, but there was no reply. 【串句成文】 将以上句子连
36、成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. However, it became scared and started to run like crazy. All this coming without warning, I was seized by fear. “Dont let
37、 go of the rope! Keep calm!” yelled Dad. I followed what he told me to do. To my relief, it stopped slowly. But before we jumped off the horses, we found that we had been off the beaten track and got lost. We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we c
38、ould find our way back. I kept shouting for help, hoping my shouts could be heard by someone, but there was no reply. Dad sounded a little worried as he reminded me to keep calm. It was then that my mind raced. “Listen, Dad, the rushing river water,” I shouted excitedly. “We can return to the farm h
39、ouse down the river.” Before long, we caught sight of the lights in the distance. We knew we were safe. What a thrilling vacation we had, like never before!实战演练 1.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。eight-year-old Carol lived with her father David, Mother May and elder brother Rob. The little fam
40、ily happily lived in a beautiful village surrounded with beautiful nature. The village was at the foot of a mountain, with beautiful views of the snowy mountain. The family survived on growing seasonal plants and trees. Their life was totally surrounded by nature and beauty.While they lived a very h
41、appy life, Carol did not love the beautiful atmosphere of the village. She really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life. She wanted to shop, move around the city, watch movies, and eat in fantastic restaurants and cafes, etc.However, there was hardly any chance that Carols family move
42、d to the city as they had everything in the village.One day, Carol fell asleep during the early noon and she had a sound sleep. Of course, she had a strange dream. She saw her grandmother in her dream as a fairy and her deceased grandmother granted her a wish. Carol requested her that she should lov
43、e to enjoy the city life as she always desired.Grandmother understood the desire of Carol, but still wanted to convince her that the peaceful village life was better than the city life.She told Carol, “Baby, you cannot have access to fresh fruits and vegetables from plants as you have at your home.
44、You cannot breathe fresh air. You cannot play with animals. You can hardly find any trees. You will not find peace as you see here! Do you still want to go to the city?”Without hearing the concerns, Carol asked her grandmother to grant the wish. Grandmother granted her wish, but with a condition. Ca
45、rol was told that she would only have 6 hours to spend in the city. Later, she would return to the village. Carol agreed. 注意: 续写词数应为 150 左右。Carol then found herself in the city with her friends. Carols brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up. 解析：深度解析确定故事要素要素内容WhoCarol, David, May, Ro
46、b, her late grandmotherWhenduring the early noonWherein the villageWhatCarol had a strange dream. She saw her grandmother as a fairy, who granted her the wish.WhyCarol really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life.解析：提取故事线索故事线索Cluea dream-desirepeaceful village life开端BeginningThe littl
47、e family happily lived in a beautiful village surrounded with beautiful nature. Carol was eager to live in the city.发展DevelopmentCarol had a dream, where she saw her late grandmother. Her deceased grandmother as a fairy granted her a wish to enjoy the city life.高潮ClimaxShe would only have 6 hours to
48、 spend in the city.结局Ending续写部分解析：续写情境推理Para. 1: Carol then found herself in the city with her friends.What did Carol want to do?She really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life. She wanted to shop, move around the city, watch movies, and eat in fantastic restaurants and cafes, etc.(此
49、处体现Carol对大城市的渴望。)Para. 2: Carols brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up.1. Was the city life as beautiful as she wished?She realized that her life in the village with her family was far more wonderful than the city life. (续写故事要有积极向上的价值观, 体现积极的人生观, 所以要珍惜眼前的美好。)2. What did Carol do af
50、ter she woke up?She shared her dream with her family while enjoying the fresh fruits and vegetables, and they laughed together.(依据所给材料, Carol对比她现有的生活, 发现了农村生活的安宁, 她和家人在农村更快乐。）3. How did she live her life then?Carol also developed love for plants, animals and beautiful nature.（最后段落要体现出Carol感受到大自然的美好并
51、与之和谐相处。）答案：高分范文Carol then found herself in the city with her friends. Carol and her friends went to watch movies. After that they ate delicious food in a restaurant and shopped in a huge mall. Carol was happy that she had the chance to experience the life in the city. Yet at the same time, she under
52、stood that everything told by her grandmother was true in the city. There was no peace and no silence; the city life was fast and busy. The air quality was not satisfying. She could hardly find any animal or even a tree.; Carols brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up. She recalled w
53、hat happened just now in her dream and realized that her life in the village with her family was far more wonderful than the city life. Carol understood that she was having a more joyful life. She shared her dream with her family while enjoying the fresh fruits and vegetables, and they laughed toget
54、her. Carol also developed love for plants, animals and beautiful nature.新知清障素养构建核心词汇 1. desperate adj.拼命的, 绝望的; 极渴望的; 危急的He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldnt change his mind. (教材P45)他也皱着眉头, 脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。典例翻译Hes desperate for money. 他极渴望得到钱。 The sudden l
55、oss of his money made him desperate. 突然丢钱使他很绝望。 Other women are desperate to get back to work. 其他妇女都渴望恢复工作。 She looked desperately around for a weapon. 她在四下里找, 急于弄到一件武器。 归纳拓展1.极需某物; 极想要某物 be desperate for sth. 2.渴望做某事 be desperate to do sth. 3.绝望地; 不顾一切地; 拼命地adv. desperately 4. feel/be desperate abo
56、ut 对绝望学以致用（1）单句填空I felt desperate about my future.He was desperate for work to provide food for his children.Even if you are desperate to get （get）married, never let it show.（2）完成句子他们渴望从农业转向工业, 而且他们极其需要这样做。They are desperate to shift from farming to industry, and they need to do it so desperately .2
57、. slope v.有坡度, 倾斜 n.斜坡, 倾斜The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit. (教材P44)环形山的外侧向南倾斜, 低低地悬在南方天空上的地球几乎是满的, 结果整个环形山斜坡都被照亮了。典例翻译The town is built on a slope. 这个城镇建在斜坡上。 Dont think y
58、ou can slope off just because my backs turned. 别以为我转过身去你就可以溜掉。 The horses laboured up the steep slope. 那些马费力地爬上了陡坡。 归纳拓展（1）slope n. 斜坡; 倾斜在斜坡上 on a slope 缓/陡坡 a gentle/steep slope （2）slope v. 有坡度, 倾斜slope to 倾斜至slope towards 向倾斜潜逃, 迅速走开 slope off 学以致用单句填空Lets slope off somewhere quiet and have a dri
59、nk.The road slopes gradually to the village.The hospital is on the eastward slope of the hill.He spends all winter on the slopes (slope)( = skiing).3. consistent adj. 一贯的, 一致的Now make comments on your partners story and see whether the language style is consistent. (教材P47)现在对你同伴的故事进行评论, 看看语言风格是否一致。典
60、例翻译Once, we saw it was moving in a pattern consistent with an orbit. 有一次, 我们看到它以与轨道一致的方式移动。 His words does not consist with facts. 他的话与事实不符。 His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea. 他的早餐由不涂黄油的面包和一杯茶组成。 Good service consists in punctuality and dependability. 良好的服务在于守时与可靠。 归纳拓展（1）consiste
61、nt adj. 一贯的与一致/符合的 be consistent with （2）consist v. 组成; 在于; 符合由组成 consist of 存在于 consist in 和一致 consist with 误区警示consist of不用于被动语态和进行时。学以致用（1）单句填空 Consisting (consist) of two campuses, this school covers a total area of 400 square kilometers with more than 4,000 students and teachers.True wealth doe
62、s not consist in what we have but in what we are.Shes not very consistent (consist) in the way she treats her children.（2）句型转换This report consists with what we have already known.This report is consistent with what we have already known.4. hold out伸出Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in
63、one bound. (教材P45)吉米伸出双臂, 罗布一下子就跳了进去。典例翻译Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering. 医生对她的痊愈基本不抱希望。 The operator asked the caller to hold on until a connection was made. 接线员请打电话者不要挂断, 等候电话接通。 He was so impatient that I could hardly hold him back. 他是那样急躁, 我简直拉不住他。 How soon can you get hold of tha
64、t young man? 你什么时候才能找到那个年轻人呢? 归纳拓展1.寄予(希望); 维持, 坚持 hold out 2.阻挡; 控制(感情等) hold back 3.别挂断(电话), 稍等; 握紧 hold on 4.抓住; 设法联系上 get hold of 5. hold up耽搁, 阻碍学以致用（1）用hold短语的正确形式填空When the writer arrived home and saw his mother, he couldnt hold back his tears.We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold
65、 out .Sorry, Im late, but my train was held up on the way. Hold on to the seat in front when we go round the corner.（2）完成句子如果一个超重的人吃了很多, 我就会控制一点, 因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。（2020全国新高考, 阅读理解）If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.重点句型
66、1. This/That is/was why这/那就是的原因。Thats why Im bring one here. (教材P44)那就是为什么我带一个来这里。典例翻译Tom was ill. That was why he came late for the meeting. 汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。 I think, this is why Ive travelled thousands of miles. 我想, 这就是我不远千里赶来的原因。 This is because there are many careless people. 这是由于有很多粗心的人。 The r
67、eason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes. 每年需要重新注射的原因是这种病毒经常变化。 归纳拓展（1）那/这就是为什么(why引导的从句表示结果) That/This is/was why （2）那/这是因为(because引导的从句表示原因) That/This is/was because （3）的原因是 The reason whyis/was that 学以致用1.完成句子汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他没赶上公共汽车。Tom came late for the meeting.
68、That was because he didnt catch the bus.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill .这是因为植物可以用空气、水和阳光制造食物。 This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight.我写这封信的原因是我有一个关于写作风格的问题。 The reason why I write this letter to you is that I have a problem i
69、n respect of the writing style. 2. so that引导结果状语从句The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit. (教材P44)环形山的外侧向南倾斜, 低低地悬在南方天空上的地球几乎是满的, 结果整个环形山斜坡都被照亮了。典例翻译Speak louder so that everybod
70、y can hear you. 大声点讲话, 让每个人都能听见。 We arrived early in order that we got good seats. 为了占到好座位, 我们到得很早。 It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气寒冷, 因此河水都结冰了。 He noted every detail so as to/in order to fix the scene in his mind. 他注意到了每一个细节以便牢记这个场面。 归纳拓展（1）so that“为了, 以便, 目的是”, 引导目的状语从句, 相当于in order
71、that(为了)。从句中常常使用情态动词can/could、may/might、will/would等。so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首, 而in order that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首, 也可放在主句之后。（2）当so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时, 从句可变为so as to或in order to的动词不定式短语。（3）so that引导结果状语从句, 意为“因此, 所以”。学以致用（1）完成句子我将告诉你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断。I will tell you all the facts so that/i
72、n order that you can judge by yourself.为了准时赶到那里, 我们应该早些出发。 In order that we can get there on time, we should set out early.（2）句型转换He raised his voice to make himself heard. = He raised his voice so as to/in order to make himself heard . = He raised his voice so that/in order that he could make himse
73、lf heard .素养达标迁移创新 . 语境填词根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。1.They said they found a fresh crater (火山口)exactly where Mr. Stuart had photographed the bright light.2.At 20 years old he was not as strong, as fast, as agile (灵活的) as he is now.3.My judgement was frequently faulty (有缺陷的), but my loyalty to the nation cou
74、ld not be questioned.4.Ive been hoping we might turn up some clues (线索)here.5.The bank slopes (倾斜)down sharply to the river.6.The children had a competition to see who could hop (跳跃)the fastest.7.As I came up in the elevator just now, it squeaked (发出吱吱声).8.Jim frowned (皱眉)from time to time when he c
75、aught the curious glance of some strangers.9.In other words, the wave has gained (or lost) half a wavelength (波长)in the process of reflection.10.Whatever the style, it should be consistent (一贯的). 语境选词根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。hold out, as though, in shock, have no choice but, go through, be bound to, bank o
76、n, on the horizon1.She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.2.Everyone was in shock . Some people were crying and no one really knew what was happening.3.He opened his lips as though he would say something to you or make some reply.4.We are bound to do what we ca
77、n to help the disabled.5.Seeing her son again after two years absence, the mother held out her arms to embrace him.6.More help is on the horizon for Chinas film industry.7.I dont know anything about luck. Ive never banked on it, and Im afraid of people who do.8.I have no choice but to bother you to
78、correct my mistakes in the material attached to the letter. 课文语法填空1.The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, 1. which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater-slope was 2. brightly （bright） lit. The slope was a gentle one and even the 3. weight （wei
79、gh） of the spacesuit couldnt keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent.Jimmy, expert 4. though/as he was, couldnt outrace Robutt, who didnt need 5. a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel. Jimmy couldnt go wrong 6. while Robutt was around, 7. tripping （trip） him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him 8. to show （show） how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy 9. hid （hide） behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough 10. where he was.
