1、【浙江名师点睛】2016高考英语二轮全程练习3-（18）及解析答案阅读理解技法与文体演练课时18阅读理解文体技法(1)记叙文.阅读理解文体技法演练【精要提示】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就会大大提高。要解答好记叙文的阅读理解，就应该有一套针对性的方法和技巧。(1)顺藤摸瓜。记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W(what，who，when，where，why)要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。(
2、2)左顾右盼。在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。【高考经典练】(2015浙江卷，D)In 2004，when my daughter Becky was ten，she and my husband，Joe，were united in their desire for a dog.As for me，I shared none of their canine lust.But why，they pleaded.“Bec
3、ause I dont have time to take care of a dog.” But well do it.“Really？Youre going to walk the dog？Feed the dog？Bathe the dog？”Yes，yes，and yes.“I dont believe you.”We will.We promise.They didnt.From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day)，neither thought to walk the dog.While I
4、 was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots，to schedule her vet appointments，to feed and clean her，Misty knew this on day one.As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small，medium，and large)，she calculated，“The medium one is the sucker in the pack.”Quickly，she
5、 and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合)Shed look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers，beam her need，and then wait，trusting I would understandwhich，strangely，I almost always did.In no time，she became my fifth appendage (附肢)，snoring on my homeoffice couch as I worked，cr
6、adling against my feet as I read，and splaying across my stomach as I watched television.Even so，part of me continued to resent walking duty.Joe and Becky had promised.Not fair，Id balk (不心甘情愿地做) silently as she and I walked.“Not fair，” Id loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home.Then
7、one dayJanuary 1，2007，to be exactmy husbands doctor uttered an unthinkable word：leukemia (白血病)With that，I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital，doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort.During those six months of hospitalizations，Becky，12 at the time，adjusted to
8、other adults being in the house when she returned from school.My work colleagues adjusted to my taking off at a moments notice for medical emergencies.Every part of my life changed；no part of my old routine remained.Save one：Misty still needed walking.At the beginning，when friends offered to take he
9、r through her paces，I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with.As the months went by，I began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty.The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet，peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the days
10、 medical drama unfolded.The evening walk was a time to shake off the days upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.When serious illness visits your household，its not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar.Pretty much everyone you
11、 know acts differently.Not Misty.Take her for a walk，and she had no interest in Joes blood counts or bone marrow test results.On the street or in the park，she had only one thing on her mind：squirrels！She was so joyous that even on the worst days，she could make me smile.On a daily basis，she reminded
12、me that life goes on.After Joe died in 2009，Misty slept on his pillow.Im gratefulto a point.The truth is，after years of balking，Ive come to enjoy my walks with Misty.As I watch her chase after a squirrel，throwing her whole being into the here and now of an exercise that has never once ended in victo
13、ry，she reminds me，too，that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future，theres almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.1Why didnt the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story?AShe was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble.BIt would
14、 be her business to take care of the dog.CHer husband and daughter were united as one.DShe didnt want to spoil her daughter.2Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “The medium one is the sucker in the pack.”(Paragraph 3)?A“The middleaged person loves me most.”B“The mediumsized woman is
15、the hostess.”C“The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”D“The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family.”3It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _AMisty was quite cleverBMisty could solve math problemsCthe writer was a slow learnerDno one walked Misty the first day4The sto
16、ry came to its turning point when _，.AJoe died in 2009BJoe fell ill in 2007Cthe writer began to walk the dogDthe dog tried to please the writer5Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital?AMisty couldnt live without her.BHer friends didnt offer any help.CThe walk provided her
17、 with spiritual comfort.DShe didnt want Misty to be others companion.6What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage?AOne should learn to enjoy hard times.BA disaster can change everything in life.CMoments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.DPeople will change their attitud
18、e toward you when you are in difficulty.能力提升练A(2015浙东北三校模拟)Since the moment Darnell Wynn was diagnosed with ovarian (卵巢的) cancer，she has refused to let the disease keep her from her passionrunning.This weekend she and a group of supporters gathered together and ran the Partner Re 5K route to raise a
19、wareness of ovarian cancer.She is a twoyear survivor.When she first received the surgery，one of her main concerns was when she could be able to run again.She was sent home to heal before returning for chemotherapy.“I came home，and never thought about cancer，” she said.“I thought Id just had surgery
20、and needed to heal.It wasnt until I went back and entered the chemotherapy room with my son that I really understood it was cancer.Then I really broke down.”During and after treatment she ran whenever she could.She even participated in racesalthough she sometimes had to run slower than she once did.
21、Eleven months after she was diagnosed with cancer she was feeling well.She had just started a new job before she was diagnosed again.When she first developed ovarian cancer，her symptoms had been back pain and lack of energy.This time，the only signs were high levels of ovarian cancer markers in her b
22、lood.“I went back to my doctor in tears，but apparently it is pretty common，” she said.Fifty per cent of women with early stage ovarian cancer will have a recurrence(复发) of it，and the rate goes up for women in the later stages.The Bermuda Cancer and Health Centre is recognizing September as Ovarian C
23、ancer Awareness Month.Wynn hopes it will help more women learn the symptoms and risk factors.“The symptoms are often masked and a lot of women dont know that if they have a close family member who had breast cancer，they are at the risk of ovarian cancer，” she said.“I had two sisters who had breast c
24、ancer.Every year I went for Pap smears.A Pap smear only shows up cervical cancer，it doesnt show ovarian cancer.We think we are doing all the right tests.Women should know if they have a history of breast cancer，they should have a regular internal ultrasound as well，in addition to a Pap smear.”1What
25、is the purpose of the passage above?AOvarian cancer is always being ignored.BWomen should raise their awareness of ovarian cancer.CWomen should be tested in September.DOvarian cancer is threatening your life.2How does the author describe Darnell Wynn in the passage?ACowardly. BIndifferent.CPositive.
26、 DIntelligent.3Realizing she would undergo chemotherapy _ADarnell Wynn thought she will heal soonBDarnell Wynn knew the seriousness of her illnessCDarnell Wynn believed she would have no futureDDarnell Wynn began to doubt the surgery she received4What did Darnell Wynn think of her recurrence of ovar
27、ian cancer?AShe felt well and was recovering smoothly.BShe thought more symptoms have stricken her.CShe felt worried about her health.DShe guessed the doctor was making jokes.BWhile waiting for the Boston Marathon to start，my boyfriend and I wondered why we would like to run these races.Running Bost
28、on is the highlight of many a runners career.Merely qualifying is an accomplishment.For example，I had to run the 26 miles and 385 yards faster than 3：35 to get in.Then theres the fact that its the oldest annual marathon in the world，and one of the six World Marathon Majors.I wasnt sure if Id ever ge
29、t the privilege to run it，but I made the cut last year in Los Angeles，by 39 seconds.After Eric，my boyfriend，went off in the first wave of age group racers at 10 am.，I followed in the second wave，20 minutes behind.Once it warmed up a bit，it was a glorious dayperfect for runningand my appreciation of
30、the Boston Marathon began to grow.I made good time during the first half of the race，but by mile 18 the pain had set in to my hips and knees.To post a good finish，I would have to try my best for the final 8.2 miles，using willpower and the cheers of the incredible crowds as my fuel.Throughout the rac
31、e，I kept amazed at the spectators goodwill.Then I remembered that Id been in their shoes beforeBoth roles are incredibly rewardingto give and receive support，to and from strangers.The finish line was a blur (模糊不清) as I ran across it just after 2 pm.，with a time of 3：43：36.Excited but exhausted，we ru
32、nners stumbled down Boylston Street to pick up water，food，blankets and medals.As we approached the yellow school buses that held our belongings，we heard the BOOM! We were concerned，but we didnt know what caused the two loud bombings a few blocks away.Maybe it was celebratory fireworks? Then we saw t
33、he smoke and knew something was wrong.I made my way out of the area and ran into Ericlucky because he was supposed to have waited for me in an area that was now inaccessible.Emergency vehicles raced by.We held onto each other tight and found our friends who had come to cheer us on.With little inform
34、ation about what was happening or what to do，we found our way to a T station to head back to Cambridge.Neither Eric nor I had our phones，but our friends did.They posted a photo of us to let everyone know we were okay.By the time we got back to the apartment where we were staying，Facebook was filled
35、with messages of concern from our friends.We quickly posted updates and received an outpouring of support.Eric and I both work for Facebook.Im sure we didnt fully realize its power until today.I was surrounded not just by real friends next to me，but also by hundreds more through Facebook.These Faceb
36、ook friends posted comments to our profiles，“liked” our status updates and sent me messages because they saw my name among a list of participants from Menlo Park and wanted to check on me.I returned to my question: Why run the Boston Marathon? Of course I love the feeling of accomplishment，but now i
37、t seems wrong to celebrate in the face of what happened.What seems right，though，is to celebrate the support and love that I felt and I saw，especially after the race was ruined by the violence.This is another reason why I run these races.After Monday，Im more convinced than ever that we should continu
38、e，and with even greater enthusiasm.So，see you at the next start line.5According to the author，the Boston Marathon is an event that _Aqualifies an athlete to be a professional marathon runnerBmost runners consider it a great success to participate inCadmits all runners who show great enthusiasm for m
39、arathonDtakes place every few years in the city of Boston6By saying “Id been in their shoes before ”，the author implied that _Ashe had been one incredible cheering spectator beforeBshe was once an excellent marathon runnerCshe had received much support from strangersDshe had played a rewarding role
40、in the Boston Marathon7The author and her boyfriend posted updates in Facebook as soon as they were back home in order to _Asatisfy the curiosity of their friends who were not on the spotBcelebrate their narrow escape from the horrible bombingCinform their friends that they are fortunate enough to s
41、urviveDset down their experience as witnesses to a terrorist attack8Which of the following statements is NOT true?AThe spectators cheers gave the author power to finish the second half of the race.BThe author forgot to take away her phone from a yellow school bus.CEven those who were on the marathon
42、 spot knew little about the bombing.DIt was partly because of friends support that the author decided to continue running.9Which of the following best describes the authors feelings that day?AExhausted and concerned.BHorrified but moved.CCold and indifferent.DCalm but sympathetic.C(2015温州第一次适应性测试)I
43、spent my childhood walking a fine line between being an energetic young boy and avoiding contact sports to protect my eyesight.I had lost the sight in one eye at the age of five，so instead of football，I put my energy into rowing and sailing.By the time I was 22，I was working towards rowing for my co
44、untry.Then，during a training session，I noticed my vision was unclear in my remaining eye.I had an operation and spent two weeks with bandages over my eyes.Sadly，it didnt work，and the second operation two months later was also a failure.My world came crashing down.I had been flying highas well as my
45、shining rowing career，I had been about to take my finals and get a job in the city.Now，as my fellow graduates celebrated their results，I lay in my childhood bedroom，angry.I would wake up in the morning and convince myself I could see a shadow，but I felt bitterly angry when I realized I couldnt.Previ
46、ously，I had lots of assumptions about blind people，but now I joined their ranks.I had no choice but to change my attitude.I started to realize that my challenge was not about seeing but about creating a new life for myself.The simple pleasure of just sitting in a caf and watching the world go by or
47、even making eye contact with anyone is no longer possible.I had to rethink how to engage with the world.As much as I disliked the things of blindnesswhite sticks，talking computers and guide dogsI welcomed these as the tools that would enable me to regain my independence.I moved out of my mums house
48、and got a job in entertainment.I also started seeking out projects that would help me get out and mix with people.A big part of my identity has always been about the thrill of competingsuccess and failure.I am excited when I am giving it my all，so I started to compete again，first in rowing and then
49、in extreme physical challenges such as completing six marathons in seven days in Gobi desert.Filling my life with experiences helped to sweep the blindness to one side.It took me 10 years really to deal with losing my sight.When I walked to the South Pole in 2009，the first blind person ever to go th
50、ere，standing shoulder to shoulder with sighted people，I felt “normal” again.But two years ago，my sense of “being normal” was challenged again.I was staying at a friends house when I fell out of a secondfloor window onto the ground below.I have no idea how it happenedI was just going to bed but ended
51、 up waking up in hospital.I hurt my brain，and my back in three places.I discovered that I couldnt feel my legs.Doctors said that there was a 12week period for sensation to return，and when this came and went with no change in my legs，I began to despair.I was due to get married，but on the day of our w
52、edding my fiance (未婚妻) was sitting by my bedside as I prepared for another operation to put metalwork in my back.Im still in a wheelchair，but I refuse to accept that my story ends here.I have got involved with a training program，which aims to redirect the nerve pathways in my legs through training.I
53、m now teaching myself to use sitskis and a handpowered bike.Im sure how Id manage emotionally without a sporting goal to drive myself forward.It has saved my life in a way.I may never win a gold medal，but that doesnt stop me trying.10Though the writer was a sports lover，he might be rarely involved i
54、n _Arunning Bskiing Cbiking Dboxing11After the second operation，the writer _Awas full of confidenceBfound a job in the cityClost his sight completelyDlay in bed sleeplessly12As a blind person，the writer was the first to _Awin a gold medalBfinish six marathons in seven daysCget to the South PoleDcomp
55、ete in extreme physical challenges13Having fallen out of a secondfloor window，the writer felt hopeless because _Ahis fiance broke away from himBhe didnt know how it took placeChe had to put metalwork in his backDhe might be unable to walk forever14According to the passage，which of the following is N
56、OT true?AThe writer totally lost his sight at the age of 22.BThe writer had two operations in all.CThe writer was a national rowing athlete.DThe writer is receiving treatment for his legs.15We can learn from the passage that _Athe writer is a person who never gives upBthe blindness has made the writ
57、er lose heartCwinning a gold medal is impossible for the writerDthe writer has never received any training in sports参考答案课时18阅读理解文体技法(1)记叙文高考经典练【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过养狗的经历告诉我们：当生活中出现不幸时，快乐的时刻表明未来仍然存着希望，所以永远不要对生活失去信心。1B细节理解题。根据第二段中的I dont have time to take care of a dog可知，作者不同意养狗的原因是她没有时间照看狗。故答案为B。2D句义猜测
58、题。根据前面的内容可知，在狗Misty眼里，small指的女儿，medium指的作者，large指的是丈夫，再结合从第二天起照看狗就成了作者的工作可知，这句话的意思是“女人在家庭中是友好而又值得信任的”。需要注意的是这句话是狗的心理活动。3A推理判断题。根据第三段可知，狗Misty从第一天就看明白了，女主人最可靠，由此可判断出这只狗是非常聪明的。其他三个选项找不到推断的依据。4B细节理解题。根据第六段，特别是最后一句话可知，这个故事发生重大转折是2007年乔生病了，一切都变了，作者不得不花大量的时间照看丈夫。5C细节判断题。根据第八段第二、三句话可知，遛狗可以给作者心理上带来安慰，帮助她消除内
59、心的烦恼。6C目的意图题。最后一段最后一句话是作者在这篇文章中所要传达的信息：快乐的时刻表明未来仍然存着希望。能力提升练【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Darnell Wynn被确诊患有卵巢癌，但是她依然能乐观地对待疾病，她用跑步的方式唤起人们对卵巢癌的认识。1B主旨大意题。作者通过患卵巢癌的Darnell Wynn的例子引出关于卵巢癌的话题，通过文章的内容可知，这篇文章的目的是提高人们对卵巢癌的认识。故选B。2C推理判断题。依据文章第二段可知，她第一次手术之后最关心的问题是自己什么时候能够跑步，再结合文中的“never thought about cancer”可知，这位患者是一个很乐观的人。
60、故选C。3B细节理解题。依据文章第二段末尾的内容可知，直到Darnell Wynn在儿子的陪伴下接受化疗时，她才意识到自己得了癌症，然后崩溃了。故选B。4C细节理解题。依据文章第四段中的“I went back to my doctor in tears”可知，她知道自己癌症复发的时候，很担心自己的身体状况。故选C。【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。波士顿马拉松恐怖爆炸事件震惊世界。作者以一名马拉松参赛者的身份真实记录了恐怖事件给人们带来的恐慌。同时，来自亲朋及网友的关怀也让她坚定了继续奔跑在马拉松赛道上的决心。5B考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句“Merely qualifying is an acc
61、omplishment.”可知，仅仅获得该赛事的参赛资格就足以成为运动员的巨大成就。故B项正确。6A考查细节理解。由第二段画线句的前一句可知，作者在比赛全程都惊讶于观众的热情，并且想起以前自己也曾和他们一样是热情观众。故A项符合题意。7C考查细节理解。结合第三段和第五段内容可知，由于作者及其男友的手机放在一辆黄色校车上，无法拿走，他们的朋友便帮助他们上传照片以向亲朋好友报平安。回到家后，两人立即更新社交网络，目的在于告知朋友们他们幸免于难。故C项正确。8B考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句“As we approached the yellow school buses that held our
62、 belongings”可知，参赛运动员携带的物品放在一辆黄色校车上，当作者去车上拿物品时听到爆炸声，所以来不及取回车上的手机，并非忘记去拿。故答案为B项。9B考查推理判断。由全文内容推断，作者亲历了波士顿马拉松比赛现场的恐怖爆炸案，受到一定的惊吓，然而亲朋及网友的关怀又让她感动。故B项正确。【语篇解读】作者以第一人称叙述了自己的经历。通读这篇文章，我们感受到了作者是一个身残志坚的人。他永不言弃，经过种种努力、奋斗和挑战，使自己过上像正常人一样的生活，并取得了一定的成就。10D考查细节理解。从第三段中的“so I started to compete again，first in rowing
63、 and then in extreme physical challenges such as completing six marathons in seven days in Gobi desert”可知，他参加过马拉松赛，故A项“跑步”包含在内；再根据最后一段中的“Im now teaching myself to use sitskis and a handpowered bike.”可见B项和C项的运动都有谈到。只有D项“拳击”没有涉及，故答案是D项。11C考查细节理解。在文章的第二段中讲到他的第二次手术失败“the second operation two months late
64、r was also a failure”，再根据第三段第一句话可知，第二次手术后，作者完全失明了。故答案为C项。12C考查细节理解。根据第四段中“When I walked to the South Pole in 2009，the first blind person ever to go there”可知，作者是第一个到达南极的盲人。所以答案为C项。13D考查细节理解。从文章第五段的末尾“when this came and went with no change in my legs，I began to despair”可以知道，作者从二楼窗户掉下来后，感到绝望的原因是腿没有恢复知觉，可能会导致永远失去走路的能力。所以选D项。14B考查细节理解。根据文章内容可知，作者做过两次眼部手术和两次腿部手术，所以总共做了四次手术。B项错误。15A考查推理判断。阅读全文可知，作者在5岁的时候，一只眼睛失明了，但他不放弃。在他第二只眼睛失明后，他仍然开始新生活，经历了10年的磨练，克服了失明的障碍。到后来腿摔残了，他却仍不向命运低头。所以，本文表达了作者不屈不挠，永不言弃的品质。故答案是A。