1、单元素养提升(二) Unit 2. 语法填空1. Since the ban came into effect on July 1, 2018, we all citizens have obeyed (obey)it strictly. 2. They came home sound and safe, to which we expressed our satisfaction(satisfy). 3. I am awfully (awful)sorry to hear that a horrible and severe earthquake unexpectedly hit your
2、hometown. 4. We offered medical supplies and teams to many other countries with affection. 5. The girl got alarmed(alarm) at the sight of a snake and screamed loudly. 6. The little boy stayed at home without his parents company(accompany). 7. The local government declared (declare)that all the commu
3、nities were to be closed in March 2020. 8. Their task is to scan (scan)all the luggage which will be put on the plane. 9. An old man fell on the ground and many people standing around helped him and called 120 with sympathy. 10. The girl was left alone in the room, weeping (weep) bitterly. . 单句改错1.
4、The manager attending the course was junior my friend. (junior后加to)2. We were all in favour of the plan, but he declared for it, which surprised us all. (for改为against)3. It was satisfied that the topic of some reading materials were interesting. (satisfied改为satisfying) 4. The idea is to test on new
5、driverless car innovations in a human-free environment. (on改为out)5. The professor often sets out some time in class so that students can speak out their puzzles. (第一个out改为aside)6. I always fall over on the ground, as a result of which I thought I had no talent in skating. (in改为for)7. The government
6、declared a war against illegal hunters. (去掉a)8. The nations elderly population is bound to expanding significantly over the next 50 years. (expanding改为expand)9. He played a tall, elegant dressed man with a mustache in the film. (elegant改为elegantly)10. Im greatly convinced that most people have the d
7、esire spend their life in happiness. (desire后加to ). 完成句子1. We should guide young people to be in favor of heroes. 我们应当指导年轻人喜欢英雄。2. Foreigners envy us having such a caring and strong government. 外国人羡慕我们有这样一个有爱心的和强大的政府。3. Before the lecture, he is used to testing out the whole experiment. 讲课前, 他习惯于把整个
8、实验测试一下。4. With no one accompanying her on the piano, she danced wonderfully. 尽管没人用钢琴为她伴奏, 她依然跳得很美。5. It was not until the end of this month that he recovered and got out of hospital. 直到本月底, 他才康复出院。6. There will be a meeting this evening, at which they can talk about the benefits of volunteer activit
9、ies. 今晚将有一个会议, 会上他们讨论志愿活动的益处。7. Copying others homework too often, we will lose our ability to think. 太频繁地抄袭别人的作业, 我们就会失去思考的能力。8. It is absurd that they should deny receiving the relief supplies. 荒谬的是他们竟然否认接收了这些救援物资。. 阅读理解A(2020重庆高二检测)There are many programs for high school students today that help
10、lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only an issue for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly. In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. This is the
11、first time such a position has been created. In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt so
12、cially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population lives alone, more than 50 percent are unmarried. Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease, overweight, and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular(分子)level
13、 that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health! In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue a
14、nd fund a charityan organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts towards aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely! The possibilities for the new Minister of Lone
15、liness are endless. For example, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of being a social issue that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore,
16、government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了孤独对健康有很不好的影响, 英国任命孤独部长来解决人们的孤独问题。1. How does the author develop Paragraph 3? A. By listing some statistics. B. By giving examples of lonely people. C. By pointing out similaritie
17、s and differences. D. By comparing different cultures in different countries. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“20 percent”、“14 percent”及“more than 25 percent”等信息可知, 第三段是用列举数据的方法发展的, 故A项正确。2. The underlined word “equivalent” in Paragraph 4 probably means _. A. relevantB. similarC. oppositeD. superior【解析】选B。词义猜测题
18、。根据画线词后的“smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health! ”可知, 医生认为孤独对健康的影响相当于每天吸15支烟, 由此可知画线词词义为“相似的”, 故B项正确。3. What will the Minister of Loneliness do? A. Do housework for lonely people. B. Develop friendships with the elderly. C. Help fund charities to aid lonely people. D. Commun
19、icate with anxious school students. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“. . . will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charity. . . towards aiding loneliness. ”可知, 英国的孤独部长通过资助慈善机构来帮助孤独的人, 故C项正确。4. What is the main idea of the text? A. UK becomes the capital of loneliness. B. Loneliness aff
20、ects old peoples life worldwide. C. Many teenagers suffer from loneliness. D. UKs Minister of Loneliness settles loneliness. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容, 特别是根据第二段中的“Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. ”可知, 本文介绍了英国任命孤独部长来解决人们
21、的孤独问题, 故D项正确。BIf youre feeling overwhelmed by all the features and apps available on smart phones these days and miss the good old days when mobile phones were simple communication tools, youll probably love Light Phone 2, a stylish “ dumb phone” designed to remove time-wasting distractions(使人分心的事物)
22、 from your life. The original Light mobile phone could only be used to make and take phone calls, but its creators recently decided that in order to improve its usefulness while still keeping users safe from smart phone distractions, it needed a few extra features. They recently announced Light Phon
23、e 2 is just as tiny and stylish as the original ones, but also features text messaging functions and an alarm clock. Data from company Flurry shows that people in the US spend around five hours a day on their smart phones, while a study from the firm Asurion found that Americans check their phones a
24、n average of 80 times per day. Those are some pretty alarming numbers, and to make matters worse, scientists report that too much screen time has a bad effect on our brains, especially those of children. Light Phone 2 will never replace your Apple phone, but it can at least help you mitigate the eff
25、ects of smart phone addiction by allowing you to “go light” every once in a while. You can stay in touch with the important people in your life, but youll be free from the apps distracting you from the wonders of the colorful world. But becoming free of smart phone distractions doesnt come cheap. Th
26、e Light Phone 2 is expected to be priced at around $400, which is far more expensive than some smart phones. However, a lot of people seem to think the phone and what it promises to do are worth the price, as evidenced by the success of Lights latest crowd funding(众筹) campaign. With 24 days left unt
27、il deadline, the company has already raised $360, 000, blowing past its $250, 000 goal. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Light Phone 2一款时髦的“哑巴手机”, 旨在消除你生活中的干扰, 将你从那些分散你注意力的应用程序中解脱出来。5. Why did the creators of Light Phone 2 decide to add a few extra features to it? A. To increase its price. B. To improve its image
28、. C. To make it more useful. D. To make it free from distractions. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中. . . its creators recently decided that in order to improve its usefulness . . . a few extra features. (它的发明者最近决定, 为了提高它的实用性, 同时让用户免受智能手机的干扰, 它需要一些额外的功能。)可知Light Phone 2的开发者决定给它增加一些额外的功能, 是为了让它更有用。故选C。6. What do F
29、lurry and Asurion discover? A. Americans heavily depend on the smart phone. B. Americans life cant live without smart phones. C. Americans are enthusiastic about real-life communication. D. American kids brains are being greatly damaged by smart phones. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句: Flurry公司的数据显示, 美国人每天花在智
30、能手机上的时间约为5个小时, 而Asurion公司的一项研究发现, 美国人平均每天查看手机80次。可知Flurry和Asurion发现美国人非常依赖智能手机。故选A。7. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Overcome. B. Understand. C. Reduce. D. Avoid. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据下文the effects of smart phone addiction by allowing you to “go light” every once
31、 in a while可知Light Phone 2永远不会取代苹果手机, 但它至少可以帮助你减轻智能手机上瘾的影响。故可推测划线单词意思为“减少; 减轻”。8. What is implied about Light Phone 2 in the last paragraph? A. It is too expensive to afford. B. It is sure to be a great success. C. More money is needed to improve it. D. The public hold a positive attitude toward it.
32、 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中倒数第二句: 然而, 许多人似乎认为这款手机及其承诺的功能物有所值, Light最新的众筹活动的成功就证明了这一点。可知公众对Light Phone 2持积极态度。【技巧点拨】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一, 可以大致分为定义猜词, 可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或thats to say, such as等。逻辑猜词, 可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义, 例如, similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other ha
33、nd, since , because等, 所猜词与这些提示词前/后部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。语法猜词, 可以根据构词法, 再结合上下文进行猜词。语境猜词, 猜测词义离不开上下文的语境, 通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析, 同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容, 做题时要注意指代词的位置, 以便于判断, 然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词, 核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致, 最后比较所找部分与选项, 确定意思最接近的选项。. 阅读填句(2020宜昌高二检测)Evaluating Sources of health
34、 InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate f
35、acts from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good
36、 science. Think about the type of study. 2Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully und
37、erstand it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). 5Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and ins
38、piration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A. Make choices that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C.
39、Be sure to work through the critical questionsD. And examine the findings of the original research. E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you
40、sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何鉴别一些健康信息, 如依靠原始的信息源、注意区别误导性的信息等。1. 【解析】选G。承上启下过渡句。根据上文的几个how to表明, 你如何做出选择。G项中有: 下面这些建议可以帮助你整理从常见来源获得的健康信息。2. 【解析】选D。结尾句。根据本段小标题Go to the original source(找到信息的源头)根据关键词定位可对应到D选项中original research. D项表示“并检查原始研究的
41、结果。”符合语境。故选D。3. 【解析】选F。注释性句子。通过小标题“警惕误导语言”以及下文Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. (仔细阅读或听信息, 以便充分理解它。)可知, 要注意信息的欺骗性, 作者的观点也可能错误地解释了信息。故选F。4. 【解析】选B。注释性句子。根据该段的小标题“Use your common sense”以及Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements(特别要注意广告中的信息
42、)可知建议我们要注意广告中的一些信息, 广告的目的就是诱导你买东西。故选B。5. 【解析】选A。主旨概括句。根据下文“但我们每个人都需要找到一个服务于我们的、健康的生活方式。”可知, 要做出适合自己的选择。故选A。. 短文改错Last Saturday, I went on journey by train. There were such many passengers that not everyone could get a seat. Many people had to stand, which was really tired. I had a reserved seat so I
43、 could sit comfortable. In front of my seat is a woman with two little kids. With the kid squeezing into their single seat, she had to stand up all the way. So I moved a bit but shared my seat with her. The woman felt very grateful to my selflessness. Seeing her beautiful smile, I also smiled. Share
44、 increased happiness! 答案: 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者上周六乘坐火车去旅行时的故事。1. 【解析】第一句中的on后添加a。考查冠词。固定短语go on a journey意为“去旅行”中间需要冠词, 故on后添加a。2. 【解析】第二句中的such改为so。考查固定句式。many前用so, 与that构成so. . . that. . . 句型, 表示“如此以至于”, 故such改为so。3. 【解析】第三句中的tired改为tiring。考查形容词。根据句意可知, 此处表示上文“站着”这个动作是“令人累的”, 所以用tiring。4. 【解析】第四句中的c
45、omfortable改为comfortably。考查副词。sit为动词, 应该用副词修饰, 故comfortable改为comfortably。5. 【解析】第五句中的is改为was。考查动词时态。故事介绍过去的事情, 应该用一般过去时, 故is改为was。6. 【解析】第六句中的kid改为kids。考查名词的数。kid为可数名词, 由下文their可知, 这里kid用复数形式。故kid改为kids。7. 【解析】第六句去掉up。考查介词。根据句意可知, 那位妈妈是一直站立着, 而stand up只是表示瞬间的动作“站起来”, 不能和all the way连用。故去掉up。8. 【解析】第七句
46、中的but改为and。考查连词。根据句意可知两个动词之间是并列关系而非转折关系。故把but改为and。9. 【解析】第八句中的to改为for。考查介词。固定短语be grateful to sb. for sth. 意为“因而感激某人”, 故to改为for。10. 【解析】第十句中的Share改为Sharing。考查非谓语动词。Share在句中作主语应该用动名词形式, 意为“分享”, 故Share改为Sharing。. 微写作根据下面内容写一篇80词左右的短文。David是一家公司资历浅的职员。尽管很认真地努力工作, 他仍然有一大堆干不完的工作。甚至周末也不能休息。他多么羡慕别人有周末假期!
47、他渴望周末和家人一起到海边度假。幸运的是, 同事很同情他, 并尽可能抽出时间来帮他。核心要点提示: a junior workerpiles of workshow sympathy for. . . set aside some time_【参考范文】David was a junior worker in a company. Although he took his work seriously, he still had piles of work waiting for him. Even he had to work at weekends without any rest. Ho
48、w he envied others having holidays at weekends and he desired to spend the weekend holiday on the beach with his family. Fortunately, his workmates showed sympathy for him and tried to set aside some time to help him. 【补偿训练】(2020银川高二检测)The Winners Guide to SuccessDo you know what makes people succes
49、sful? To find out the answers , an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people around the world. 1 Be responsible for yourselfSometimes you may want to blame others for your failure to get ahead . In fact , when you say someone or something outside of yourself is stopping yo
50、u from making success, youre giving away your own power. 2Write a planIt is very difficult to try to get what you want without a good plan. It is just like trying to drive through strange roads to a city far away. 3 Without this“map”, you may waste your time, money and also your energy; while with t
51、he“map”, youll enjoy the“trip” and get what you want in the shortest possible time. Be willing to pay the price4So you must be ready to work hardeven harder than you have ever done. If you are not willing to pay the price, you wont get anything valuable. 5It seems to us that everyone knows this. But
52、 it is easier said than done. When you are doing something, you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success , but giving up means the death of hope. A. Never give up. B. Nothing is easy to get. C. A good plan is like a map to you.
53、D. Here are some keys to success that they give. E. Some people achieve success much later in life. F. Youre saying, “You have more control over my life than I do. ”G. Someone elses opinion of you doesnt have to become your reality. 【文章大意】文章介绍了一些成功的秘诀。1. 【解析】选D。过渡句。第一段段尾, 既要引起下文, 又要总结第一段。D项中的they指代s
54、uccessful people, 同时又引起下文的几个秘诀。2. 【解析】选F。段尾句。根据空格前的语境: “你把失败归咎于他人”可知, 此处指归咎他人的结果是阻止自己成功。F项是对归咎他人的解释, 就是他人更能掌控你的成功。符合语境。3. 【解析】选C。注释性句子。根据下文的map可知, 此处是计划就像地图一样, 没有计划会浪费时间、财力等, 因此选C。4. 【解析】选B。主题句。根据小标题及本段内容可知, 不付出努力就得不到有价值的东西, 因此推出没有任何东西是容易得到的。5. 【解析】选A。主旨概括句(小标题)。填小标题, 根据上面几个句式用的是祈使句, 以及本段最后提到“放弃比失败更糟糕”, 可知, 不要放弃是这段的主旨大意。