1、课时提能练(三十六) 选修8Unit 1A land of diversityA：知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)The presidential 1election (elect) will take place next month, which appeals to as many as five 2applicants (apply) for candidates. It is generally accepted that the competition is 3apparently (apparent) more fierce than usual. There are cl
2、ear 4distinctions (distinct) among their ruling ideas. The 5majority (major) of the voters are in favor of the Democratic candidate. There is every 6indication (indicate) that he has more 7thoughtful (thought) ideas about improving peoples livelihood. Besides, he holds an attitude that any 8racial (
3、race) discrimination should be forbidden.B(考查动词)Ma Xianfu 9was elected (elect) as head of township in 1987To lead the villagers to get rich, he even had hairs 10shaved (shave) off to show his determination. He was one of those who first 11grasped (grasp) the countrys policy of opening up to the outs
4、ide world. By 12reforming (reform) the management system, the local companies were booming. Unfortunately, an accident 13occurred (occur), in which Ma Xianfu lost his life. That day, he 14slipped (slip) on the icy road, and then a car ran him over. People from all sides gathered 15to mourn (mourn) t
5、he outstanding leader. After his death, many companies began to slide, 16hiring (hire) fewer and fewer workers. The story 17indicates (indicate) that a good leader plays a vital role in local economic development.C(考查句型)Jack likes exploring the Amazon in Brazil, but he never takes chances; thats 18w
6、hy he has survived while most of his partners havent. He prefers 19to make(make) careful plans in advance rather than risk his life to do things that are bound to fail. Last week, Jack began another trip to the Amazon. First he arrived in 20what is known as Manaus, a city where 21it is believed that
7、 some places of interest are well worth a visit. Province Palace is one of them. 22Built (build) in 1874, this building used to serve as police headquarters. Today, it is home to several different organizations. Jack felt like 23dropping (drop) in at this building before his boat tour to the Amazon.
8、语境短文改错(短文中有7处错误)Chinese people first came to America in early 1800s, working as miners or railway builders. Life was tough, but gradually they settled down in America and made a life for them. In some cities, they formed what were later to be know as “Chinatowns”， where they kept up with their custo
9、ms and traditions. Taking a helicopter, you can get a good views of these Chinatowns. Now a greatly many Chinese immigrants have chosen to settle in the “Chinatowns”. The spirits of the Chinese pioneers hard struggle will live on in the hearts of those who is to follow.【答案】Chinese people first came
10、to America in early 1800s, working as miners or railway builders. Life was tough, but gradually they settled down in America and made a life for . In some cities, they formed what were later to be as “Chinatowns”， where they kept up their customs and traditions. Taking a helicopter, you can get a go
11、od of these Chinatowns. Now a many Chinese immigrants have chosen to settle in the “Chinatowns”. The spirits of the Chinese pioneers hard struggle will live on in the hearts of those who to follow.根据提示补全句子 1这个国家的大部分人都住在这个地区。The majority of the population in the country lives/live in this area.2我仍然记得
12、第一次见到珍妮弗的那一天。I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.3我到家的时候，妈妈已经把晚饭做好了。By the time I got home，my mother had already finished cooking supper.4据说中秋节那天的月亮是最大最圆的。Its said that the moon is the biggest and brightest on the MidAutumn Day.5大声朗读对我们学习外语来说是非常重要的。Reading aloud is very important for
13、us to learn a foreign language.B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2020开封市高三模拟)The bus stops in the Dutch city of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical.Now，316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city，while also storing rainwater，catching dust，and providing some much needed shade during the
14、hot months.This project is good for the honeybee population that is attracted to the plants on the roof.To keep up this successful ecosystem，municipal workers drive around in electric cars，taking care of the mini gardens.Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the imp
15、roved air quality.Smoking，cars，and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breathe.These ecofriendly public spaces act as an air purifier (净化器) for urban people，though humans arent the only group that benefits from them.Utrecht has also made great efforts towards moving their transportation
16、system away from gasguzzling (耗油的) buses.The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses and plans to have only CO2inactive buses on the roads by 2028The buses have a system that records the drivers efficiency and comfort levels.Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable
17、 the ride is.The city is also one of the most bicyclefriendly places in the world.Roads have been redesigned for cyclists convenience and there is a new stateoftheart bicycle parking area that is located beneath Utrechts central train station.Utrecht offers incentives(奖励)to keep citizens energized a
18、nd motivated to live greener lives.Therere even incentives for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too.Achieving the goals of an ecofriendly city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to protect our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市对公共交通系统的改造情况。该市通过改造公交车站、使用电动公交车等手段，以进一步减少公交系统
19、对环境带来的负面影响。1What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht?AThey are ecofriendly.BThey can save a lot of energy.CThey are artificially intelligent.DThey can provide power for buses.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality”可知，该市的
20、车站的特别之处在于其非常环保，故选A。2What can we infer about the changes to the transportation system in Utrecht?ANot all buses are gasguzzling at present.BGasguzzling cars have been completely replaced.COnly electric private cars are allowed on the roads.DBuses have air purifiers fixed on them.A推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“The
21、 city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses”可知，该市已经将10辆耗油的公交车换成了电动公交车。由此可以推测出，当前并不是所有的公交车都是耗油的车，故选A。3What might passengers comment on the bus service in Utrecht?ABuses are always too crowded.BBuses are often behind schedule.CBuses are too big for redesigned roads.DBuses are generally
22、 comfortable and safe.D推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is”可知，司机可以根据所提供的乘车服务的安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此可以推测出，乘客可能会对公交服务表示感到安全与舒适，故选D。4What are people living in Utrecht encouraged to do?AGive up smoking.BCreate gardens on their roofs.CPaint their roofs green.DCons
23、ume more honey.B细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Therere even incentives for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too”可知，该市还有为将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶的人们提供的奖励。由此可知，B项符合文意。B(2020深圳市普通高中第二次测试)East Africa is experiencing the worst desert locust(蝗虫) outbreak in decades.Climate events have accelerated the breeding of the pe
24、st across the region，and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks，urgent actions and funds are needed to prevent a human crisis.Twenty million people in six of the eight East African countries most affected by an ongoing desert locust outbreak are at risk of serious food
25、insecurity.Considered among the most destructive of moving pests，an adult locust can consume 2g of plants per day，affecting crops and grasslands.A group typically holds 20 to 150 million locusts per square kilometer and can move hundreds of kilometers per day，invading areas covering millions of squa
26、re kilometers.An active group，therefore，can destroy crops and grasslands within a very short period of time.That global warming could increase the risk of the desert locust crisis was proposed over ten years ago，and in February，the UN SecretaryGeneral Antnio Guterres stated that the current outbreak
27、 is linked to the effects of climate changewarmer seas mean more cyclones(旋风) generating the perfect breeding ground for locusts.The outbreak has its origins in 2018，when a series of cyclones in the Arabian Peninsula(阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet conditions the desert locust requires for breeding
28、in remote regions.Though our focus here is migration west，dreadful outbreaks of the desert locust have been experienced to the east.The situation is going out of control.A rescue operation and financial support need no delay.The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has put an immediate price tag
29、of US $138 million for rapid response and immediate actioncontrolling the spread of the desert locust and safeguarding livelihoods.They say the maths is clear：about half the funding is needed for supervision，ground and sky control，and uniting efforts；the other half is needed for livelihoods and food
30、 security of farmers.They have called on the international community to act now through funding.However，by the end of February，just US $69 million had been promised.This most alarming crisis has developed and is worsening in East Africa.The funds needed to control the situation become very difficult
31、 to achieve and the gap is a big concern.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况及蝗灾的其他相关情况。5Why does the crisis happen in East Africa?AThere is a big population there.BThere are large deserts and grasslands.CAfrica lies to west of the Arabian Peninsula.DClimate good for breeding plays a role.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Cl
32、imate events have accelerated the breeding of the pest across the region，and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks”及第三段中的“the UN SecretaryGeneral Antnio Guterres stated that the current outbreak is linked to the effects of climate changewarmer seas mean more cyclones(旋
33、风)generating the perfect breeding ground for locusts”可知，有利于蝗虫繁殖的气候发挥了作用。故选D。6Why does the writer list those figures in Para.2?ATo warn of the terrible damage caused by locusts.BTo help us understand how locusts live.CTo show how many locusts there are now.DTo draw a picture of present Africa.A推理判断题。
34、根据第二段中列举的数据可以看出，东非蝗灾影响的国家多、人数多及蝗灾的危害大。由此可推知，作者列举那些数据的目的是告知蝗虫造成的严重破坏。故选A。7What can we know from the text?AThe crisis is not noticed until recently.BMore money is needed to prevent the crisis.CThe crisis has been the focus of the world.DLocusts are all from the Arabian Peninsula.B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The Foo
35、d and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has put an immediate price tag of US $138 million” “However，by the end of February，just US $69 million had been promised”并结合最后一段的内容可知，抗击蝗灾需要很多资金，然而，资金缺口却非常大。故选B。8Which is the best title for the text?AKilling locusts before too lateBGlobal warming，a world problemC
36、The funding gap for the locust crisisDAfrica，a crisisstricken placeC标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了东非蝗灾的抗灾资金严重短缺的情况以及导致蝗灾爆发的因素和其带来的严重后果。故C项最适合作本文标题。.完形填空(2020合肥市第二次教学质量检测)Anxiety is a weight that I have always carried.Once，in my first grade，I had to read a book to the whole class.With 1 ，I walked up to the fro
37、nt slowly.I hadnt 2 it to the second page when the tears started from my eyes.I tried to 3 ，but my teachers glare kept me rooted to the seat.Since then the front of the classroom has stayed a major 4 of stress for me.Later，I was 5 a bad situation.I was consumed with 6 whenever I prepared for a prese
38、ntation.I 7 got sleepless，worrying about the quality.I simply 8 the reality until the last minute.When a teacher 9 a project，I also got nervous，but not for the same 10 as my classmates.They feared the hard work，while I was terrified of walking to the front to 11 It was funny that one single emotion
39、12 a complete disaster for me.It doesnt sound so 13 everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear! 14 ，social anxiety isnt just a fear of public speaking.For someone，taking a test or making a decision to quit a group can 15 anxiety.For me，anxiety is being 16 of trying new things b
40、ecause if I dont know what to expect，I might make a fool of myself，which is worse than a 17 life，at least in the moment.My familys love saved me.After accepting that this is just me，I didnt 18 .And I also made some friends in my class.Now，I raise my hand，even when I lack 19 in my answer.And I partic
41、ipate in class，even if it is in a more 20 manner than others.And what matters is that Im now improving little by little.【语篇解读】焦虑一直困扰着作者。焦虑本来是一种正常的情绪，人人都有，但是对于作者来讲那就是个灾难。本文主要讲述了作者如何被焦虑所困扰，以及如何认清自我，逐步自我改善的故事。1A.happinessBconfusionCunwillingnessDsurpriseC根据上一句中的“I had to”可推知，作者当时很不情愿，与空后的“I walked up t
42、o the front slowly”和下文中的“when the tears started from my eyes”呼应。2A.madeBpushedCcountedDgotA作者还没翻到第二页，眼泪就流了下来。make it to.“成功抵达”。3A.stopBleaveCsmileDrepeatB根据该句中的“but my teachers glare kept me rooted to the seat”以及上文提到作者的不情愿可推知，作者当时眼泪都掉下来了，想离开，但是老师示意“我”留在那里。4A.sourceBlossCsignDeffectA经过这次经历后，教室前面的位置给作
43、者留下了阴影，成了作者压力之根源所在。source“来源”符合语境。5A.curious aboutBsensitive toCcareful withDstuck inD根据上文中的“Anxiety is a weight that I have always carried”可推知，作者后来深陷这种焦虑和压力的泥潭不能自拔。be stuck in“陷入”。6A.angerBguiltCanxietyDregretC根据下一句中的“got sleepless，worrying about the quality”可推知，作者后来只要一准备展示就会深感焦虑，甚至到了失眠的程度。7A.yetBa
44、gainCstillDevenD参看上题解析。8A.changedBignoredCconfirmedDrememberedB作者焦虑到躲避现实，直到最后一分钟才去面对。ignore“忽视”。9A.finishedBannouncedCfinancedDcancelledB根据下文中的“They feared the hard work”并结合选项可推知，当老师宣布一项专题研究时，作者也感到紧张。10A.reasonBpurposeCbenefitDthreatA根据下文中的“They feared the hard work，while I was terrified of walking
45、to the front to _”可推知，此处陈述的是作者和别的同学们对老师所宣布的专题研究感到担忧的原因不同。11A.whisperBdanceCpresentDreplyC根据上文中的“whenever I prepared for a presentation”，并结合本空前的“walking to the front”可推知，作者害怕的不是准备专题研究的辛苦而是去教室前展示自己。12A.heldBputCbrokeDseemedD奇怪的是一种单一的情绪对于作者来讲似乎是一种灾难。这与上文提到的作者一做展示就焦虑不安的状况呼应。13A.awfulBfamiliarCpracticalD
46、naturalA根据该句中的“everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear”可推知，这听起来并没有什么可怕的，每一个人都会焦虑，而且公开演讲是最令人害怕的。awful“可怕的”。14A.ThereforeBMoreoverCHoweverDOtherwiseC根据上句中的“everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear”和本句中的“social anxiety isnt just a fear of public speaking
47、”可推知，该处表示逻辑上的转折关系。15A.reduceBcauseChandleDremoveB对于某些人来讲，参加一场考试或者做出一个退出某个组织的决定都可能导致焦虑。16A.fondBawareCproudDscaredD根据上文中的“the number one fear”可推知，对于作者来讲，焦虑就是恐惧尝试新事物。17A.boringBsuccessfulCbusyDprivateA根据本句中的“worse”，并结合选项可推知，此处指比原本就枯燥无聊的生活更糟。18A.show offBgive upCget alongDset outB根据下一句“And I also made
48、some friends in my class”，并结合该句中的“After accepting that this is just me”可推知，作者认清了自己的性格之后，并没有因为自己的缺点而放弃，而是逐步地自我改善，这与下文中的“Im now improving little by little”呼应。19A.assistanceBinterestCexperienceDconfidenceD根据该句中的“even”并结合选项可推知，作者现在即使在对答案并不那么自信的情况下也举手发言。20A.professionalBaggressiveCreservedDconsistentC根据上文可知，作者很害怕公开演讲，社交时也会焦虑，由此可推知，作者在参与班级活动时，比其他同学更矜持。reserved“矜持的，内向的”，故选C。aggressive“侵略的，好斗的”；consistent“始终如一的，一致的”。