1、限时规范练35(选修6Unit 18A)核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、克隆科技的素养能力意识限时规范练第70页一、阅读理解AThe news that researchers have used cloning to make human embryos for the purpose of producing stem cells may have some people wondering if it would ever be possible to clone a person.Although it would be immoral,experts say it is likel
2、y biologically possible to clone a human being.Since the 1950s when researchers cloned a frog,scientists have cloned dozens of animal species,including mice,cats,sheep,pigs and cows.With mice,researchers are able to use thousands of eggs,and conduct many experiments,to work out these problems.“Its a
3、 numbers game,” said Dr.Robert Lanza,the chief scientific officer at a biotech company.“But with primates (灵长类动物),eggs are very precious,and it is not easy to get them to conduct experiments.”In addition,researchers cant simply apply what theyve learned from cloning mice or cows to cloning people.Cl
4、oning an animal requires that researchers remove proteins that are necessary to help cells divide.In mice,this isnt a problem,because the embryo that is created is able to make these proteins again.But primates arent able to do this,and researchers think it may be one reason that attempts to clone m
5、onkeys have failed.Whats more,cloned animals often have different kinds of abnormalities.These abnormalities are common because cloned embryos have just one parent rather than two,which means that a process known as “imprinting (印记)” does not occur properly in cloned embryos.“Problems with imprintin
6、g can result in extremely large embryos,which leads to problems with blood flow for the baby,” Lanza said.“The extremely high rate of death and the developmental abnormalities from cloning make cloning people immoral.Its like sending your baby up in a rocket knowing theres a 50-50 chance that its go
7、ing to explode.”【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物克隆及人类克隆面临的难题。1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Animal cloning is illegal.B.Human cloning is possible.C.Human embryos may have new functions.D.Animal embryos can be used for medicine.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“experts say it is likely biologically possible to clone a
8、human being”可知,人体克隆具有可能性。2.How does the author develop Paragraph 2?A.By making comparisons.B.By showing processes.C.By offering analyses.D.By using statistics.答案A解析写作手法题。第二段比较了老鼠和灵长类动物做克隆实验的不同点。3.How were the experiments on cloning monkeys?A.They have solved the problem with proteins.B.They have bee
9、n applied to human cloning.C.They were successful.D.They were in trouble.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“primates arent able to do this,and researchers think it may be one reason that attempts to clone monkeys have failed”可推断,对猴子进行的实验遇到了困境。BIn beautiful rural Montana can be found the town of Livingston.It is clo
10、se to Yellowstone National Park,which makes it a tourist center.Outdoor enthusiasts gather here each year.Low-income families are more likely to face food insecurity.Around half the students in the Livingston School District qualify for free or reduced-price lunches,according to local educator Racha
11、el Jones,known as “Farmer Jones.” She is the director of the Livingston Farm to School program,which uses the districts two greenhouses and four gardens to grow food that supplements school meals while offering kids hands-on lessons.Jones said,“In many places around the country,if you cant pay for y
12、our school meal,you dont eat.Well,here,we dont turn anyone away.”The towns school district and community members started the program eight years ago.Its part of the National Farm to School Network,which aims to increase access to local food and nutrition education across the country.Jones,who attend
13、ed public school in Livingston as a kid,has headed up the local program since 2014.Farm to School enriches the curriculum in all of the schools through garden lessons,cafeteria and kitchen lessons,and classroom lessons.Research has shown that healthy school meals can improve academic performance,inc
14、luding improved test scores.Though the Farm to School program is not aimed only at lower-income students,Jones said such kids are more likely to eat lunch provided by the school.Eventually she wants to get healthy,affordable meals on the plates of every child in Livingston.It is important for kids t
15、o understand where their food comes from.Thats a life-changing experience for them.Jones said,“When I grew up a big force in my life was my grandma Ethel.She taught me from a really early age the value of growing your own food.I worked in her gardens with her,and somehow,through all of those experie
16、nces eating her tomatoes and canning pickles (把腌菜装罐保存) with her it really built up my trust and knowledge in food systems.Im so thankful for her!”【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了利文斯顿小镇的农场入校项目。该项目既解决了贫困学生的伙食问题,又给学生们提供了亲近自然,了解自然的机会。4.Who is “Farmer Jones”?A.She is a local farmer.B.She is a school president.C.She is
17、 a student in a local school.D.She is a teacher in a local school.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“local educator Rachael Jones”可知,Jones是一名当地的老师。5.What is the purpose of the Livingston Farm to School program?A.To contribute to local environmental protection.B.To provide part-time jobs for students.C.To help local
18、 farmers make a living.D.To offer students food and lessons.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to grow food that supplements school meals while offering kids hands-on lessons”和第三段中的“aims to increase access to local food and nutrition education across the country”可知,该项目旨在为学生提供食物和课程。6.What can be learned from Paragra
19、ph 4?A.Students performed better in their studies than before.B.The program offered all students free meals.C.Students faced health problems.D.The program lacked money.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“healthy school meals can improve academic performance,including improved test scores”可知,学生们的学业进步了。7.What is the r
20、oot of Jones confidence in food systems?A.Her grandmas suggestions.B.Her childhood experiences.C.Her college education.D.Her healthy lifestyle.答案B解析细节理解题。根据末段中的“When I grew up a big force in my life was my grandma.it really built up my trust and knowledge in food systems”可知,Jones对该农场入校项目的信心来源于自己童年时期
21、与祖母一起在院子里种植农作物的经历。二、七选五I was giving my 5-year-old a bath one night when she looked out the window at our fence and announced,“You know,Mamma,sometimes looking at trees helps you to think.”1What a deep observation from a little child.“You are right,” I encouraged.“What are you thinking about?”Lately,
22、there have been a lot of changes going on in my life at work.Business has been hard and I have been doing a lot of consulting for customers who havent been able to afford help.2I have a need and desire to help,but I often say “Yes” when my wallet should be saying “No!” The last few years have been s
23、uch a struggle for so many of my customers from so many walks of life.3Worse yet,I always have a voice in the back of my head that says if I dont relax or learn a better way to deal with stress,cancer might come near! So when my daughter said that one sentence,I promised to spend more time in nature
24、.4It is so grounding and so healing.I have traded a few gym days for hikes in the hills above my house.5I am always more clear-headed after that.So I plan on spending some time this summer in southern California,enjoying thinking at the base of an old,wise tree with my daughter of course.A.I struggl
25、e with this.B.What she said is so true.C.My health is on the downside.D.I decided to stop the busy life.E.I just sat in surprise and silence.F.I have trouble sleeping,sometimes.G.Have you ever sat in a park and stared at a tree?答案与解析【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者被女儿的一句话深深触动,此后她改变了自己以往忙碌、焦虑的生活状态,拥抱大自然,从而得到了内心的宁静。1.
26、E根据下文中的“What a deep observation from a little child”可知,对于小孩子能说出这样深刻的话作者感到很惊讶。2.A根据下文中的“I have a need.saying No!”及“The last few years have been such a struggle.”可知,作者在工作中一直处于挣扎的状态。3.F根据下文中的“Worse yet”及“deal with stress”可知,长期的工作压力对作者的身体状况产生了影响。F项中的“have trouble sleeping”符合这一语境。4.B根据下文中的“It is so groun
27、ding and so healing”可知,女儿的话太有道理了。5.G根据下文中的“I am always more clear-headed after that”及“enjoying thinking at the base of an old,wise tree”可知,此句内容与看树有关。G项符合语境。三、语法填空The day after graduating from the University of Nebraska in May,Ben Norton flew to Japan to start his career.Norton,1. studied abroad at S
28、enshu University,now works for Senshu as an English language coordinator.Norton was first exposed 2. Japanese culture through a friend and began to study Japanese in middle school.Since then,he has had 3. deep interest in Japan and prepared to finally work there.“I felt my study of Japanese would be
29、 useless if I didnt have a command of basic business concepts,so I decided on 4. (study) international business,” he said.Norton learned how to deal with 5. (culture) differences and build meaningful relationships.He became aware of how someones culture affects his or her viewpoint of certain 6. (si
30、tuation).“I learned more and more about the general viewpoints of Japanese people,and I gained a new way 7. (view) my environment and culture,” he said.Finally,he 8. (offer) the job because of the relationship he established with Senshu University.Norton 9. (strong) encourages students to consider s
31、tudying abroad.“Those that study abroad get to have these wonderful experiences that will stay with them for 10. (they) entire lives,” he said.答案与解析1.who考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明先行词Norton且在从句中做主语,故填who。2.to考查介词。expose.to.在此意为“使接触”。3.a考查不定冠词。have a(n).interest in.意为“对有兴趣”,且设空处后是deep,填a。4.studying考查动词
32、-ing形式做宾语的用法。设空处做介词on的宾语,故填studying。5.cultural考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处在此做定语,故填cultural。cultural difference意为“文化差异”。6.situations考查名词复数。situation在此意为“状况,处境”,是可数名词,且在此表示泛指,故填复数形式situations。7.to view考查不定式做定语的用法。way后常跟不定式做定语,故填to view。8.was offered考查一般过去时的被动语态。he与offer之间是被动关系,且由语境及Finally可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填was offered。9.strongly考查副词。设空处做状语修饰谓语动词encourages,故填副词strongly。10.their考查代词。设空处在此做定语,意为“他们的”,故填their。
