1、第5讲 介词和介词短语专题训练对应学生用书P031.单句语法填空1My parents and teachers were surprised _ my bad performance.解析句意：我父母和老师对我不好的表现感到很惊讶。be surprised at为固定短语，意为“对感到惊讶”。答案at2Nowadays, millions _ lonely singles are now going online.解析句意：现在，数以百万计的感到孤独的单身人士正在上网。millions of为固定结构，意为“数以百万计的”。答案of3On Saturday morning, they dec
2、ided to climb the mountain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top _ no problem.解析句意：在周六的早晨，他们决定当他们的父母在营地休息时，他们独自去爬山。3个小时后，他们轻易地到达了山顶。with no problem意为“轻易地”。答案with4Ocean currents changed _ the climate and probably led the fish into different
3、 areas.解析句意：洋流随气候变化而变化，并可能会把鱼带到不同的区域。with表示伴随，意为“随着”。答案with5A woman, sitting next to the boy, discovered he was _ a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop.解析句意：紧挨着那个男孩儿坐着的一位女士发现他正在参加学校组织的旅游，他被告知要在公交站和他的老师会合。on a.trip为固定短语，意为“在旅行”。答案on6Las Vegas is a very exciting city _ great h
4、otels, fine restaurants and even casinos.解析句意：拉斯维加斯是一个令人兴奋的城市，那里有很大的宾馆，高档的餐厅甚至有赌场。本题考查介词。with表示伴随，意为“有”。答案with7Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing industry.解析句意：很多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生。表示“在行业”用介词in。答案in8The mother continued to care for the young panda _ more than two years.解析句意：熊猫妈妈会
5、继续照顾幼崽两年多。表示一段时间的名词前用介词for。答案for9When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _ trees that are over 1,000 years old.解析句意：当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉林时，你会置身在那些树龄超过1 000年的树木之间。among“在当中；为所围绕”，符合语境。答案among10As Queen Elizabeth in her New Year Speech of 2018 puts it, for many, the idea of “ho
6、me” reaches _ a physical building to a hometown, a city or a nation.解析句意：正如伊丽莎白女王在2018年新年演说中所说的，对很多人来说，“家”的概念超越了一个有形的建筑，它是一个城镇、一个城市或一个国家。beyond“超过，超越”。答案beyond.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1He has written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people with his life._解析talk to sb. about sth.“与某人谈论某事”，是固
7、定用法，故with改为about。答案withabout2I believe in this school rule is beneficial to every student._解析句意：“我”相信这个学校规定对每一个学生都是有益的。believe后接宾语从句，believe in表示“信任”不符合句意，故去掉believe后的介词in。答案去掉in3Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses._解析句意：每次看到我拍摄的照
8、片，我都会记起那里的水、桥和房子。“for which I took”为定语从句，先行词为the pictures，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作took的宾语，需用which而非for which引导，故将for删除。答案去掉for4Last year, I took part a charity concert, which was organized by several communities to support a nonprofit orgnization._解析句意：去年，我参加了一场慈善音乐会，该音乐会是几个社区为了赞助一个非营利性组织而举办的。take pa
9、rt in为固定短语，故在part后加in。答案part后加in5The phenomenon that people are too addicted in their mobile phones is becoming more and more popular._解析句意：人们过于沉溺于手机这种现象正变得越来越普遍。be addicted to为固定短语，意为“沉溺于；对上瘾”。故将in改为to。答案into6On such cold weather, we stayed with her until the ambulance came to the scene._解析句意：在那么寒冷
10、的天气里，我们一直和她待在一起直到救护车到达现场。英文中表示“在的天气里”要用介词in而非on，故将On改为In。答案OnIn7Last summer holiday my uncle came to visit us. At the first day of his visit, we went out with one of my fathers friends for lunch at an outdoor caf._解析根据句意可知，本处是指“在我叔叔来的第一天”。在具体的某一天要用介词on，故将At改为On。答案AtOn8Two foreign English teachers we
11、re invited to act like judges._ _解析act as是固定短语，意为“充当；担任”。答案likeas9At 8 am，we gathered the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits._解析句意：在上午八点，我们在大青山山脚下集合，然后情绪高涨地向山顶挺进。gather作“集合”讲，为不及物动词，后面需用介词短语作地点状语，故在the foot前加at。答案the foot前加at10Under our help, all the books were free from
12、 the rain._解析句意：在我们的帮助下，所有的书都没被雨淋。with ones help为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将Under改为With。答案UnderWith.语法填空In the chemistry lab, because _1_ a students carelessness，the tube cracked and the liquid in it caused a fire on the table.Fortunately，he put it out _2_ time at last.In fact，it is common to have some smal
13、l accidents caused _3_ carelessness.I used to enjoy cooking，so I always sought a chance to cook.However，the desire led _4_ an accident.Once I stayed _5_ home alone.I decided to cook.I put all the food I needed _6_ a pot.Then I had to wait _7_ it to boil. In order to kill the waiting time，I went to w
14、atch TV.Only in a few minutes was I fascinated by a wonderful programme.It was about half an hour later that I remembered my food.I turned _8_ the cooker immediately but unfortunately the food ran over _9_ the pot.I was blamed and had to clean the kitchen.So we should pay attention _10_ everything w
15、e are doing to avoid accidents.1_2._3._4_5._6._7_8._9._10_答案与解析【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉读者在日常生活中应该处处小心以免发生意外。1of设空处后的中心词为名词carelessness，设空处前为because，由此可判断设空处填of。because of是介词短语，意为“由于”。2in句意：幸运的是，最后他及时将火扑灭了。in time“及时”。3by句意：事实上，由于粗心而导致一些小事故很常见。by意为“被；由”。本句中“caused.”作定语，修饰accidents。4to句意：然而，这种欲望却导致了一次
16、事故。lead to是动词短语，意为“导致”。5at句意：一次我独自待在家里。stay at home为固定短语，意为“待在家里”。6into句意：我将我所需要的所有食物都放进一口锅里。put.into.“将放进”。7forwait for为固定短语，意为“等待”。8offturn off“关闭(煤气、电路等)”。9fromrun over from.“从中溢出”。10topay attention to为固定短语，意为“注意”。.短文改错 Hear that McDonalds Chinese business changed its companys name from Maidangla
17、o to Jingongmen, which means golden arches, I was surprised but I said “no” to it! How terrible and fashionable! I was surfed the Internet and found many net users talking about it heated. I also found the following informations：“Golden Arches is the symbol for McDonalds. Originally, real arches wer
18、e part of the restaurant design. Golden Arches, a current logo, like an M for McDonalds”Now, I can accept the new name. Do you still think Jingongmen is so ridiculous as it was?答案与解析 that McDonalds Chinese business changed its companys name from Maidanglao to Jingongmen, which means golden arches, I
19、 was surprised I said “no” to it! How terrible and ！ I surfed the Internet and found many net users talking about it . I also found the following ：“Golden Arches is the symbol McDonalds. Originally, real arches were part of the restaurant design. Golden Arches, current logo, like an M for McDonalds”
20、Now, I can accept the new name. Do you still think Jingongmen is ridiculous as it was?考查非谓语动词作时间状语。错误处作状语，主语I和hear为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词Hearing。考查并列连词。I was surprised和I said“no” to it为顺承关系而非转折关系，故将but改为and。考查上下文理解。根据上下文及本句中的terrible可推知，错误处应为贬义词，意为“不时髦的，土气的”。故将fashionable改为其反义词unfashionable。考查语态。主语I与surfed
21、为主动关系，因此本句谓语动词应用主动语态，故将surfed前的was删除。考查副词。错误处需用副词作talking about的状语，故将heated改为heatedly。考查名词。information为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将informations改为information。考查介词。句意：金拱门是麦当劳的标志。 the symbol of.“的象征”，故将for改为of。考查冠词。 current logo与Golden Arches为同位关系。 logo在本句中表示特指，故将a改为the。考查谓语动词。 like作“像”讲为介词，不能作谓语。由此可见，本句缺少谓语，故在like前加is。考查形容词平级比较句型。在肯定句中，形容词平级比较句型是“asadj.as.”。由此可见，需将so改为as。
