1、中国传统体育有着丰富的内容、悠久的历史，是人类体育文化的杰出代表之一。现在让我们一起了解足球的鼻祖“蹴鞠”。Cuju (Ballkicking)“Cu” means to kick, and “Ju” is a kind of ball in ancient China, made of leather and filled with hair.It is said this game was found in Huangdi times of four thousand years ago. The purpose of Cuju then was totrain soldiers and
2、select qualified people in the army. Ballkicking activity that is actually recorded in history emerged in the Warring States Period. When it came to the Han Dynasty, Cuju activity had been more and more thriving. Either the emperor or the ordinary people, they loved it very much. During the period o
3、f Eastern and Western Han Dynasties, Cuju was popular not only in the palace, in the army, but also among the crowd. People were encouraged to kick ball in the back streets and lanes. It is obvious that at that time Cuju had rooted in the hearts of the people.The development of Cuju went into an imp
4、ortant stage in the Tang Dynasty. A variety of skills were invented then on the basis of the former games. A goal, for instance, was set in the middle of the court, the players of the two teams just kicked the ball into the goal, and the one which scored more goals was the winner.Cuju entered its go
5、lden age in the Song Dynasty. First, it was much more standardized and enjoyable. Second, Qiyun Association was founded which is similar to the FIFA now. Third, the imperial court attached great importance to it. It is recorded in history that quite a few emperors in the Song Dynasty such as Song Ta
6、izu, Song Taizong, etc. loved Cuju.【注】qualified adj. 合格的emerge v. 出现thrive v. 茁壮成长；繁荣兴旺attach great importance to 非常重视【立德树人】中国传统体育在世界文化史上留下了光辉灿烂的一页 (leave behind a magnificent page)。它是建立在自然经济、宗法血缘社会和民族精神生活与哲学基础之上的。让我们共同传承中国传统体育文化！Period Starting out & Understanding ideas课前自学导引一项风靡全世界的运动如今，足球是世界上最受欢迎
7、的运动之一。鉴于尼尔阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是这个世界以外最受欢迎的运动！这项运动的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时它被称为“蹴鞠”(踢球)，这项运动使用的球是由动物的皮制成的，里面填充的是动物毛发。球门被悬在空中。我们今天所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。它也是一项非常便宜的运动。你不需要昂贵的设备，即使是球也不需要花很多钱。在世界各地，你都能看到孩子们心满意足地玩着一个用塑料袋做成的球；就像贝利小时候踢球那样。足球在全球流行背后的另一个因素是足球场上的创造力和激情。它很有趣，足以吸引
8、数以百万计的人。你不必成为球迷就可以欣赏到职业球员的技术看到他们如何利用身体来传球、得分和防守，你会感到惊讶看到比赛以一个惊人的转折结束，你会感到兴奋。更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一：它不需要言语，但每个人都能理解。它打破了壁垒，把赛场内外的人们聚集在一起。以著名的1914年圣诞节足球比赛为例。第一次世界大战几个月前爆发了，但英国和德国士兵放下枪，一起踢足球在战争岁月，这是一个值得纪念的和平时刻。“有些人认为足球是一个生死攸关的问题，”著名足球运动员和教练比尔香克利说。我可以向你保证，这比生死更重要。这听起来可能很有趣，但人们只需想到地球就可以意识到我们的星球是足球形状的。课堂
9、合作探究1represent v. 代表，表示；表现；描绘；象征(P26)归纳拓展(1)represent . as . 把描绘成represent sb. as/to be . 宣称某人为represent oneself as/to be . 自称是/声称是represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事(2)representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的n. 代表，代理人She represents_her_mother_as the kindest mother in the world.她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。He represent
10、ed_himself_to_be a friend of my fathers, but now we know the truth.他自称是我父亲的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。You should represent your complaints to the management.你们应向管理阶层说明你们的不满。名师点津represent作“向描述/表达”讲时，不能直接跟“人”作宾语，常用结构为“represent sth. to sb.”或“represent to sb. sth.”。有类似用法的单词还有explain，suggest，announce，guarantee等。(1)写
11、出下列句中represent的含义The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries._The carvings represent a hunting scene._The five interlaced rings on the Olympic flag represent the five continents joined together._答案：代表描绘象征(2)单句语法填空I represent _ him that it will be dangerous to do
12、 what he suggested._ (represent) our school, Im glad to tell you something about these activities.As a _ (represent) of resettled people, I support the construction of the project.答案：toRepresentingrepresentative2basis n. 基础；根据；基准(P26)归纳拓展(1)on the basis of 以为基础；根据(2)base vt. 以为据点；以为基础n. 底部；根据base .
13、on/upon . 把置于基础之上be based on/upon 以为基础/根据(3)basic adj. 基础的，基本的basically adv. 大体上；基本上；总的说来；从根本上说On_the_basis_of my own experience, I made this decision.我根据自己的经验做出了这个决定。You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。The movie is_based_on/upon the popular novel of the same na
14、me.这部电影是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。(1)单句语法填空We drew this conclusion _ the basis of experiments.The _ (base) pay of the average worker has risen by 3 per cent._ (basic), I agree with your plan.答案：onbasicBasically(2)单句写作天鹅湖是一部以德国童话为基础的著名四幕芭蕾舞。Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts which _ a German fairytale.答
15、案：is based on3equipment n. 装备，设备，用具(P26)归纳拓展(1)equipment 为不可数名词a piece of equipment 一件设备(2)equip vt. 装备，配备equip . with . 用装备be equipped with 装备着equip sb. for . 使某人为做好准备be well/poorly equipped 装备精良的/较差的As students, we should equip ourselves with knowledge.作为学生，我们应该用知识来武装自己。Our school is_equipped_with
16、 advanced teaching equipment.我们学校配备着先进的教学设备。A good education should equip you for life. 良好的教育能使你受用终生。(1)单句语法填空The hospital has brought in a set of new _ (equip)Please equip yourself _ a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.Your training will equip you _ your future job._ (equip) with new scientifi
17、c farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.答案：equipmentwithforEquipped(2)单句写作这间办公室安装了空调。This office _ air conditioner.答案：is equipped with4content n. 满意，满足；内容；含量；目录vt. 使满意，使满足adj. 满意的，满足的(P26) 归纳拓展(1)to ones hearts content 尽情地，心满意足地(2)content oneself with sth. 满足于；对感
18、到满意(3)be/feel content with sth. 对某事感到满意/满足be content to do sth. 满足于做某事；乐意做某事You should not content yourself with book knowledge only.你不能只满足于书本知识。Tom is_content_with the result of the exam. 汤姆对考试的结果满意。She is quite content_to_live at home with her parents. 她十分满足于在家和她父母同住。(1)单句语法填空That rich man is tire
19、d of city life, so he is content _ (live) in the country.To be honest, Im very content _ my life at present.As there is no butter, we have to content _ (we) with dry bread.答案：to livewithourselves(2)单句写作在宴会上，所有的客人都可以尽情歌舞。At the party, all the guests can sing and dance _.答案：to their hearts content5def
20、end v. (在比赛中)防守，防卫(P26)归纳拓展(1)defend . from/against . 保护免遭；抵御defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护(2)defence n. 辩护；保卫；防卫in defence of 为辩护；保卫She had to defend herself against the guard dog.她不得不防备看门狗。They took up arms in_defence_of their country.他们拿起武器保卫祖国。单句语法填空The best _ (defend) is a good offense. He gave his li
21、fe _ defense of his country. The frightened mother held out her umbrella, defend her son and herself _ the fierce dog.答案：defenceinagainst/from6assure v. 向保证，使确信；弄清，查明(P27)归纳拓展(1)assure sb. that . 向某人保证assure sb. of sth. 向某人保证某事assure oneself that ./of sth. 弄清；查明；使自己对确信不疑或觉得肯定无误(2)assurance n. 保证；担保I
22、 can assure_you_that he is sincere.我可以向你保证他是真诚的。I can assure_you_of his reliability.我向你保证他的可靠性。I must assure_myself_of the real situation.我必须查明真实情况。He gave me assurance in black and white.他给了我书面保证。(1)单句语法填空I can assure you _ its quality. He gave us the _ (assure) that he would offer us more support.
23、 答案：ofassurance(2)单句写作我可以向你保证动物们得到了精心照顾。I can _ the animals are well cared for.答案：assure you thatThat he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。It is natural that life is not always easy.人生不可能总是一帆风顺，这是很自然的。Its a pity that youve missed such a good
24、chance.你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.据说海盗把他们的财宝藏到了这个岛上。(1)单句语法填空_ she is still alive is the best news I have heard of._ is quite obvious that he is lying.答案：ThatIt(2)句型转换That prices will go up is certain._ prices will go up.答案：It is certain that.单词
25、拼写1Protecting the country is the duty of a _ (军人). 答案：soldier2Physical activity is an important _ (因素)in maintaining fitness. 答案：factor3This _ (设备) has saved the lives of a number of new born children. 答案：equipment4A _ (塑料的) chair is much lighter than a wooden one. 答案：plastic5_ (冲浪运动) is the sport o
26、f riding on waves while standing on a narrow board. 答案：Surfing6She found herself in _ (冲突) with her parents over her future career.答案：conflict.词义理解1As long as you work hard, you will achieve your goal.()2Within a minute the Chinese team scored a goal.()3The centre forward headed the ball into the go
27、al.()答案：1.2.3.请选出content在句中的含义：n. 内容n. 满意，满足adj. 满意的，满足的4The secret to happiness is being content with what you have.()5She hadnt read the letter and so was unaware of its contents.()6I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my hearts content.()答案：4.5.6.单句语法填空1I will represent _ him t
28、hat he will be in danger if he goes there alone.答案：to2Police are trying to find out the cause of _ (die). 答案：death3We fix our prices _ the basis of the world market prices. 答案：on4They fought bravely in _ (defend) of freedom and of the interests of the people. 答案：defence5I can assure you _ my full su
29、pport for your plan.答案：of6_ is important that we practise English everyday.答案：It.单句写作1第一次世界大战于1914年爆发。World War_ in 1914.答案：broke out2我弟弟正在游乐园里尽情地玩耍。My brother is playing _in the amusement park.答案：to his hearts content3地球的形状像一个大球。The earth _ a big ball.答案：is shaped like4你被包围了！放下你的武器！You are surround
30、ed! _ your weapons!答案：Put down5他们的友谊可以追溯到他们上学的时候。Their friendship _ their school days.答案：goes back to6鉴于他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。_ theyre inexperienced, theyve done a good job. 答案：Given that课后课时作业完形填空Jake Olson lost his left eye when he was eight months old because of a born cancer. _1_ it was contro
31、lled through treatments, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossible dream. Hes now a part of the team, despite his total 4， playing the game not based on sight but on _5_.Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans,
32、 one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong liking for the sport didnt go _8_former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to meet the _9_.Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he didnt thi
33、nk he would be of any real _11_， but when he heard peoples cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, asking to join the team. The coach told him to _13_ the next season. So Jake spent his time practicing hard. _14_， he became a starter on the team in th
34、e next season. Having made his high school football team, it didnt seem too _15_ to do the same in college.Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requirements of the team. So Jakes dream came true._17_ football, Jake is also a motivational speaker. “I went into football with the thought that I had no
35、thing to _18_，” Jake said. “I really had no fear. Going through _19_ in life does make you stronger. Lifes unfair, but its _20_ me not to give up and keep fighting.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jake Olson双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他成为高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且还是一位励志演讲人。1A.UnlessBThough COnly if DNow that答案：B根据下文的“it was controll
36、ed through treatments, it reappeared . ”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，主从句之间存在让步关系。2A.backed off Bheld back Cbroke down Dled to答案：D癌症复发了，并导致(led to)他失去了右眼。3A.forgotten Bquitted Crealized Dignored答案：C但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦想。第四段中的“Jakes dream came true”亦是提示。4A.blindness B
37、absence Cdeafness Dinnocence答案：A根据上文中的“lost his left eye”及“the loss of his right eye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。5A.ability Bguess Cfeel Dimagination答案：C根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。6A.responsible Bfaithful Ccareful Dtemporary答案：B根据语境及上文的“years of cheering for his favor
38、ite football team”可知，他是USC Trojans球队的忠实(faithful)粉丝。7A.chances Bpromises Ccourses Dwishes答案：D此处指Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在Notre Dame的比赛。8A.unnoticed Bunsolved Cunreported Dunlimited答案：A根据下文的“former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to”可知，此处指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed “未被注意的，被忽视的”。
39、9A.leaders Bplayers Cfans Dcoaches答案：B根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“Inspired by those players”是关键的提示信息。10A.occupied Binvolved Ctrapped Dabsorbed答案：B受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。be involved in是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。11A.interest Bhope Cuse Dconcern答案：C此处指尽管Jake想加
40、入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。be of usebe useful。12A.approached Bappreciated Crecognized Dgreeted答案：AJake找了教练，请求加入球队。approach “靠近，接洽”。13A.pull throughBset out Cleave off Dcome back答案：D根据下文的“the next season . he became a starter on the team in the next season”可知，此处指教练让Jake下个赛季再回来。
41、14A.Gradually BFinally CRecently DAccidentally答案：BJake花时间刻苦练习，最终，在下个赛季，他成了球队的参赛者。finally意为“最后，终于”。15A.difficult Baccessible Cattractive Dnecessary答案：A根据上文的“Having made his high school football team”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。16A.refreshed Bcompleted Csatisfied Dacquired答案：C根据句中的“Coach Steve agr
42、eed”及下文中的“So Jakes dream came true.”可知，此处指教练Steve觉得Jack达到了球队的要求，因此Jake加入大学球队的梦想实现了。17A.Apart from BInstead ofCRegardless of DExcept for答案：A根据下文的“Jake is also a motivational speaker”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake也是一位励志演讲人。18A.share Blose Coffer Ddesire答案：B根据语境及下文的“I really had no fear.”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自己没有任何可失去(los
43、e)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。19A.failures BchallengesCcompetitions Dfears答案：BJake身有残疾，所以要经受许多生活中的挑战(challenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。20A.warned Bbegged Cconvinced Dtaught答案：D根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它教会Jake不要放弃，要坚持下去。teach sb. not to do sth. “教会某人不要做某事”。故选D。阅读理解AMy First Marathon (马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one
44、of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later infor
45、med me that I was “not athletic”The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wi
46、lls!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a
47、sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never mind
48、ed the alarm clock sounding at 4 am or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly lab
49、els (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。参加马拉松比赛前的一个月，作者的脚踝受伤了，但他仍决定参加比赛。在比赛中尽管脚踝伤处疼痛难忍，但作者坚持跑完全程，获得了一枚奖章。作者通过自身的经历启迪人们：要做自己，并坚持不断前进，不要受限于世俗标签，就会取得成功。1A month before the marathon, the author _.Awas well trained Bfelt scaredCmade up his mind to run Dlost hope答案：C细节理解题。根据第一
50、段可知，马拉松比赛前一个月，作者脚踝受伤但决心继续参加比赛。故选C。2Why did the author mention the PE class in his 7th year?ATo acknowledge the support of his teacher.BTo amuse the readers with a funny story.CTo show he was not talented in sports.DTo share a precious memory.答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知，作者这么做是为了表明自己确实没有运动天赋。故选C。3How was t
51、he authors first marathon?AHe made it.BHe quit halfway.CHe got the first prize.DHe walked to the end.答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者坚持完成了马拉松比赛并获得了一枚奖章，即他成功了。故选A。4What does the story mainly tell us?AA man owes his success to his family support.BA winner is one with a great effort of will.CFailure is the mot
52、her of success.DOne is never too old to learn.答案：B主旨大意题。作者通过叙述他带伤坚持跑完马拉松并在比赛中获得了奖章来启迪人们：不要受限于世俗标签，拥有强大意志力的人一定会取得成功。故选B。BNine out of ten parents want their children to take part in competitions in school, a survey found.Despite the current trend of few or no competitions in many schoolsthey worry tha
53、t they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodiesmost parents believe competitions help to prepare children for adulthood. They also believe competitions make children more ambitious (志向远大的) and ready for work.And 84 percent of parents worry their children will feel regr
54、etful once they leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions. More than two thirds think competitions teach children that they have to work for things, while 69 percent think they help kids realize they dont always win or come out on top of everything.One in three parents a
55、lso believe competitions raise standards in education as children strive (努力) to win. One in five parents dont think that their childrens schools offer enough opportunities to their children to compete against others, and one in ten even say the schools dont allow children to win or lose at all.As a
56、 result, 24 percent of parents have complained to their childrens schools as they dont feel that enough emphasis is put on competitions. Nine out of ten teachers agree that it is important for children to experience losing at an early age.Former World Cup rugby star Will Greenwood said, “Competition
57、s make you strive to be better as an individual and as part of a team. In any walk of life, experiencing success as an individual is a great motivator and helps to breed a culture that strives to succeed, whether in education or employment.”Chairwoman Carole Stott said, “Many schools have, in recent
58、 years, moved their emphasis for children away from winning and losing to simply taking part.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项调查显示大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛。5Why do many schools offer few or no competitions to their students?ATo keep the students safe.BTo reduce families expenses.CTo reduce the teachers pressure.DTo ma
59、ke sure that the students have enough time to study.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they worry that they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodies”可知，许多学校不安排或少安排竞赛的原因是他们担心竞赛给学生们带来压力，同时还有可能给学生们的身体带来伤害。6Most parents dont think taking part in competitions will help kids _.Aprepare thems
60、elves well for their future workBknow that they dont need to win all the timeCgain the experience of competitionsDenjoy their school life答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“make children more ambitious (志向远大的) and ready for work”以及第三段中的“they help kids realize they dont always win”和“children will feel regretful once t
61、hey leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions”可知，A、B、C三项是孩子们参加竞赛的好处，D项所给信息在文中没有对应信息。7What can be used as the best title of the passage?AThe benefits of taking part in competitionsBParents want their children to compete at schoolCMost schools offer more competitions to st
62、udentsDShould students take part in competitions in school?答案：B标题判断题。根据文章中所列出的一系列的调查结果可总结出，大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛，并结合文章主旨句第一段可知B项作为文章标题最佳。8What is Will Greenwoods attitude towards kids taking part in more competitions?ADoubtful. BWorried.CSupportive. DUncertain.答案：C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Will Greenwood所讲的“exper
63、iencing success as an individual is a great motivator and helps to breed a culture that strives to succeed”可知，他认为参加竞赛并体验输赢对孩子们是有很大帮助的，由此可推断出他支持学生们多参加竞赛。应用文写作假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：1比赛信息；2赛前准备；3表达期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Chris， Cheers，Li Hua精彩范文Dear Chris，Im writing t
64、o let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the afternoon of July 4th. We will play against the team from Hong Xing High School. In order to win the match, we should get fully prepared and practice hard. So from tomorrow, we need to train for two hours after school every day. Please come to the school gym at 6：30 pm from Monday to Friday.Youre an excellent player. With you on the team, we are confident that we can win the game. Lets try hard together!Cheers，Li Hua