1、知识运用知识梳理知识运用知识梳理.核心单词识记思考运用一、单词拼写1.(2015北京，阅读A)The first thing he did was to find _(庇护所)from the freezing wind and snow.2.(2015湖南，写作)In addition，the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally _(有限的).3.There is hardly _(高兴的)news in the paper.shelterlimitedcheerful知识运用知识梳理4.(2015安
2、徽，阅读C)People are learning how to organize huge _(数量)of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.5.(2015天津，阅读D)Once when I was facing a decision that involved high _(冒险)，I went to a friend.6.*When she got on the bus，she _(注意到)all the seats were already occupied.quantitiesriskobs
3、erved知识运用知识梳理7.What is the _(海拔)of the top of the mountain?8.(2015北京，阅读A)He thought about all of the _(生存)shows he had watched on TV.9.*Im _(不舒服的)being introduced to a new person.10.(2014江 西，阅 读 A)After the first expedition，Larrys later diving _(探险)only got better and better.altitudesurvivaluncomfor
4、tableadventures知识运用知识梳理二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.(2014安 徽，阅 读 A)Arriving there was rather tiring，but I managed to catch a taxi to my _(accommodate)and settle in.2.(2014江西，33)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great _(wealthy).3.(2015安徽，阅读D)There are an _(extreme)large number of an
5、ts worldwide.accommodationwealthextremely知识运用知识梳理4.The _(similar)between the two stories suggests Lowry wrote them both.5.The hotel offers its guests a wide _(various)of amusements.6.My _(prefer)is that we(should)challenge the other groups to a friendly competition.7.There were a few_moments in the
6、basketball game.Therefore，all of us watched with _.(anxious)similarityvarietypreferenceanxiousanxiety知识运用知识梳理8.The workers in the factory _ themselves with scientific knowledge and all the _ in the factory is very advanced.(equip)9.Hes a good doctor.He always has _ with his _.He treats them _.(patie
7、nt)10.What _ me was Liu Qians _ performance which made all the people present look at him in _.(amaze)equipequipmentpatiencepatientspatientlyamazedamazingamazement 知识运用知识梳理三、开心词场The trip with heavy luggage is tiring.I was walking on my wayto the port city and felt uncomfortable because I was running
8、 out of my energy.Suddenly a porter turned up.He helped me carry the luggage to my accommodation and I felt it was an excitement.I couldnt imagine if he had stood by.知识运用知识梳理【联想积累】“看”遍天下glance v.(粗略地)看一下；扫视 n.一瞥；扫视glare v.瞪眼；怒目而视spot v.发现；认出watch v.看；注视witness v.目击 n.目击者stare vt.&vi.凝视；盯着看glimpse v.
9、瞥见；看一眼observe v.观察；注意到知识运用知识梳理由前缀un-想到的unjust 不公平的injustice 不公正unequal 不相等的inequality不相等unthankfulthankless 不感激的unfruitfulfruitless 无结果的unfaithfulfaithless 不诚实的知识运用知识梳理词汇拓展tiring adj.令人疲劳的tired adj.疲倦的，厌倦的tire vt.使疲倦；使疲劳uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj.舒服的comfort n.&vt.安慰differ vi.不 同 于，有
10、区 别 difference n.不 同 之 处different adj.不同的confuse vt.使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n.混乱；困惑various adj.不同的，各种各样的variety n.品种；种类；变化vary vi.变化知识运用知识梳理.重点短语识记思考运用一、补全短语1.right _ 就在此刻2.in order _ 为了(某一目的)3._ down 颠倒地，倒置地4.*_ turn 轮流5.put _ prison 关进监狱6._ ones way 在途中nowtoupsideinintoon知识
11、运用知识梳理二、短语填空turn up；*back out；*break out；take off；run out of；carry on；get across；stand by 1.They are _ oil and the plane has to land on the field.2.If he has promised to come，he will not _.3.A big fire _ in the hotel last night，but all the people were able to escape from it.running out ofback outbro
12、ke out知识运用知识梳理4.How can you _ and let him treat his dog like that?5.This is the message that we want to _ to the public.6.We invited her to dinner but she hasnt _，which made us worried.7.As the plane was _，I remembered I hadnt turned the iron off.8.After he left I just tried to _ as usual in spite o
13、f some difficulty.stand byget acrossturned uptaking offcarry on知识运用知识梳理【联想积累】“in n.”结构荟萃in case 以防万一in advance 事先；提前in store 必将发生in danger 处于危险中in order 井井有条in place 在正确位置in sight/view 看得见in reality/fact 事实上知识运用知识梳理“动词out”短语全接触bring out 出版；公布carry out 执行check out 结账后离开drop out 退出leave out 忽略；遗漏cut o
14、ut 停止；剪下let out 放出back out 决定不履行(允诺的事)知识运用知识梳理.经典句式识记思考运用1.Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were toofantastic tobe true.(too.to.“太而不能”)尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。仿写Im _ busy enjoying my life now _ the future!我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担
15、忧！tooto worry about知识运用知识梳理2.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装)接下来极地冬日的黑夜时期到来了。仿写After supper，_ that Ye Shiwen won the first prize in the competition.晚饭后，传来了叶诗文获得比赛第一名的消息。there came the news知识运用知识梳理3.*The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.(have
16、 difficulty in doing sth“在方面有困难”，其中in可省略)接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。仿写Li Na doesnt _ with the foreigners in English.李娜用英语和外国人交流没有任何困难。have any difficulty(in)communicating知识运用知识梳理【联想积累】“在方面有困难(或麻烦)；对有困难”表达法(1)have difficulty(in)doing sth/with sth表示“在方面有困难(或麻烦)；对有困难”。除difficulty外，trouble，problems，fun，a hard ti
17、me等也可用于该结构。(2)difficulty前可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。知识运用知识梳理.单元语法识记思考运用必背句法状态动词或动态动词；定语从句()选词填空1.*I dont want this kind of cloth.It _(feels/is felt)too thin.How about that kind？It _(is washed/washes)well and _(lasts/lasted)long.2.*We will put off the outing until next week，_(when/which)we wont be so
18、busy.feelswasheslastswhen知识运用知识梳理3.He wrote a lot of novels，none of _(which/them)was translated into a foreign language.4.English is a free site _(where/that)visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online.5.*_(As/Which)is often the case with the elder people，my grandma talked
19、about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.whichwhereAs知识运用知识梳理【联想积累】主动形式表被动意义系 动 词 look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn等形容词/名词。表示主语的某种属性的词：read，write，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，shut等，其主语往往是物。关系代词as，which的区别as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于
20、主句之后。当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。知识运用知识梳理单 词 点 睛1.differ vi.不同于，有区别教材原句How do the tourists differ from local people?旅游者与当地居民有什么不同呢？(1)differ from.与不同differ in.在方面不同differ with sb 与某人意见不同(2)different adj.不同的，有差异的(3)make a/no difference 有/无影响tell the difference between A and B 指出A与B的不同知识运用知识梳理一言串记They are
21、twin sisters.Its hard to _(区分)between them in appearance，however，they are _(differ)from each other in their habits and they also differ from each other in many ways.But that _(没有影响).答案 tell the difference differentmakes no difference知识运用知识梳理2.risk vt.冒的危险n.冒险；危险；风险高 考 例 句(2015天 津，阅 读 D)Once when I w
22、as facing a decision that involved high risk，I went to a friend.一次当我面对涉及高风险的决定，我向一个朋友求助。(1)risk(doing)sth 冒的危险(2)at the risk of 冒着的风险(3)at risk 处境危险；遭受危险(4)take/run the risk of doing sth 冒着的风险做某事(5)take/run a risk/risks(to do sth)冒险(做某事)知识运用知识梳理(2013四 川，阅 读 B)I wondered if I was putting my life _ ri
23、sk.我不知道我是否正在把自己的生命置于危险境地。Weve been advised not to risk _(travel)in these conditions.我们被建议在这些条件下不要冒险出行。It is not worthwhile to take the risk of _(offend)your boss just to get such a small sum of money.仅是为拿到那一点钱就去触怒老板，不值得。答案 attravellingoffending知识运用知识梳理3.confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆教材原句He was also confused
24、by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。(1)confuse A with/and B 将A和B混淆(2)confused adj.困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的confusing adj.使人迷惑的(3)confusion n.混乱；困惑知识运用知识梳理Dont confuse him _ his brother.They are much alike.别把他与他弟弟混淆了。他们非常相像。The present situation is so _ that I got _.(confuse)目前的
25、形势太令人迷惑了，以致我感到困惑。答案 withconfusing；confused知识运用知识梳理4.quantity n.量，数量教材原句He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。知识运用知识梳理Quantities of food _(be)spread out on the table.许多食品被摊放在桌子上。A large quantity of good earth _(be)being washed away in this area every year.每年这个地区大量
26、沃土被冲走。It is well-known that its cheaper to buy goods _.众所周知大批量购货较便宜。答案 wereisin quantity/in large quantities【名师点津】a quantity of与quantities of意思相当，其谓语动词一般根据quantity的形式来确定单复数形式。知识运用知识梳理5.observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝教材原句Air-conditioned vehicles for observing animals.用于观察动物的带空调的车辆。写出下列句中observe的含义 Do you obse
27、rve Christmas Day in your country？_The players agreed to observe the spirit of fair play in all of the games._ He made a telescope through which he could observe the stars._答案 庆祝 遵守 观察，观测知识运用知识梳理一言串记When we attend the parade to observe National Day，we must observe the traffic regulations.If we obser
28、ve someone run a red light，we should stop him.当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。(1)observe sb do/doing sth 看到某人做了/正在做某事observe sth done 看到某事被做(2)observer n.观察者(3)observation n.观察；观察力；观测知识运用知识梳理【巧学助记】知识运用知识梳理6.limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度经典例句There is a limit to ones life，but no limit to serving
29、 the people.一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。(1)limit.to.把限定在范围内(2)set a limit to/on.对规定限度(3)limited adj.有限的知识运用知识梳理As soon as you set a limit _ your endurance，you will lose.一旦你为你的忍耐力设定了极限，你必定会输。We must limit the expense _ what we can afford.我们必须把开销限制在不超出我们经济能力的范围内。He was born in a poor family，and only receiv
30、ed a _(limit)education in his childhood.他出身贫寒，小时候接受的教育很有限。答案 totolimited知识运用知识梳理短 语 点 拨1.take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；突然大受欢迎高考例句(2012安徽，任务型读写)In Korea，you should take off your shoes when entering a house.在韩国，当你要进入房间时，你应该脱掉鞋。写出下列句中take off的含义Three planes were standing on the runway，waiting to take off._
31、Take off your wet clothes and put on some dry ones._知识运用知识梳理Congratulations，Paulo!Now maybe you can take a few days off._Her singing career took off after her TV appearance._take over 接任，接管，接收take in 吸收，理解；受骗take up 拿起；占据；对有兴趣；开始从事take on 呈现；雇用；承担知识运用知识梳理George is taking _ the running of our America
32、n corporation.乔治准备接手经营我们美国的企业。答案 起飞脱下 休假 突然大受欢迎 over知识运用知识梳理2.turn up 出现，到场；找出，发现；开大，调高教材原句When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.当我第一次跳的时候，我很紧张以致试图放弃，但在朋友们的劝说下，我终于完成了那次蹦极。写出下列黑体部分的含义This is similar to waiting fo
33、r a bus that never turns up._知识运用知识梳理Investigations have never turned upany evidence._Bill would turn up the TV in the other room._turn to 求助于turn out 最后结果，最终成为；在场；出席；生产Dont worryIm sure it will all _ fine.别担心我敢肯定一切最终会好起来的。答案 出现找到 调高 turn out to be知识运用知识梳理3.get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路，河等)教材原句Its
34、difficult to get across how exciting it is!要真正体会到这是多么令人兴奋的事，并不容易。写出下列黑体部分的含义The local government took some measures to help the deer to get across the highway._Officers felt their point of view was not getting across to ministers._知识运用知识梳理It took a long time to get across to the workers the way the
35、system worked._get across to(sb)/get sth across to(sb)被传达/理解；把讲清楚get down to(doing)开始认真处理/对待，开始做get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过If everyone keeps in line，well _ the customs soon.如果大家都遵守秩序，我们会很快通过海关。答案 横过接受 理解 get through知识运用知识梳理4.break down损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解教材原句First，his two sledges broke down，
36、and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。写出下列句中break down的含义He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air-conditioning system broke down._知识运用知识梳理The firemen broke down the wall in order to
37、 gain quick access to the building on fire._He is showing signs that he might break down._Its reported that peace talks have broken down in the Middle East._Bacteria break down the animal waste to form methane gas(沼气)._答案损坏，不能运转拆毁，拆除身体垮掉 失败分解知识运用知识梳理句 式 透 析1.教材原句Although people enjoyed reading his b
38、ook，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic tobe true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。知识运用知识梳理(1)句中的too.to.结构，意为“太而不能”，too后面跟形容词/副词，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。If the population continues to increase，the earth will become _ so many people.如果人口持续增长，地球将
39、会变成一个太小而不能养活如此多的人的星体。知识运用知识梳理(2)“too.to.”句式中，若too后接glad，pleased，happy，eager，anxious，willing，ready，easy等表示心理状态的形容词，不定式不再表示否定意义，too相当于very。I am _ eager _ have a world travel.我很想进行一次环球旅行。(3)never/not too.to do.和too.not to do.这两种形式均表示肯定意义。He is _ wise _ this problem.他非常聪明，必能解决这个问题。知识运用知识梳理(4)“too.to.”结构
40、可以与“not.enough to.”或“so.that.”句式相互转换。Its clear that the tree is too young to stand the storm.Its clear that the tree is _ stand the storm.Its clear that the tree is _ it cant stand the storm.很显然，这棵树太小了，经受不住暴风雨。答案too small a planet to supporttoo；totoo；not to solvenot old enough to；so young that【联想归纳】
41、cant/can never.to.表示“无论怎样也不过分”。知识运用知识梳理2.教材原句 Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接下来极地冬日的黑夜时期到来了。本句使用了全部倒装。(1)表示地点、方向、时间的副词(here，out，in，up，down，back,off，away，now，then等)位于句首时。谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词(go，come，leave，move，run，rush，jump等)。知识运用知识梳理_ a telegram for you.这儿有你一封电报。_ from the horse.那人从马上跳下来。【名师点津】在上述情况中，主语是代词时，则不用倒装。In _ and the meeting began.他进来，会议就开始了。知识运用知识梳理(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。Between the two buildings _.两座楼之间有棵大松树。答案Here isDown jumped the manhe camestands a tall pine
