1、Section Reading for Writing基础知识 预习自检今天我想写一篇博客，关于一个已经被问了很多次的问题如何在网上保持安全，避免糟糕的上网体验？我不是专家，但是多年的博主经验还是令我对此略知一二。首先，有一条关于互联网的黄金法则：如果你看到或者阅读到一些让你感觉不舒服的东西，马上离开该网页。不要发表评论或者点击任何东西。第二，保护你自己的隐私。不要公布自己的地址或者电话号码。有些人会利用这些信息盗用你的身份。盗用身份是一个常见但很严重的问题。第三，要礼貌。上网不是粗鲁的借口，你不会想成为网络喷子或者网络恶霸的目标。“网络喷子”指的是在网上发布评论或者问题以制造麻烦的人。网络喷
2、子经常使用几个假名字，这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。网络霸凌者利用互联网对他人刻薄以待。就像网络喷子一样，网络霸凌者也会写一些刻薄的东西，但通常是针对特定的人。他或她也会发一些有关攻击对象的令人尴尬的照片或者信息。然而，你越有礼貌，就越不可能被攻击。你曾经有过任何不好的上网经历？或者你有可以保持上网安全的一些好建议吗？在下面发表你的看法！Boy579：去年，我们在自己的聊天室遭遇了一些问题。我们完全不认识的人发出了很刻薄的言论。我觉得，他或她只是想制造麻烦。Amy：我们学校的一个女孩在网上有一个很不好的经历。她的一张照片被发到了网上，并且她变成了大家取笑的对象。一开始看起来是一个玩笑，但是却让
3、那个女孩感觉很苦恼。重点知识 合作探究1particular adj. 特定的；特别的；讲究的(教材P32)归纳拓展(1)be particular about/over sth. 对某事讲究/挑剔in particular 尤其；特别；格外 (2)particularly adv. 特别；尤其Shes very particular_about her clothes.她对衣着特别挑剔。Why should he notice her car in_particular?他为什么会特别注意到她的车？(2019全国卷)Then he found that the animals around
4、were very beautiful, and he particularly enjoyed observing the birds he saw. 然后他发现周围的动物非常漂亮，他特别喜欢观察他看到的鸟。(1)单句语法填空Are you looking for anything _ particular? Traffic is bad, _ (particular) in the city centre.答案：inparticularly(2)单句写作不要太讲究吃穿，应该多注意学习和工作。Dont be too _ what you eat and wear; pay more atte
5、ntion to your study and work. 答案：particular about2embarrassing adj. 让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的(教材P32)归纳拓展(1)embarrassing adj. 让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的(常用来修饰、说明事物)(2)embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，害羞的，窘迫的(用来修饰、说明人或人的表情、声音等。)be embarrassed about/at 对感到尴尬be embarrassed to do sth. 做某事感到尴尬(3)embarrass vt. 使窘迫；使为难(4)embarrassment n. 窘迫；困境to
6、 ones embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是It was so embarrassing having to sing in public.非得当众唱歌太令人难为情了。I was_embarrassed_by/at his unexpected question.他出乎意料的发问使我尴尬。He felt pretty embarrassed_about what had happened.他对所发生的事情感到非常尴尬。He was_embarrassed_to_admit his mistake.他不好意思承认自己的错误。I think I would have died of em
7、barrassment.我觉得自己难堪得要死。(1)单句语法填空I was very_ (embarrass) to hear people speak so highly of me.He found it _ (embarrass) to be honest. To my_ (embarrass), I couldnt remember her name.答案：embarrassedembarrassingembarrassment(2)单句写作当被问到年龄时，她感到局促不安。She was _ about her age.答案：embarrassed at being asked3How
8、ever, the_more polite you are, the_less likely it is you will be attacked.(教材P32)然而，你越有礼貌，就越不可能被攻击。剖析the比较级 .，the比较级 .表示“越，(就)越”前一个the比较级引导的句子相当于一个条件状语从句，后一个the比较级引导的句子为主句。若主句谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表将来。归纳拓展(1)the more ., the more . 越，就越(2)the more ., the less . 越，越不(3)the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)结构，可
9、以用省略的形式The_more I read the book, the_more I liked it.这本书我越看越喜欢。The_more fruit and vegetables you eat, the_less chance you have of getting disease.你吃的蔬菜和水果越多，得病的可能性就越低。The_harder you work, the_more_progress you will make.你越努力，进步就越大。The_sooner,_the_better.越快越好。(1)单句语法填空The more you share, the _ you ge
10、t.The _ (difficult) the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.The more you practise, the_ (well) you can understand.答案：moremore difficultbetter(2)单句写作我们越能享受已有的东西，我们就越快乐。_ we can enjoy what we have, _ we are.答案：The more; the happier4upset adj. 心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt. (upset; upset) 使烦恼；使生气；
11、搅乱；碰倒；打翻(教材P32)归纳拓展(1)be upset about/by sth. 为某事烦心be upset that . 让人不安(2)upset ones stomach 使肠胃不适My best friend tells me that I am silly to be_upset_about this.我最好的朋友说我要是为这事而沮丧难过就真够傻的。(2019全国卷)He was_very_upset_that he couldnt earn enough money to support his family. 他因赚不到足够的钱养家糊口而非常难过。She stood up
12、suddenly, upsetting a glass of wine.她蓦然起身，碰倒了一杯酒。名师点津upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。(1)单句语法填空Walking towards the scene, Tennyson became very upset _ what had happened to the couple.She was upset _ her application for the position was refused.答案：aboutthat(2)单句写作尽管他迟到打乱了我们的安排，最终我们还是设法弥补了。Al
13、though his being late _， we managed to make up for it eventually.海鲜总是令我肠胃不适。Seafood always _.答案：upset our arrangementsupsets my stomach5familiar adj. 熟悉；熟知(教材P33)归纳拓展(1)sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对某物很熟悉 sth.be familiar to sb.sth.be known to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉 (2)familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓；亲近；友好随和The theme park
14、 you are probably most familiar_with is Disneyland.你最熟悉的主题公园大概就是迪士尼公园。The smell is very familiar_to everyone who lives near a bakery.这种味道对于住在面包店附近的任何人都是很熟悉的。When she saw the house, she had a feeling of familiarity.她见到这座房子就有一种熟悉的感觉。(1)单句语法填空Are you familiar _ the computer software they use? Your name
15、 is familiar _ me.Her _ (familiar) with Japanese surprised me. 答案：withtofamiliarity(2)单句写作任何关注这个案件的人都熟悉它的细节。The details _ anyone who has followed the case.答案：are familiar to6keep ( . ) in mind 牢记(教材P33)归纳拓展记住keep up 坚持；保持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep it up 继续做/保持下去keep up with 赶上；不落在后面keep away from (使)不接近；(使)远离k
16、eep in touch with 与保持联系keep ones word 信守诺言keep (on) doing sth. 一直/继续做某事keep . out of 不使入内；置身于之外keep back 控制；抑制；隐瞒I hope you will keep_in_mind what I am saying. 我希望你把我所说的话记在心里。We must keep_in_mind_that we are not children any more, and we should be independent. 我们必须牢记，我们不再是孩子，我们应该独立了。In the face of t
17、he challenge for the moment, its the most important to keep_up a good state of health.面对目前的挑战，最重要的是保持良好的健康状态。If you dont keep_away_from the dog, you may be bitten. 如果你不避开那只狗，你可能会被咬伤。(1)单句语法填空Try to keep in mind _ this is a serious matter. Ive been working twelve hours a day, but I shall not be able
18、to keep _ up.答案：thatit(2)单句写作在要求涨工资之前，切记公司最近的财务状况不佳。Before you ask for a raise in salary, _ that the company isnt doing well financially right now.我会牢记你的建议。Ill _.答案：keep/bear in mindkeep/bear your advice in mind学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1(2019全国卷)Data and identity _ (偷窃) becomes more and more common. 答案：theft2I
19、 _ (点击) on the link to the next page of the website.答案：clicked3The university will reach its _ (目标) of 5,000 students next September.答案：target4The above case study is just an example to serve as a _ (指导原则)答案：guideline5He is the _ (作家) of three books on art.答案：author.单句语法填空1I must offer him an apolog
20、y for my _ (rude) last night. 答案：rudeness2He read the letter later in the _ (private) of his own room.答案：privacy3I remembered a _ (particularly) story about a postman who was a murderer.答案：particular4He hates to give speeches in public. Its so_ (embarrass). 答案：embarrassing5You must avoid _ (give) ou
21、t any information concerning privacy.答案：giving.单句写作1我们特别强调这一点。We stress that point _.答案：in particular2他愈解释，我们愈糊涂。_ he explained, _ we were puzzled. 答案：The more; the more3游客们对这些美景都很熟悉，因为他们在别的城市也见过。All these beauties will already _ the visitors, who have seen them also in other cities. 答案：be familiar
22、to4请记住，这个博客不是为我开的，而是为你开的。Please _ that this blog is not about me; it is about you. 答案：keep/bear in mind5别取笑别人生理上的缺陷。Dont _ someones physical handicap. 答案：make fun of课后课时作业阅读理解ABuying books on the Internet is a great way to save time and money. Online bookstores offer new books and used books that ca
23、n save you lots of money. They are far better compared to traditional bookstores as they offer much broader kinds of books. Another advantage of shopping online is that you can also read the book reviews as well as readers reviews to get an idea whether the book is worth buying. Online bookstores of
24、fer great discounts to regular customers which is a big attraction for book lovers. For book lovers, the most important thing is to get books on time. Therefore, you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to provide fast deliveries (送货). Here are some tips to use when choosing an
25、 online bookstore. Some online bookstores are popular for fiction books; some are for nonfiction books or novels, etc. Understanding their specialization will help you get the right kind of books in time. Check whether you will be buying the books from a thirdparty seller or directly from the websit
26、e. Although the website could be reputable (声誉好的), thirdparty sellers advertised on their site may not have a good reputation. Never jump at stores that offer super cheap prices, as books sold at such low prices could be in very bad condition.Most of the popular online bookstores offer useful tools.
27、 One tool is a wish list tool on its website. You can update the list of books you wish to buy in the future. The bookstore will know what you want and will email you immediately when the book of your choice is available. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在网上买书的优点，并且给了一些需要注意的建议，让读者能够又快又省地在网上买到想要的书。1Why do you th
28、ink online bookstores are much better than traditional ones? ABecause online bookstores offer readers the latest books. BBecause online bookstores offer readers more kinds of books to choose from. CBecause online bookstores offer readers the lowest prices. DBecause online bookstores offer readers mo
29、re about their favorite authors.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“They are far better compared to traditional bookstores as they offer much broader kinds of books.”可知，网上书店的好处就是比实体书店可供选择的种类更多，故选B。2How can a reader buy a worthy book when shopping online?ABy comparing service.BBy asking for discounts. CBy reading o
30、nline reviews.DBy asking booksellers for advice.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段第四句中的“you can also read the book reviews as well as readers reviews to get an idea whether the book is worth buying”可知，在网上选书时可以查看其他读者的评价来评估书本好坏，故选C。3What do online book lovers care about most?AThe speed of deliveries.BThe author of books
31、. CThe prices of books.DThe condition of books.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“For book lovers, the most important thing is to get books on time.”可知，对于网络顾客来说最重要的是送货速度，送货速度属于服务类别，故选A。4The wish list tool can help readers _.Alearn about the number of the booksBget to know more reliable booksellers Cpay for their
32、books more quicklyDbuy their favorite books in time答案：D推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“The bookstore will know what you want and will email you immediately when the book of your choice is available.”可推知，读者可以通过心愿单工具来及时买到想要的书，故选D。1review n. (对书籍、戏剧、电影等的)评介，评论2specialization n. 专门化；特殊化1compared to 与相比2jump at 欣然接受；急切地
33、接受BChildren are now more likely to want to work in social media or gaming than traditional careers, a survey has found. According to the new research, many seven to elevenyearolds are looking at modern technology when they think about future jobs, rather than professions such as police officer or do
34、ctor. Childrens career aspirations are often based on factors such as gender stereotypes or what theyve seen in the media, TV and film.Around 21% said they wanted to be sportsmen or sportswomen, followed by 11% wanting to be teachers, and 7% wanting to be vets. Another 6% wanted to work in social me
35、dia and gaming. This was a sign that there had been “a shift in the aspirations of children, built largely upon new communication methods and the growth of online and consolebased gaming”“For more and more children and young people, online celebrities and YouTube gaming vloggers have taken the place
36、 of TV and movie stars，” the report said. Social media and gaming is the fourth most popular career choice for children, while singer/musician and actor/actress further down the list at ninth and thirteenth.“It could be argued that this is due to the growing fame and attraction of YouTube and video
37、blogging stars, who are especially popular among younger audience.” Also, these choices may also speak to childrens present worlds. Many seven to elevenyearolds will spend their time gaming and perhaps simultaneously watching celebrity gaming bloggers instructing them how to do it.The survey found t
38、hat 5% of children who took part wanted to be in the police, with the same proportion planning on becoming doctors. A gender breakdown shows the top job choice for girls was teacher (19%), followed by vet (11%) and sportswoman (9%), while for boys it was sportsman (34%) followed by social media and
39、gaming (9%) and police (8%)This highlights the pressing need for closer ties between employers and schools, to make sure that all children have access to role models in a wide range of sectors to help them develop an awareness of career options at an early age. “This is important to ensure that all
40、childrenregardless of gender and backgroundscan fulfill their full potential.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项调查发现：比起传统的职业，现在的孩子们更想在社交媒体和游戏等领域工作。5What is concluded in the study?AChildren prefer online celebrities to an actor now.BChildren spend more time playing games.CChildren are addicted to social media.DCh
41、ildren know nothing but modern technology.答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，研究证明了现在的年轻人更喜欢社交媒体和游戏方面的工作，而不是当演员等。6What has contributed to changing childrens career aspiration?AGender stereotypes.BThe new methods of communication.CTheir different backgrounds.DTheir level of education.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，年轻人职业态度的改
42、变，是基于交流方式的变化。7What do the numbers in the last but second paragraph suggest?AVets are disliked by girls as a job.BGirls arent suitable for police.CGender influences childrens choice of a job.DSports stars are popular with boys and girls.答案：C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的数字可推知，性别影响孩子的职业选择。8Why do children need a
43、n awareness of career choices early?AThey can build close relationship with employers.BThey can work in different sectors.CThey can become role models.DThey can explore their potential fully.答案：D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，孩子们对于职业选择了解越早，越有利于他们发挥最大的潜力。1aspiration n. 渴望；抱负；志向2stereotype n. 老一套；刻板印象3vet n. 兽医4s
44、imultaneously adj. 同时地regardless of 不顾；不管应用文写作(2019福建省厦门市高三年级第一次质量检查)假定你是李华，你校英国交流生Jacob有意参加汉语水平口语考试，向你咨询有关信息。请你通过邮件向他推荐以下网站，并简要介绍网站上的相关信息，如考试方式、考试时间等。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：纸笔考试 paperbased test；网络考试 Internetbased test 精彩范文Dear Jacob，Knowing that you intend to assess your spoken Chinese,
45、 Im writing to recommend you a website and I hope it can be of some help. is a website for HSKKan official test for oral Chinese. It offers testrelated information including date, registration and regulation. You can decide on the test date based on it. To take the test, you need to register both paperbased and Internetbased tests beforehand. Do remember not to miss the deadline, for they are different. To get a good result, keep on practicing. Itll help develop fluency of your Chinese. If you need any help, Id love to provide further support. Wish you success!Yours, Li Hua