1、河北省行唐县2015高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（4）及答案阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Three years ago, the president of Harvard, Lawrence H. Summers, got into trouble for questioning womens“intrinsic (内在的)aptitude (能力)”for science and engineering. Recently, a study paid for by Americas National Science Foundation has
2、found that girls perform as well as boys on standardized math tests. Although boys in high school performed better than girls in math 20 years ago, the researchers found that is no longer the case. The reason, they said, is simple: Girls used to take fewer advanced math courses than boys, but now th
3、ey are taking just as many. “Now that enrollment in advanced math courses is equalized, we dont see gender differences in test performance,” said Marcia C. Linn of the University of California, Berkeley, a co-author of the study. “But people are surprised by these findings, which suggests to me that
4、 the stereotypes are still there.”The researchers looked at the average test scores of all students, the performance of the most gifted children and the ability to solve complex math problems. They found, in every category, that girls did as well as boys. Janet Hyde, a professor at the University of
5、 Wisconsin, Madison, who led the study, said the stereotypes about girls and math, had taken a toll (造成伤害). “The stereotype that boys do better at math is still held widely by teachers and parents,” hyde said. “And teachers and parents guide girls, giving them advice about what courses to take, what
6、 careers to pursue. I still hear anecdotes about guidance counselors (顾问)steering (指导)girls away from engineering, telling them they wont be able to do the math.”The study also analyzed the gender gap on the math section of the SAT. Since more girls than boys go to college, about 100, 000 more girls
7、 than boys take the test, including lower-achieving girls who bring down the girls average score.1. What might be the reason to carry out the study? A. To put Harvard University to shame for its presidents prejudice against girls. B. To find out if theres any gender gap in science. C. To help girls
8、to earn equal social status as boys. D. To enroll more girls in advanced math courses in the university. 2. Which statement about peoples opinions of girls is NOT true? A. People still find it hard to believe average girls perform in math as well as boys. B. Highly educated people are more likely to
9、 accept the fact that girls can do well in math. C. Many teachers and parents advise girls to avoid careers like engineering based on their talent. D. Some guidance counselors think careers related with math are not suitable for girls. 3. We can learn from the text EXCEPT _.A. girls used to perform
10、worse than boys in math because they didnt take as many advanced math coursesB. the stereotype about girls and math may lead to misguided choice of future careersC. the average lower scores of girls in SAT math test prove that boys do better in mathD. the public doesnt accept outspoken prejudice aga
11、inst girls talent for math despite the stereotype4. The main purpose of writing the passage is to_.A. report the findings of a research into girls math abilityB. criticize those who hold the wrong belief that girls cannot do well in mathC. prove that the stereotype that girls do worse in math is wro
12、ngD. help girls regain confidence in learning math well 【参考答案】14、BBCA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014界河北省衡水中学二模】AAndy is the most unreasonable, pigheaded life form in the world, and he makes me so angry I could scream! Of course, I love him like a brother. I have to because he is my brother
13、. More than that, he is my twin! Thats right. Andy and Amy(thats me) have the same curly(卷曲的) hair and dark eyes and equally stubborn character. Yet, though we may look alike, on most issues(事情) we usually take completely opposite positions. If I say day, you can count on Andy to say night.Just this
14、 week, the hot topic in school was all about the PTAS proposal(提议) to adopt a school dress principle. Every student would be required to wear a uniform. Uniforms! Can you imagine? Oh, they would be uniforms in color. The dress style would be sort of loose and free. I think a dress principle is a goo
15、d idea. The reason is simple. School is tough enough without worrying about looking cool every single day. The fact is, the less I have to decide first thing in the morning, the better. I also wouldnt mind not having to see guys wearing oversized jeans and shirts. And I certainly would welcome not s
16、eeing kids showing off designer clothes. Andy is surprised at my opinion. He says he cant believe that I would be willing to give up my all-American teenage birthright by dressing like well, like a typical teenager. Last night, he even dragged out Mom and Dads high school photo albums. What a couple
17、 of peace-loving hippies(嬉皮士) they were!The vote for or against uniforms took place later that day. The results of the vote and the headmasters decision will be announced next week. I wonder what it will be. I know how I voted, and Im pretty sure I know how Andy voted.How would you votefor or agains
18、t?56. The story is about_.A. a school policy decision that will affect parents and studentsB. a personal experience and is told in the first personC. a historical event and is told in the third personD. a conflict of opinions between boys and girls57.Amys position on school uniforms is most likely b
19、ased on_.A. logical conclusions drawn form her own observation and personal experienceB. an aggressive reaction to what she has been told by people in authorityC. her preference for designer-labeled clothesD. not liking anything her brother likes58. Which of the following is the best statement of An
20、dys position?A. School clothing should reflect parents values.B. Teenagers should never follow the latest fashions in dress.C. How one dresses should be an expression of ones individuality.D. Wearing school uniforms means one less decision every morning.59. What is the best title for the text?A. A S
21、chool Dress Principle. B. My Stubborn Twin BrotherC. Endless Fights with My Brother D. For or Against?- That Is the Question【参考答案】5659、BACD 【2014安徽省皖南八校第一次联考】ENobody likes home economics (家政学). But restoring the program could help us in the fight against obesity and chronic (慢性的) diseases today.The
22、home economics movement was founded on the belief that housework and food preparation were important subjects that should be studied scientifically. The first classes occurred in the agricultural and technical colleges that were built in the 1860s. When most departments of universities rejected wome
23、n, home economics was a back door into higher education.Indeed, in the early 20th century, home economics was a serious subject When few people understood germ (微生物) theory and almost no one had heard of vitamins, home economics classes offered vital information about washing hands regularly, eating
24、 fruits and vegetables and not feeding coffee to babies.However, today we remember only the fixed ideas about home economics, forgetting the movements most important lessons on healthy eating and cooking. Too many Americans simply dont know how to cook. Our diets, consisting of highly processed food
25、s made cheaply outside the home, have contributed to many serious health problems. In the last decade, many cities and states have tried to tax junk food heavily or to ban the use of food stamps (食品券) to buy soda. Clearly, many people are doubtful about any governmental steps to promote healthy eati
26、ng. But what if the government put the tools of obesity prevention in the hands of children themselves by teaching them how to cook?My first experience with home economics happened two decades ago when I was a seventh grader in a North Carolina public school. A year later, my fathers job took our fa
27、mily to Wales, where I attended a large school for a few months. It was the first time I had ever really cooked anything. I remember that it was fun, and with an instructor standing by, it wasnt hard. Those lessons stuck with me when I first started cooking for my husband and myself after college an
28、d they still do. Teaching cooking in public schools can help solve some problems facing Americans t day. The history of home economics shows its possible.72. Home economics_.A. is a subject becoming more and more popular with AmericansB. is often used to help fight against obesity and chronic diseas
29、esC. once offered women a. special approach to university educationD. was first taught in the agricultural and technical colleges in the early 1900s73. The third paragraph mainly tells us_ .A. the importance of regular hand washingB. the health benefits of fruits and vegetablesC. the contents of hom
30、e economics classes in the early 20th centuryD. the significance of teaching home economics in the early 20th century 74. In the opinion of the author, how should we fight against childhood obesity?A. Children should be taught how to cook.B. A heavy tax should be put on junk foodC. Healthy eating sh
31、ould be promoted at schoolD. Using food stamps to buy soda should be banned75. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A. Her family moved frequently in her childhood.R Cooking classes have a far-reaching influence on her later life.C. To receive a better education, she went to a large scho
32、ol in Wales.D. Teaching cooking is the key to solving Americans health problems.【参考答案】72-75 CDAB阅读理解It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries. Then one day. Some visitors from the city arrived
33、. The told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frogs legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other place. This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use t
34、o the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a batter future. But the dream didnt las
35、t long. The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately. The villagers decided that they couldnt just wait to see the crops failing and the childr
36、en getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left. Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadnt been useless. They had been doing an important job-eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the
37、insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning. ( ) 1. From paragraph I w
38、e learn that the villagers _. A. worked very hard for centuries B. dreamed of having a better life C. were poor but somewhat content D. lived a different life from their forefathers ( ) 2. Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs? A. the frogs were easy money B. They needs money to buy medicine C.
39、they wanted to please the visitors D. the frogs made too much noise ( ) 3. What might be the cause of the childrens sickness? A. the crops didnt do well B. there were too many insects C. the visits brought in diseases D. the pesticides were overused ( ) 4. What can we infer from the last sentence of
40、 the text? A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country B. Health is more important than money C. The harmony between man and nature is important D. good old day will never be forgotten 1. C.细节理解题.第一段中有 The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy.和 C 项意思一致. 2. A.细节理解题.根据第三段和本段第一句 Th
41、is seemed like money for nothing.句中 for nothing 是免费的意思,说明青蛙容易得到,并能赚到钱,村民才答应买. 3. B.推理判断题.根据倒数第二段中 They had been doing an important job-eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.可以推断出庄稼收成不好, 孩子生病与青蛙减少,
42、害虫增多有关. 4. C.推理判断题.最后一句 These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning. 现 在夜晚的这些声音具有更深刻的意义. 该句是一个中介句, 说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡, 由此也影响了人类,因此,可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要。阅读下列短文,从每题所给出的四个选项(A,B,C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。 Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the e
43、xistence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives. This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sen
44、se of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us? Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire
45、 to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common
46、wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction(交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate
47、 with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen. The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Othe
48、r wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own. ( ) 1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves_ A. the close connection between man and the fantasy world B. the won
49、derful achievements of fantasy literature C. the fine taste of moviegoers around the world D. the general existence of the sense of curiosity ( ) 2. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy. B. The world around us could
50、serve as a source of wonder. C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond. D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder. ( ) 3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will_ A. fail to appreciate the joy in our lives B. be
51、confused by the world of make-believe C. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world D. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us ( ) 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world. B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world. C. To argue a
52、gainst the misuse of the sense of wonder. D. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe. 【语篇解读 语篇解读】本文是一篇论说文,介绍了我们每一个人都有好奇心,总是幻想美好的世界, 语篇解读 但同时,告诫我们,不要沉迷在幻想之中,现实世界也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生 的根源. 1. 答案 D 【解析】细节理解题.由第二段可知,举 The Lord of the Rings 这个例子是为了证明人们的 好奇心是普遍存在的.所以答案选 D 项. 2. 答案 B 【解析】 推理判断题. Wi
53、thout modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals.这句话告诉我们,如果没有现代技 术, 即使一个小小的池塘也能成为一个令人惊异的世界. 从而我们可以推测出我们现实世界 也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生的根源. 3. 答案 A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据 The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world.可知,如果幻想成为我们好奇感的唯一出路 的话,我们就会失去一些东西,就会失去与现实世界的联系,我们也就不能体会到我们现实 生活中的快乐.由此判断选 A 项. 4. 答案 B 【解析】作者意图题.由文章最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章的目的就是要告诉我们不要沉 迷在幻想之中.由此判断选 B 项.
