1、选修8Unit 1A land of diversity单词拓展1.majorityn.大多数;大半majorvi.专修;主攻 adj.主要的 2.occur vi.发生;出现occurrencen.发生的事 3.hire vt.& n.租用;雇用4.elect vt.选择;选举某人electionn.当选;选举5.indicate vt.指出;表明;暗示indicationn.迹象 6.applicant n.申请人applyv.申请;使用;应用applicationn.申请 7.customs n.海关;关税customn.风俗;习惯customern.顾客,客户8.apparent ad
2、j.显而易见的apparentlyadv.显而易见地 9.slip vi.滑动;滑行 n.滑动;滑倒slippern.拖鞋 10.reform v.& n.改革;改造reformern.改革者;革新者 11.means n.手段;方法12.grasp vt.& n.抓住;掌握13.nowhereadv.无处;到处都无14.authorityn.权威;权力15.percentage n.百分比;百分率16.boomn. (人口、贸易的)繁荣短语记忆1.take in包括;吸收2.a great/good many许多;很多3.team up with与合作或一起工作4.make a life习惯
3、于新的生活方式、工作等5.by means of.用办法;借助6.keep up维持;坚持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)7.live on继续存在;继续生存8.back to back背靠背9.mark out用线画出范围;标出界线10.apply for申请;请示得到句型整理1.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。2.However,it is likely that Native Americ
4、ans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而,很可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。1.means n.C方法;手段(单复数同形)归纳拓展by means of 用办法;借助by all means 当然可以;一定;务必;尽一切办法by this means 通过这种方式by any means 无论如何by no means 决不;一点都不(位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装)高考运用:完成句子But he is providing a few years during which t
5、he farmers will,perhaps,be able to find (其他适应的办法).(2019江苏,阅读理解D) (尽一切办法),we should take immediate action to protect our environment.(绝不)should we give in to difficulty.Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important(交通方式).答案:other means of adaptingBy all meansBy no meansmeans of transportati
6、on词语辨析:means表示“方法、手段、工具”,常与介词by搭配。method指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象的原理,常与介词with搭配。way是最通用的词,本意是“通路”,引申作“方式、方法”讲,含义很广。常与介词in搭配。approach也有“方法,步骤,途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式,常与介词to搭配。I like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。All possible means have been tried.所有可行的方法都试过了。Mr.Su adopted a new method of teac
7、hing.苏老师采用了一种新的教学方法。Animals communicate in various ways.动物用各种不同的方式交流。means用作“方式,方法”讲时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。若every/each/one/a means作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。2.majority n.大多数;大半归纳拓展the majority of.大多数的major in 主修in the majority 占多数高考运用:完成句子For example,if you look at the audience at a cla
8、ssical concert, (绝大多数) is over the age of fifty. (大多数的) them take an online language test before starting their programme.Young people (占了多数) at the meeting.答案:the majorityThe majority ofwere in the majority当a/the majority of作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。当the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数都可以。3.occur vi.发生;出现归纳拓展
9、It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事 高考运用:完成句子A great decline in young work force is likely to (发生) in China,for instance.(2019江苏卷) (我突然想起) to visit my parents.It suddenly (他突然想到) that he had left his keys in the office.答案:occurIt occurred to meoccurred to him写作联想:高考运用其他表达方式It struck me that I should v
10、isit my parents.It occurred to me that I should visit my parents.表达“发生”之意时,occur与happen可以互换;另外occur,happen,take place,break out等表示“发生;爆发”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。occur结构中主语不能是人,而是想到的事情或it。4.take in包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留归纳拓展take apart拆开;剖析take on 呈现;开始雇用;与较量take up 占去,占据;开始从事take away 拿走;消除(病痛等)take down 记下来;拆掉t
11、ake over接管;接替高考运用:语法填空Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take all the sights,sounds and sensations.(2019天津,阅读理解D)Vera Wang,Alexander Wang,Jason Wu are takingGalliano,Albaz,Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales.(2019全国,阅读理解B)Peter will take his post as the head of th
12、e travel agency at the end of next month.答案:inonup5.team up with与合作或一起工作归纳拓展catch up with赶上put up with忍受end up with以结束come up with想出高考运用:完成句子Why dont you (与合作) Helen for the next part?They had encouraged Mac to carry on,and they would (赶上) him soon.(2019浙江卷)I cannot (忍受) such hot weather any longer.
13、The meeting (以结束) an encouraging song.答案:team up withcatch up withput up withended up with6.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。归纳拓展That/ This is/was why.那/这就是为什么(why从句表示结果)That/ This is/was because.那/这是因为(because从
14、句表示原因)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(表语从句常用that引导,而不用because)高考运用:语法填空Not everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.(2019北京,七选五)Tom came late for the meeting.That was he was ill.The reason the students favor the first one they can carry it with them wherever they go.答案:whybecausewhy;is that写作联想:高考运用其他表达方式Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.Owing to the fact that Tom was ill,he was late for the meeting.