1、Unit 1Science FictionUsing Language词汇积淀素养初探. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语1. Theres a rumour (谣言) going round that Sue and David are having an affair. 2. The satellite enables us to calculate (计算)their precise location anywhere in the world. 3. So far, 105 exhibitors from eight countries have been shown at th
2、e fairs offline exhibition venue(会场). 4. The second option is technically superior(占优势的) but it demands higher-performance equipment. 5. Children in poor communities are at much greater risk of child labour(劳动) and child marriage. 6. From animals we get such materials as wool, silk, leather(皮革) and
3、furs. 7. Instead of making progress, my work actually seems to be going backwards(向后). 8. The mountains and villages became a hazy(朦胧的) fairyland after rain hit this village in Zhangjiajie city. 9. There was no tap water, no electricity. We had to fetch(去取) water from more than a kilometer away. 10.
4、 Mother puts perfume on her handkerchief (手绢)to make it smell pleasant. 11. If the government continues to ignore the rising public complaints and social division(分隔) in the US, it will cause more damage to the country. 12. Regardless of how creative and skillful you are, we urge(敦促) you not to do t
5、his. 13. Its a great idea to take a bus or subway to some random(随机的) place, then just get out and walk around. 14. I need the maximum (最大量的)amount of information you can give me. 15. A tanker truck loaded with liquefied gas exploded(爆炸) on a highway in that province on Saturday, killing at least 19
6、 people. . 选词填空on a. . . basis, pros and cons, superior to, conflict with, turn out, fall away, have an urge to, (be) aware of, be charged with, be adapted into, regard. . . as, begin with, take over, make a note of, as long as 1. The teams success is most important and superior to his personal goal
7、s. 2. To be honest, I think shell turn out to be one of the most forward-thinking kids in her class. 3. When you are faced with your approaching death, the physical details of life fall away. 4. How much money do you plan to keep in your account on a regular basis? 5. Pick a workout hour. Make your
8、exercise time when it isnt likely to conflict with other plans. 6. When you havent been skiing for while, for instance, you may have an urge to go again. 7. Therefore, Chinese families should decide to send their children abroad for studies only after considering all the pros and cons. 8. The three
9、accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted murder. 9. “The East Is Red” was adapted into an art film and received praises from both home and abroad. 10. Mr Brown is more than a teacher; most of his pupils regard him as their friend. 11. Scan the newspaper article and make a note of
10、the main point. 12. Well let ourselves in trouble if we take over this business. 13. When you write a sentence, you must begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop. 14. One positive impact of COVID-19 is that ordinary people have become more aware of food conservation. 15. He promised to k
11、eep supporting her as long as she is willing to pursue advanced studies. 阅读精研素养构建. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息1. What makes the traveller think that the time machine works? A. The change of time on a clock. B. The lab that looks different. C. The strange feeling in mind. D. The trick the machin
12、e plays on him. 2. Why is the author invisible to his niece? A. Because he is hidden from her. B. Because they are not in the same time. C. Because there is no lamp in the room. D. Because he moves like a rocket. 3. How does the time traveller feel when travelling through time? A. Excited. B. Relaxe
13、d. C. Unfortunate. D. Uncomfortable. 4. Why is the time traveller worried about stopping the machine? A. An accident can happen. B. The machine will turn over. C. An explosion may take place. D. The machine has no brakes. 答案: 14. ABDC. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句译文: 今天十点钟, 第一台时间机器开始了它的工作生涯。
14、(2)But if I stopped and the same space was being 并列连词条件状语从句occupied by something else, we would be forced together 主语and explode like a bomb! 并列谓语译文: 但如果我停下来, 发现同一空间被别的东西占据了, 我们就会被迫撞到一起, 像炸弹一样爆炸! 2. 根据课文内容填空It was ten oclock and after giving the time machine (1)a last check, I gave the starting leve
15、r a slight push. Everything (2)seemed (seem) unchanged, but when I saw the clock, it was already half past three. Much to my (3)excitement (excite) , more than five hours had passed in a flash. Then the machine sped up and the lab around me went hazy. I even became invisible to my niece who came int
16、o the lab (4)to fetch (fetch) her handkerchief. It was not a comfortable journey. When my pace grew faster, the walls of the lab fell away and I (5)was left (leave) in the open air. Everything was changing so fast before my eyes, as I was being pushed through time (6)at hundreds of years a minute. I
17、 had a strong urge to stop the machine and look at the random (7)things (thing) that were being flashed before my eyes, but (8)what worried me most was that (9)stopping (stop) the machine might cause an unexpected (10)explosion (explode), which is dangerous. With carefulness, I stopped the machine a
18、nd found that I had travelled thousands of years into the future. 3. 阅读主题活动(1)If you have a time machine, what period in time do you want to travel to? I want to travel to the Tang Dynasty, when the people enjoyed a happy and romantic life. Perhaps, I would meet Li Bai and talk about his poems in pe
19、rson. (2)What does your imaginary time machine look like? My imaginary time machine is a saucer-shaped flying vehicle, which can fly and rotate at light speed. 要点精研素养奠基1. fare n. 车费; 船费; 飞机票价; 乘客*She would have five shillings after paying tram fare. 付了电车费后, 她还会剩下五先令。*How much is the single fare to G
20、lasgow? 去格拉斯哥的单程票多少钱? *The taxi driver picked up a fare at the station. 出租车司机在车站拉了一个乘客。bus (air/ taxi/ car/train / rail)fare公交车(飞机, 出租车, 汽车, 火车)费用return fare来回路费【易混辨析】fare/fee/cost辨析fare指旅客乘公共汽车、出租车、火车、轮船、飞机等所支付的费用。fee医生、律师或其他专门职业的佣金及会费、手续费、停车费等。cost“成本”、“原价”, 常用来表示对已取得的货物或劳务所支付的费用。通常不会用人来当主语【即学活用】选
21、择适当的词填空(fare, fee, cost)(1)The train fare has already been taken out from his salary. (2)The doctors fee was fifty dollars for a complete physical examination. (3)They reduced the cost of production, so as to fetch down the price of the products. 2. superior adj. 更好的, 占优势的; (在级别或重要性上)更高的n. 上级, 长官; 优
22、胜者*A few years ago it was impossible to find superior quality coffee in local shops. 几年前在当地的商店里不可能买到上好的咖啡。*We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends. 我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。*He always does what his superiors tell him. 他惟上级之命是从。superior to sb. /sth. 比(在品质上)更好; 更胜一筹su
23、perior to sb. (在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的superior in 在方面优越superior quality优质, 上等品; 高级货品superior court高等法院; 上级法院【名师点津】superior的易错点superior用作形容词时, 本身含有“较”的意思, 故不再有比较级或最高级形式, 用“superior to”表示“两事物的比较”。【即学活用】语法填空(1)At the meeting, experts stated this method was superior to others. (2)He was valued by both his peer
24、and his superiors(superior). 3. conflict with与冲突或抵触*These results conflict with earlier findings. 这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。*She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。(1) conflict vi. 冲突, 抵触(2) conflictn. 冲突, 矛盾; 斗争in conflict with和冲突come into conflict with 和冲
25、突resolve the conflict 解决矛盾conflict of interest 利益冲突【即学活用】语法填空(1)It is a statement in conflict with other evidence. (2)If so, your points of view are bound to conflict with his. (3)My interests come into conflict with yours. 4. take over 接收; 接管; 接替*Im going to take over the company one day. 我总有一天会接管这
26、家公司。*The state may take over urban or rural land. 国家可以对城乡土地实行征用。*Try not to let negative thoughts take over. 尽量别受消极的想法左右。take off 脱去(衣服等); (飞机等)起飞; 成功take on 呈现; 雇用; 承担take up 拿起; 着手处理; 占据(时间、空间等)take in收留; 吸收; 欺骗; 领会; 理解【即学活用】选择适当的词语填空(take over, take on, take up, take off, take in)(1)Its still far
27、 from clear what action the government proposes to take over the affair. (2)While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge. (3)Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month to increase output. (4)We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up. (5)T
28、he accident happened as the jet was about to take off. 5. labour n. 劳动(者); 体力劳动 vi. 奋斗; 努力工作*The company wants to keep down labour costs. 公司想保持低劳动成本。*She often does volunteer labour during holidays. 放假时她常参加义务劳动。*We laboured all day in the fields. 我们在田地里辛勤劳动了一整天。(1) a labour of love爱做的事情manual(physic
29、al)labour体力劳动cheap labour廉价劳动力labour force 劳动力(2) labour to do. . . 艰难地去做labour away 努力去做(艰难的事)【即学活用】(1)It is necessary for us to take part in physical/ manual labour. 我们参加体力劳动是十分必要的。(2)We regard labour as a matter of honour. 我们认为劳动是光荣的事。(3)The owner of the shop laboured to please his customers. 店主竭
30、尽全力取悦顾客。6. backwards adv. 向后; 倒着; 往回*I lost my balance and fell backwards. 我没有站稳, 向后摔倒了。*She was rocking backwards and forwards in her seat. 她在座位上前摇后晃。*Ive bent over backwards to help him. 我已尽最大努力帮助他。(1) backwards and forwards来回地bend over backwards 竭尽全力(取悦别人)(2 )backwardadj. 向后的; 倒退的; 落后的backward ar
31、ea落后地区【即学活用】(1)Travelling backwards and forwards every day cost him too much money. 每天来回花了他太多的钱。(2)She looked backwards when she heard someone calling her. 当她听见有人叫她时, 她向后看了看。7. fetch vt. (去)拿来; (去)请来*Well send someone along /over to fetch it. 我们将派人来取。*Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of glo
32、ves and a fan! 马上跑回家去, 给我拿一双手套和一把扇子来! *The painting is expected to fetch up to $400, 000 at auction. 这幅画预计在拍卖会上能卖到40万美元。fetch sth. 去取(拿)fetch sb. sth. 替某人去取(拿)fetch in引进, 招来fetch up引起; 到达; 最终成为fetch out拿出; 引出; 使显出fetch and carry (for sb. ) 伺候; 为某人打杂【易混辨析】“拿来”“带走”知多少fetch去取来; 去拿回; 命令语气比较重bring从外面往里带,
33、 带过来take从里往外带, 带走, 带出【即学活用】选词填空(fetch, bring, take)(1)Ive trained my dog to fetch my slippers. (2)Please ask Uncle Tom to bring you here in August. (3)Remember to take your books when you leave. 8. turn out 关掉; 熄灭; 在场; 使朝外; 结果是*Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed. 临睡前别忘了关灯。*No one cou
34、ld have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way. 谁都没有预料到事情的结果会这样。*If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good works. 如果作家不深入群众, 就不会写出好作品来。turn down 关小; 拒绝turn away拒绝入内; 把打发走turn up出现; 露面; 调大turn to转向; 变成; 求助于; 翻到(书的某页)turn over打翻; 翻身; 移交【即学活用】选择适当的词语填空(tur
35、n out, turn down, turn up, turn away, turn to, turn over)(1)You cant expect everything to turn out as you wish. (2)Go down the street and turn to the left, youll see the theatre. (3)Hundreds of people had to be turned away because the stadium was so full that couldnt even admit one drop in. (4)We ar
36、ranged to meet at 7: 30, but she never turned up. (5)It remains a question whether we should accept or turn down his proposal. (6)He has been very lazy but he is going to turn over a new leaf and work hard. 9. division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)*I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six. 我女
37、儿6岁时, 我就教她怎样做除法。*He worked for a research division of it. 他为它的一个研究部门工作。*The division between the rich and the poor remains. 贫富对立依然存在。(1)division of / in/ within. . . 某方面的差异/分割division of. . . between A and BA 和B在某方面的差异/分割(2)dividev. (使)分开; 分配; 分隔divide (sth. ) into 分成; 分为; 把分割成divide(sth. ) by除以; 用除
38、divide(sth. ) up /out 瓜分; 分割; 分配divide sth. between. . . and. . . 把(时间、精力等)分别用于【易混辨析】divide把整体分为若干部分, 常与into搭配separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来, 常与from搭配【即学活用】语法填空(1)There are deep divisions(division) in the party over the war. (2)The ideal division(divide) of labor in the computer age is very clear: The c
39、omputer should do the work, and the person should do the thinking. (3)We can also divide the screen into quarters, sixths, and so on. (4)England is separated from France by the English Channel. 10. urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动 vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐*It is all very well to urge people to give more to charity when the
40、y have less, but is it really fair? 这样好倒是好, 当他们自己却没那么多东西的时候, 却敦促人们给慈善机构捐更多东西, 这真的公平吗? *Looking at all the accusing faces, she felt a sudden urge to run away. 看着一张张脸上那责备的神情, 她突然想赶快溜走。*The authorities urged that every citizen focus attention on the security of food in the early spring. 在早春的时候, 政府敦促每个市
41、民关注食品安全。(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge/it is urged that. . . (should) do sth. 极力主张做某事(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事(3)urgentadj. 紧急的; 迫切的urgencyn. 紧急; 催促【即学活用】语法填空(1)Our teacher urges us to study (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near. (2)I have an urge to help people
42、out when theyre in trouble. (3)I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation. (4)There happens to be a particular urgency(urgent) in this case, and it would help if you could bend the rules. 11. random adj. 随机的; 不可思议的*She opened the book at random and starte
43、d reading. 她随意翻到一页就看了起来。*The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按随机顺序处理的。*We based our analysis on a random sample of more than 200 males. 我们随机抽取了200多名男性作为样本进行了分析。(1)at random胡乱地; 随便地; 任意地random sample/ selection随机抽样; 随意采样(2)randomly adv. 随便地, 任意地; 无目的地, 胡乱地(3)randomness n. 随意; 无安排; 不可测性
44、【即学活用】语法填空(1)He read a great deal, but at random for pleasure. (2)These temples are scattered randomly (random)over the mountain. (3)Einstein declared that randomness (random) rather than lawfulness is the characteristic of natural events. 12. It was at ten oclock today that the first of all Time Ma
45、chines began its career. 就是在今天十点钟, 第一台时间机器开始了它的工作。【句式解构】强调句结构: It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。注意: 1. 强调句中去掉it is和that之后, 句子仍然成立。2. 被强调成分不管是人还是物, 单数还是复数, be动词一律用is/was。3. 被强调成分为主语时, 仍然保持主格形式。*It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in
46、class. 正是他, 他的化学老师, 让保罗学会了在课堂上认真观察。*It was because of the heavy rain that he came late. 因为下大雨他才来晚的。*Was it last year that the building was completed? 这座大楼是去年建成的吗? 【即学活用】语法填空(1)Why was it that you were late for the meeting yesterday? (2)It is not only blind men who/that make such stupid mistakes. (3)
47、It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 【要点拾遗】1. on a. . . basis 根据; 以的方式(基准)*A good parent-children relationship should be set up on the basis of mutual understanding and respect. 良好的亲子关系应该建立在相互理解和尊重的基础上。*Some videos have been banned on the basis that th
48、ey are too violent. 有些录像带因暴力镜头过多而被查禁。*The theory seems to have no basis in fact. 这一理论似乎没有事实根据。on the basis of 根据; 基于on the basis that 基于on a daily/day-to-day/weekly/ regular basis 按每天每日每周一次/定期的标准 form the basis for 为打基础; 构成的基础【易混辨析】basis n. 基础; 根据多指无形或抽象的事物base n. /v. 基础; 基地多指有形或物质的东西foundation n. 基
49、础; 基地意义较具体, 常指基础或地基【即学活用】选词填空(basis, base, foundation)(1)Our mission was over, and went back to our base. (2)His research formed the basis of his new book. (3)He laid the foundation of his success by study and hard work. 2. fall away (逐渐)减少; 消失*If you take this medicine, all your pains and aches wil
50、l fall away. 你服下这个药, 一切疼痛就会消失。*The houses fell away as we left the city. 随着我们离城市越来越远, 房屋也逐渐在视线中消失了。*You will fall in love with life because you are no longer tied down by your insecurities, fears and negative beliefs. 你将爱上生活, 因为你不再被你的不安、害怕、消极的信念所牵制。*It is easy to fall into the habit of getting up la
51、te in the morning. 很容易养成早晨晚起床的习惯。fall ill生病fall asleep睡着; 入睡fall behind落在后面fall down倒下; 跌倒; 倒塌fall off下降; 跌落fall over跌倒fall in love with. . . 爱上fall into the habit of. . . 形成习惯【即学活用】(1)语法填空He always falls behind when we climb mountain. Dont put that glass on the edge of the table; it might fall off.
52、 I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall over. The pupils of the class fall into four groups. (2)I am very healthy, and I almost do not fall ill. 我很健康, 几乎没有生病。(3)Some people fall asleep easily, but then wake up time after time. 有些人很容易睡着, 但是会醒很多次。3. explode vi. &vt. 爆炸; 爆破*They were clearing
53、up when the second bomb exploded. 他们在清理时第二颗炸弹爆炸了。*The population explodes to 40, 000 during the tourist season. 旅游季节人数暴涨至4万。*There was a huge bang as if someone had exploded a rocket outside. 突然一声巨响, 仿佛有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。*Columbus helped to explode the theory that the earth was flat. 哥伦布帮助推翻了地球是平的理论。(1)ex
54、plode sth. 使爆炸; 推翻explode sth. into突然做起来; 突然活跃起来(2)explosion n. 爆炸; 爆发; 激增bomb/nuclear/gas explosion 炸弹核气体爆炸【即学活用】语法填空(1)The boss exploded (explode)with anger when he saw the sales report. (2)He only felt the dull pain exploding(explode) in his skull. (3)An underground organization has claimed respo
55、nsibility for the bomb explosion(explode). 4. The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. 太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛在天空中, 但很快就出现了白天和黑夜的分界线。【句式解构】进行时的被动语态, 译为: 正在被。 (1)表示某个时刻正在发生的被动动作。如: She is being examined by the doctor now. 她现在正在接受医生的检
56、查。(此时此刻正在发生)(2)表示某阶段正在进行的被动动作。如: A new factory is being built. 一座新工厂正在建造中。(3)少数及物动词的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。如: A party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举办一场晚会。*Bill is being taken to another hospital by an ambulance. 比尔正被救护车送往另一家医院。*A novel is being written by this famous writer. 这位著名作家正在写一部小说。*A medical grou
57、p is being sent to the flooded area tomorrow. 明天将派一个医疗队去受灾地区。【即学活用】(1)The patient is seriously ill and is being kept under continuous observation. 病人病情严重, 正在持续观察中。(2)The world as a whole could not gain more gold than was being mined each year. 整个世界每年获得的黄金不可能比每年开采的多。(3)She said that her bicycle was b
58、eing repaired by her father. 她说她的自行车正在由她父亲修理。读写结合表达升级科幻故事写作技巧本单元的写作属于新课标中的说明文或记叙文中的“想象性”作文。这类题目要求学生创造出从未接触甚至根本不存在的新形象。想象性写作允许自由想象、自主发挥的空间较大, 因此需要灵活的思维和丰富的想象力。科幻故事是用幻想的形式, 表现人类在未来世界的物质精神文化生活和科学技术远景, 其内容交织着科学事实和预见、想象。 科幻小说的特点是内容丰富、奇特, 并且情节合理。你校校报英语角举办科幻故事征文比赛, 请你写一个关于飞碟的故事参加比赛。内容包括: 1. 时间, 地点; 2. 主要情节
59、; 3. 你的感受。注意: 1词数80左右; 2. 故事题目已经给出, 不计入总词数。The Saucer_. 完成句子1. 晚上太热了, 我在帐篷里睡不着。It was so hot at night that I couldnt fall asleep in the tent. 2. 我爬出帐篷, 四处走动以便冷静下来。I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. 3. 突然, 一道亮光划过天空, 一个飞碟出现在我的帐篷附近。Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky a
60、nd a flying saucer appeared near my tent. 4. 它看起来就像我白天读的书里的一样。It looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day. 5. 我赶紧躲在一块石头后面, 看见一个外星人从一扇圆门里走了下来。I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door. 6. 他走进我的帐篷, 手里拿着什么东西出来了。He walked into my tent and came out
61、 with something in his hand. 7. 然后不明飞行物飞走了。我立刻跑进帐篷, 发现我的平板电脑不见了。The UFO then flew away. I immediately ran into my tent and found that my Pad was gone. 8. 我很困惑, 我不能相信我所看到的。I was so puzzled that I couldnt believe what I had seen. 句式升级9. 用so把句1 和句2合并成复合句。It was hot at night and I couldnt fall asleep in
62、 the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. 10. 用倒装句改写句3并用定语从句合并句3和句4。 Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day. The SaucerIt was hot at night and I
63、couldnt fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. The sky was clear and stars were shining. Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day.
64、 I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door. He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand. The UFO then flew away. I immediately ran into my tent and found that my Pad was gone. I was so puzzled that I couldnt believe what I had seen. But I decided
65、 that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him. 1. 话题词汇(1)robot 机器人(2) time travel时光之旅(3) alien 外星人(4)android 安卓, 仿生人(5)clone 克隆(6)cyberpunk 赛博朋克(7)virus 病毒(8) UFO (unidentified flying object)飞碟(9)cyberspace 赛博空间(10)death ray 死光(11) robotics 机器人技术(12)zero g 零重力(13) science fiction 科幻片(14) m
66、onster 怪物(15)spaceship 太空船(16) laser gun 激光枪(17)space battleship 宇宙战舰(18)parallel universe 平行宇宙(19)fantasy movie魔幻电影(20)satellite 卫星2. 科幻电影(1)The Butterfly Effect蝴蝶效应 (2) Jurassic Park侏罗纪公园(3)Men in Black黑衣人 (4)WALLE机器人总动员 (5)Planet of the Apes人猿星球 (6)The Matrix黑客帝国 (7)2001: A Space Odyssey2001太空漫游(
67、8)Inception盗梦空间 (9)Interstellar星际穿越 (10)Star Wars星球大战 (11)Artificial Intelligence: AI 人工智能 (12)Iron Man钢铁侠 (13)Back to the Future 回到未来 (14)Alien异形 (15)The Terminator终结者 (16)Avatar阿凡达 (17)E. T. : The ExtraTerrestrialE. T. 外星人 (18)The Wandering Earth流浪地球(19)Frankenstein科学怪人 (20)The three body problem三
68、体(21)They Live极度空间 (22)The Avengers复仇者联盟 (23)Transformers变形金刚 (24)Spider-Man蜘蛛侠 (25)20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea海底两万里 课时检测素养达标. 根据语境以及汉语提示写出正确单词1. I presume(假定) that you know what were talking about. 2. A round trip ticket saves you about 5 percent of the fare(车费). 3. As the chairwoman (女主席) of the
69、 Students Union, I arrange the meetings of the schools International Student Association on a regular basis. 4. The company wants to keep down labour(劳动力) costs. 5. The cake recipe calls for three eggs and two cups of flour(面粉). 6. I would travel up and down the East Coast from city to city like a t
70、raveling salesman(推销员). 7. It was an old-fashioned lift, operated by a lever(控制杆) on an iron box. 8. On the right hand side of the instrument panel(仪表盘), there is a display that indicates boost pressure, water temperature and fuel level. 9. The athlete was within an inch(英寸)of breaking the record. 1
71、0. Shanghai grows at a very fast pace(步伐) and the business environment in the city is becoming even better. 11. The light of a lamp(台灯) glimmered through the cracks of the door. 12. I had a quick flip(翻转) through the book and it looked very interesting. . 完成句子1. It was at ten oclock that he came to
72、see me (他来看我). 2. Looking around (环顾四周), I found that the laboratory remained unchanged. 3. A moment before, it was a minute or so past ten(十点过一分钟左右). 4. I drew a breath, gripped the lever and pushed it backwards (向后推). 5. It took her one minute(花了她一分钟时间) to fetch her handkerchief. 6. On top of the
73、mountain stands a big tree(矗立着一棵大树). 7. The little boy has been late for a third time and is being scolded (正在挨批评) by his teacher. 8. I was afraid of the boy and I had an urge (有一种冲动)to run away from him. 9. As long as (只要)I am here, I wont let the child suffer. 10. He sometimes surprises us with a
74、sudden visit(突然造访). . 书面表达结合课文内容, 使用本单元词汇写一篇50词左右的短文。1. 在公司管理方面, 我哥哥明显比我优秀。(superior)2. 所以爸爸决定将来由我哥哥接管他的公司。(take over)3. 我希望在我哥哥的努力下, 我们家的公司能继续向前而不是向后。(backwards)4. 我会尽力帮助他, 绝不会与他闹矛盾。(conflict with)My brother is clearly superior to me in company management. So my father decided that my brother would
75、 take over his company in the future. I hope that with my brothers efforts, our company will continue to move forward, not backwards. I will try my best to help him, and I will never conflict with him. 课时素养评价三Unit 1Using Language. 单句语法填空1. It is much better if payments can be figured out on a weekly
76、(week) basis. 2. He calculated (calculate) his gains and losses of money and the result was a minus. 3. They fetched(fetch) water twice a week from the bottom of the hill where the well was. 4. Thats a hard truthbut its no excuse for inaction(inactive). 5. There is not a sharp division(divide) betwe
77、en these two activities. 6. I was prevented from going to the concert by urgent(urge) business. 7. Worried about the unfinished homework, Mike got up and paced(pace) up and down the room. 8. His eyes darkened and the crowded flaring streets become blurred (blur) to his eyes. 9. There was a terrible
78、explosion(explode) at the chemical plant. 10. Through that hot summer Martin and Leora laboured (labour), painting. . 用适当的介词或副词填空1. His second book turned out to be a runaway best-seller. 2. The sales of cold drinks usually fall away in winter while increase in summer. 3. My judgement is that Chicag
79、o is superior to Los Angeles economically. 4. His point of view came into conflict with mine. 5. The equipment is checked on a regular basis. 6. When he grows up, he will take over the company from his father. 7. Not knowing which book is suitable for him, the boy took one at random. 8. I calculated
80、 that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. 9. I saw huge buildings rise up, and then disappear like in a dream. 10. A stream marks the division between the two farms. . 完成句子1. I drew a deep breath(深吸一口气) , grasped the rope and slipped down the mountain. 2. This model is tec
81、hnically superior to(超过)its competitors. 3. She is widely regarded as(认为)the current leaders natural successor. 4. It is hard to explain (很难解释) the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. 5. The car is running at a speed of (以的速度) sixty miles an hour. 6. The rocket is travelling at maximu
82、m speed(以最大速度). 7. A firework explodes with a sudden loud noise(突然一声巨响). 8. She was chosen for the job on the basis of(根据)her qualifications. 9. When we heard of the story, we had an urge to know(有强烈愿望想知道) the ending of it. 10. You just make a note of (记下来) the topics that are discussed and the resu
83、lt of the discussion. . 阅读理解AFor years, the U. S. has experienced a shortage of registered nurses. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022, demand will grow faster than supply, and that there will be over one million unfilled nursin
84、g jobs by then. So whats the solution? Robots. Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio, a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds, deliver medications and other items. It follows a specific individual, such as a doc
85、tor or nurse, who can use it to record and access patient data. This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be implemented in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact. A robots appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans, which is why the RIKEN-TRI Co
86、llaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse called Actroid F. It is so human-like that some patients may not know the difference. This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial ex
87、pressions and body language in its interactions. During a month-long hospital trial, researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and “only three or four said they didnt like having it around. ”Its important to note that robotic nurses dont decide courses of treatment or make d
88、iagnoses, though robot doctors and surgeons may not be far off. Instead, they perform routine and laborious tasks, freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs. This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration, not replacement. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章
89、介绍了日本几款可以充当某些看护工作的“机器人护士”, 但也指出机器人不会取代护士, 他们是合作而非替代关系。1. What does the author say about Japan? A. It ranks top in future robotics technology. B. It takes the lead in offering robotic nursing. C. It is in desperate need of registered nurses. D. It provides the best medication for the elderly. 【解析】选B。
90、细节理解题。根据二三段的So whats the solution? Robots. Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. (那么解决方案是什么呢? 机器人。在这一趋势方面, 日本走在了前面)可知, 日本在提供机器人护理方面是领先的。故选B。2. Which of the following best explains “implemented” underlined in Paragraph 3? A. Cancelled. B. Constructed. C. Improved. D. Applied. 【解析】选
91、D。词义猜测题。根据第三段的第二、三句可知, 丰桥科技大学开发了机器人医疗推车Terapio, 它可以在医院巡视、运送药物和其他物品。它跟着特定的人, 例如医生或者护士, 他们可以使用它来记录以及使用病人的数据。再结合画线词所在的句子, 可推测, 画线词的意思是“应用的”, 因为上文所提到的内容, 就是它在医院的应用情况。故选D。3. What do we know about the robot Actroid F? A. It has no difference from a human nurse. B. It gets favorable remarks from all the pa
92、tients. C. It interacts with patients like a human companion. D. It uses body language even more effectively than words. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第三句可知, 这个可以交流的机器人同伴眼睛里有照相机, 这使得它可以跟踪病人, 并用适当的面部表情和肢体语言进行互动, Actroid F最大的特点是它可以像人类同伴一样和病人进行互动。故选C。4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Cooperati
93、on will not be replaced. B. Nurses will still play their roles. C. The robotics industry will be promising. D. Robots can meet patients immediate needs. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知, 机器人护士不会决定治疗的过程或者做出诊断; 再结合最后一句, This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration,
94、 not replacement. 可推测, 护士会继续履行自己的工作, 因为机器人护士和人类是合作关系, 也不会决定治疗过程或做出诊断, 故选B。BWhether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal
95、, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to th
96、e user. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesnt just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns abou
97、t each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos. Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding t
98、heir way into some of these spaces. Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The companys “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products location in the store. It can also speak different l
99、anguages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for. The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies
100、 to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us, ” said Breazeal. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。5. How are social robots different from household robots? A. They can control their emotions. B. They are more like humans. C. They do the normal housework. D. They respond to users more s
101、lowly. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的. . . social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. 以及 For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. 可知, 社会机器人更像人, 比如这些机器人能够分辨人的心情是高兴还是悲伤。故选B。6. What can the Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3? A. Communicate w
102、ith you and perform operations. B. Answer your questions and make requests. C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk. D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. 和It can do
103、things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos. 可知, 这个机器人可以听你的指令, 提醒家庭成员吃药或拍照。故选D。7. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will . A. train employeesB. be our workmatesC. improve technologiesD. take the place of workers【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段B
104、reazeal的话“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us”可以推断出, 社会机器人可以和我们一起做事情。故选B。8. What does the passage mainly present? A. A new design idea of household robots. B. Marketing strategies for social robots. C. Information on household robots. D. An introduction t
105、o social robots. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知, 文章主要介绍了社会机器人的功能与作用。故选D。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are you an angry bird? When youre angry, your body becomes tense. 1 Here are some other simple tricks to chill(放松) and think before you act. Understand your angerThink like a detective and
106、track down clues about the kinds of situations, people, and events that set off your anger. 2 Even if you cant get away from them, at least youll have more time to prepare for them so they dont affect you so negatively. You can also think of the situation as an opportunity to practice not getting ma
107、d. Go for a walkWhen you get really angry, walk away from the source. A 5-minute walk outside or another calming activity like yoga are both great strategies for dealing with anger. If your anger arises from the traffic jam youre stuck in, turn up the radio and sing at the top of your lungs. 3Write
108、letters4 So if youre trying to calm down fast, grab your journal and write it all out. You can simply write your own feelings or try writing a letter to the person who upsets you. You never have to send it and just writing it will help you feel better. Talk about your angerIts not just writing that
109、helps relieve anger. 5 The trick is not to unload your anger on the person making you upset but to release your pressure by talking with a neutral (中立的) friend, family member, or specialist. A neutral observer can bring reasonable judgment to the situation. You can even try talking out loud to yours
110、elf about it. Now that youve learned how to keep your anger in check, try some of these little changes that will make you a happier person. A. Expressing it orally can also be incredibly calming. B. Once youre aware of them, try to avoid them as possible. C. Writing out your feelings really does hel
111、p you feel better. D. The idea is to create a mental or physical escape from the situation. E. Losing your temper makes you look like the bad guy to everyone else. F. Deep breathing is just one of the ways you can instantly turn a bad mood around. G. Exercise can help people lower their levels of an
112、ger and other negative emotions. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种控制愤怒的建议, 建议人们试着做一些能让自己更快乐的小改变。1. 【解析】选F。根据上文When youre angry, your body becomes tense. 可知当你生气时, 你的身体会变得紧张。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明人生气时, 会发出的一些动作, 例如深呼吸等。故F选项“深呼吸只是你能立刻扭转坏情绪的方法之一”符合上下文语境, 故选F。2. 【解析】选B。根据上一句像侦探一样思考, 找出引起你愤怒的各种情况、人物和事件的线索。以及空后的句子即使你无法摆脱它们,
113、 至少你会有更多的时间来准备它们, 这样它们就不会对你产生负面影响。可知, 本句承接上文说明, 找到这些引起你愤怒的各种情况、人物和事件的线索之后, 应当尽可能避免它们。故B选项“一旦你意识到它们, 尽可能避免它们”符合上下文语境, 故选B。3. 【解析】选D。由空前句子可知当你真的生气的时候, 远离源头。5分钟的户外散步或其他像瑜伽一样的平静活动都是处理愤怒情绪的好方法。如果你的愤怒是由于你被困在交通堵塞中, 打开收音机, 大声唱歌。由此可知, 本段说明的是离开让你生气的源头, 转移注意力, 创造一个精神或身体上的逃避情况。故选D。4. 【解析】选C。根据空后的句子可知, 如果你想快速平静下
114、来, 拿起你的日记, 把它全部写下来。你可以简单地写下你自己的感受, 或者试着写一封信给让你心烦意乱的人。你不必发送它, 只是写它会让你感觉更好。由此可知, 本段说明的是生气时, 写下你的感觉, 会让你感觉更好。故选C。5. 【解析】选A。根据本段小标题Talk about your anger(谈论你的愤怒)以及空后的句子可知, 诀窍不是把你的愤怒发泄在让你难过的人身上, 而是通过和一个中立的朋友、家人或专家交谈来释放你的压力。一个中立的观察者可以对情况做出合理的判断。你甚至可以试着大声对自己说。由此可知, 本段主要说明的是用口头表达的方式来缓解愤怒, 让自己平静下来。故选A。主题活动迁移应
115、用. 语用功能表达表示时间顺序的语篇标记词1. First of all, we should make primary education universal. 首先我们应普及初等教育。2. We pick up a can first, and then use a can opener on it. 我们先拿起一个罐头, 然后用开罐器来开罐头。3. His accent at once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner. 他的口音立刻显示出他是一个外国人的事实。4. A large crowd held a meeting round t
116、he restaurant the following day. 第二天就有一大群人在那个餐馆周围举行集会。表达作者组织语篇方式的语篇标记词1. Video may also prove useful in situations where note taking is difficult, such as in a moving car. 在一些不适合做笔记的场合, 例如行驶的车中, 摄像也有用武之地。2. Ill see you in a weeks time that is to say, next Monday. 我们见面时间安排在一星期后, 也就是说下星期一。3. Thats qui
117、te true, but on the other hand, we have to think of our interests. 那很对, 但另一方面, 我们必须考虑我们的利益。4. In conclusion, we are now in face of a new world, where the idea of science itself is changing. 总之, 我们正面对一个新世界, 在新世界中, 科学自身的概念也在发生变化。5. We cant act on your advice. Nevertheless, thank you for giving it. 我们不
118、能照你的建议去办。不过承蒙您提出来, 十分感谢。暗示作者对于某事件的态度和观点的语篇标记词1. The prize for media winners has been similarly impressive. 至于那些获胜的传播媒介, 所得到的奖励也同样是很可观的。2. In some cases, however, flexibility is absolutely critical. 不过在有些情况下, 灵活绝对是至关重要的。3. In order to succeed here you will need to overcome your prejudices. 你需要消除偏见, 才
119、能在这里获得成功. 4. In my opinion, your new coat is not worth so much money. 我认为你的新外套不值这么多钱。. 话题情景交流根据汉语提示, 补全下面对话A: Hey, Yalin! B: Hey! A: You look depressed. What happened? B: Nothing, Id rather (我宁愿)not talk about it. Just dont ask. A: Come on, relax. Talk to me. B: All right. Im feeling very nervous. I
120、 just had a test and Im not sure how well or how badly I did. Whats worse(更糟糕的是), because of it, I cant concentrate on preparing the next exam. A: Its no use to worry about it. Better ignore them. Youve done the test and you cant change any of your answers. B: Thats true(确实如此). I really should go ho
121、me and prepare for the next test, but Im feeling tired. I dont want to take the test. A: Come on(来吧), to keep you in high spirits, lets go and get a coffee together. That will help you to wake up again! B: Ok. I feel like sitting down and having a chat. How have you been recently? A: Oh, you know me(你了解我的). Im always happy! If I think Im getting into a bad mood, I will call some friends and have a chat. B: Thats a good idea.