1、Unit 1People of Achievement课时作业(二)Learning about Language必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1When the police hit the shore, the attacker _ (逃跑) into the jungle.2His first _ (小说) has received good reviews since it came out last month.3I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will _ (流动) next an
2、d how fast.4Be sure to review everything in the section, including tables, graphs, and _ (图表)5He reacted well to _ (青霉素).单句语法填空1In _ (conclude), they are proud of themselves and firmly believe they can do more for a better world.2The key to success as a romantic _ (novel) is absolute belief in your
3、story.3Under no _ (circumstance) shall I mention the secret to anyone.4My missing for you is like unstopped _ (flow) water.完成句子1Apart from fair _ (磨损), the car is in excellent condition.2The article not only presents system _ (流程图) in process, but also lists software flow chart.3How could they _ (得出
4、结论) without doing experiments?.语法专练一、用适当的关系词填空1London, _ is the capital city of the United Kingdom, is a very beautiful city.2The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.3Toms brother, _ work takes him all over the world, is in Hainan at the moment.4Nowadays, it
5、is common to see many young people staring at their mobile phones instead of reading a real book, about _ many experts are worried.5China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, _ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.6On the beautiful ship were over 2,000 peopl
6、e, most of _ were women and children.7This is the most splendid part of your chart, _ all the information is analyzed cleverly in the language of mathematics.8In 1897, Joseph John Thomson of Cambridge announced his discovery of the electron (电子), _ he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906.
7、9Well put off the meeting till next week, _ we wont be so busy.10English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it differently.二、用非限制性定语从句合并下列每对句子1I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week. My classmates recommended the book to me._2Xian is one of the few cit
8、ies with city walls. Its walls remain as good as before._3On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father. I learnt to plant potatoes there._4I have a friend. Her father is an engineer._5This is the best method. It can be used against pollution._三、完成句子1布朗先生写了部小说，我完全记得它的书名。_2他不能来参加我们的聚会，真是遗憾。
9、_3书中的故事发生在加拿大，这个男孩就在那出生。_4她每天骑自行车去上班，这帮她保持了健康。_5他是个慷慨大方的人，住在我隔壁。_关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读AIsraeli scientists believe that they have identified why Arabic is particularly hard to read for new learners. A university team says that people use both sides of their brains when they begin reading a language, but
10、when learning Arabic, this is wasting effort. The details of Arabic characters mean that students should use only the left side of their brains, which are better at distinguishing details. When someone learns to read Arabic, they have to work out which letters are which, and which ones go with which
11、 sounds.Its the ability to tell letters apart that seems to work differently in Arabic, because telling the characters apart involves looking at very small details like the placement of dots. The professor who led the research team said, “The particular characteristics of Arabic make it hard for the
12、 right hemisphere (大脑半球) to be involved. When you are starting something new, there is a lot of right hemisphere involvement.”The researchers looked at 37 university students. All of them were native Arabic speakers and also spoke and read Hebrew (希伯来语) and English. To work out which side of the bra
13、in reads words, the researchers flashed words for less than a fifth of a second onto a screeneither just on the left or right, or different words on both sides. When the eyes see something for just a short time, and its at one side of a screen, only one brain hemisphere is quick enough to process th
14、e image.The team measured how fast and how correct the students were when they tried to tell words apart separately in Arabic, in Hebrew and in English. The students used both left and right hemispheres to tell Hebrew and English words apart. Characters in English and Hebrew are easier to tell apart
15、.When they looked at the students reading of Arabic words, it gave the team a clue about why children find the language difficult to read. These Arabicspeaking adults only used the left hemispheres to tell Arabic words apart. When the Arabic readers saw simple words with the right hemispheres, they
16、couldnt tell them apart at all.1How many languages do the participants speak besides their mother tongue?AOne. BTwo.CThree. DFour.2What can we know about Hebrew and English?AThey are similar to Arabic in spelling.BThey are different from Arabic in letters.CThey are different from Arabic in grammar.D
17、They are similar to Arabic in pronunciation.3What happens if the Arabic readers read Arabic words with the right hemisphere?AThey mistake them.BThey answer correctly.CThey recognize them at once.DThey find it easy to read them.BEvery summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever
18、we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of waterrelated diseases.L
19、iving in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water (饮用水), while one sixth of the worlds population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learnt that I was selected as one of the top 10 nati
20、onal finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr Jim Jonza, my scientist mentor (导师)from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and costeffective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in plac
21、es that are affected by harmful water pollution.In October, my family and I flew to 3M headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $2
22、5,000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of Americas Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges，Danny Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is.” You could hear a pin (大头针) drop as he ope
23、ned the paper with the winners name, “Deepika Kurup！”As Americas Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learnt is that communication and teamwork are key to success.4Why do
24、es the author mention her visits to India?ATo express her great love for India.BTo show the problem of unclean water.CTo explain the importance of relatives.DTo compare eastern and western cultures.5Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?AResearching. BC
25、hanging.CFinishing. DUsing.6How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winners name?AThey appeared calm.BThey let out shouts of joy.CThey sat quietly.DThey dropped pins to the author.7How is the text mainly organised?AIn order of time.BIn order of complexity (复杂性)CIn order of p
26、lace.DIn order of importance.七选五Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land. _1_ Smokejumpers help to stop this._2_ Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, such
27、 as the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of flamm
28、able material, like plants and other dry material. _3_Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. _4_ For example, smokejumpers employed in the US must be 120 to 200 pounds so they dont get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.Smokejumpers must also be
29、 capable of surviving in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees. _5_ But for these firefighters, smokejumping isnt just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28yea
30、rold Russian smokejumper Alexi Tishin says, “This is the best job for tough guys.”AWhat is a smokejumper?BHow do smokejumpers do it?CMore important are your height and weight.DIt means the work is dangerous and takes a long time.EAnd homes are damaged, and thousands of people die.FThey carry water w
31、ith them, too, but only a limited amount.GHot weather and fastmoving winds often make these fires more dangerous.语法填空When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once noticed his mother turning the wheel of her sewing machine with her hand. “Wont it work quickly if a machine 1._ (turn) the wheel
32、for you？” he asked. “I suppose it will，” said his mother, without paying any attention to him.Christopher knew she always had a lot of work and that she was 2._ stubborn that he could hardly do anything to change 3._ (she) mind. But he wanted to help. In his bedroom there was a toy steam engine 4._
33、(buy) by his father as a gift to him. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother was not using her sewing machine, he decided to fix the toy steam engine onto it. When he finished 5._ (do) it, he was quite pleased, thinking his mother would like it. “Very
34、 clever，” his mother said when she saw it. But then she sat down and went on turning the wheel 6._ hand. “I 7._ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained. Christopher felt very 8._ (disappoint). He couldnt understand his mothers 9._ (behave)This taught Christopher a lesson, 10._ made him d
35、epressed for several days. It is what anyone who tries to improve anything has to learn: many people dont like new ideas.课时作业(二)Learning about Language必备知识基础练.单词拼写1fled2.novel3.flow4.charts5.penicillin.单句语法填空1conclusion2.novelist3.circumstances4.flowing.完成句子1wear and tear2.flow charte to a conclusio
36、n.语法专练一、1which2.as3.whose4.which5.which6.whom7.where8for which9.when10.which二、1I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.2Xian is one of the few cities with city walls, which remain as good as before.3On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with
37、 my father, where I learnt to plant potatoes.4I have a friend, whose father is an engineer.5This is the best method, which can be used against pollution.三、1Mr. Brown has written a novel, whose name I completely remember.2He couldnt come to attend our party, which was a pity.3The story in the book ha
38、ppened in Canada, where the boy was born.4She goes to work by bike every day, which helps her keep fit.5He is a generous man, who lives next to me.关键能力提升练.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，学习阿拉伯语时左脑的作用更大，因为左脑更善于辨识细节。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，37名学生参与者的母语都是阿拉伯语，此外，他们也说希伯来语和英语。2答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第四段可知，英语和希伯来语的字母很好区分，与
39、阿拉伯语比起来，这两种语言的各个字母之间差异更加鲜明。3答案与解析：A推理判断题。由第五段可知，讲阿拉伯语的成年人辨识阿拉伯语单词时仅用到了左脑。当阿拉伯语阅读者看到简单的单词并用右脑处理这一信息时，他们根本就分辨不出这些单词。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者去印度时发现那里的人们缺乏清洁的饮用水，由此得到启发，回国后参加了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛，有机会与吉姆琼扎博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。作者凭自己的发明在决赛中获奖，荣获“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句I was troubled to learn that million
40、s of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of waterrelated diseases.可知，作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题。故选B项。5答案与解析：D词义猜测题。根据My invention is green and costeffective可知作者有了某项发明，再由画线词后的内容可知作者希望自己的发明用到有水污染的地方，故implementing是“应用”的意思。6答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段You could hear a pin
41、 drop as he opened the paper with the winners name可知，宣布获奖名单时，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知，观众都非常安静地坐着，故选C项。7答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A项。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了空降消防员这一特殊的职业。1答案与解析：E根据后一句话Smokejumpers help to stop this.中的“this”指代火造成的损失和伤害可知，E项(同时，家园被毁，成千上万的人死去)与前文森林被烧毁是并列关系，符合语境
42、。故选E项。2答案与解析：A根据这一段解释了什么是smokejumper可知，空格处与Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter.构成了问答的关系。故选A项。3答案与解析：F根据上文谈到的空降消防员在工作期间需要携带的东西可知，F项(他们也会携带水，只是数量很有限)符合语境。故选F项。4答案与解析：C根据后文For example.可知后文举例说明了这一职业对于体重的要求，所以C项(更重要的是你的身高和体重)切题。故选C项。5答案与解析：D根据下文的But for these firefighters, smokejumping isnt ju
43、st a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest.可知，但是对于他们来说，这不仅仅是一份工作，他们还很喜欢自己能跳下飞机救森林大火，并且喜欢住在森林里。由But表转折可知，选项中与空后内容形成对比的只有D项(这项工作既危险还费时)，故选D项。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文讲述了Christopher用玩具蒸汽机带动缝纫机使轮子转动，想为母亲减轻工作负担的故事。1答案与解析：turns考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，
44、从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语为a machine，谓语动词用单数形式。2答案与解析：so考查连词。句意：Christopher知道她总是有很多工作，而且她很固执，以至于他几乎做任何事都无法改变她的想法。so.that.如此以至于，引导结果状语从句。3答案与解析：her考查代词。此处指Christopher的母亲的想法，change ones mind意为“改变某人的想法”。4答案与解析：bought考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语。buy与其逻辑主语a toy steam engine构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。5答案与解析：doing考查非谓语动词。finish后面跟动名
45、词作宾语。6答案与解析：by考查介词。by hand意为“用手，手工”。7答案与解析：have worked考查动词的时态。根据下文for too many years可知应用现在完成时。8答案与解析：disappointed考查形容词。句意：Christopher感到非常失望。根据上文felt可知此处应填形容词作表语，应用ed结尾的形容词。disappointed意为“失望的”。9答案与解析：behavior/behaviour考查名词。根据上文mothers为名词所有格可知此处应填behave的名词形式。10答案与解析：which考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故填which。