1、Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note宾语从句和表语从句语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.It is Henry Adams，an American businessman，who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.I wonder，Mr Adams，if youd mind us asking a few
2、 questions.I didnt know whether I could survive until morning.Thats why weve given you the letter.It looks as if it is going to rain.1.左栏6个句子中的黑体部分都是主句中的从句，这些从句在词性上相当于一个名词，故被称作名词性从句。2.句中的黑体部分属于宾语从句。3.句中的黑体部分属于表语从句。一、名词性从句的连接词项目连接词意义在句中的功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)(无论)谁主、宾、表whose谁
3、的定what(ever)(无论)什么主、宾、表、定which(ever)(无论)哪个主、宾、定连接副词when(ever)(无论)何时时间状语where(ever)(无论)何地地点状语how(ever)(无论)怎么方式状语why为什么原因状语二、宾语从句1that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。We learnt from his letter (that)he would come to Shanghai soon.从他的信中我们了解到他不久会来上海。名师点津宾语从句中两种情况中的连接词that不能省略；引导的第二个
4、宾语从句前的that不可省；在动词形式宾语it宾语补足语that引导的宾语从句中that不能省略。He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it.他说你太年轻，还无法理解这件事情，你也不要去管它。We think it important that every citizen should obey the traffic rules.我们认为每个市民都应该遵守交通规则是很重要的。即时训练1单句改错He said he would give
5、 up the chance and he would try hard to look for another one.在and后加thatWe found it strange no one would take the money.在strange后加that2whether或if引导的宾语从句whether或if引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当成分，但是含“是否”之意，从句要用陈述语序。I wonder whether/if well finish the task on time.我不知道我们能否按时完成这项任务。Ill see whether/if I can advise him t
6、o accept it.我要看看我是否能劝他接受。名师点津用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的情况：作介词的宾语时，只能用whether；与or或or not连用时只能用whether；用于Theres some doubt whether.句型中；We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。I want to know whether its good news or not.我想知道这是不是好消息。We discussed whether we should use t
7、he money to buy a new house.我们讨论了是否该用这笔钱来买套新房子。There is some doubt whether he will come in time.他是否能及时赶到值得怀疑。3连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever和连接副词when，where，how，why这些连接词都有词义，除引导从句外，还在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。The
8、 police asked me how the accident happened.警察问我事故是怎么发生的。(how作状语)He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。(what作宾语)Do you know who will be sent to work in Xinjiang?你知道会派谁去新疆工作吗？(who作主语)He didnt tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。(when作状语)Can I speak to w
9、hoever is in charge of this project?我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗？(whoever作主语)名师点津“疑问词ever”结构的词可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。而“no matter疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句。明辨异同what和which引导宾语从句的区别what意为“什么”，所涉及之物无范围which意为“哪一个”，所涉及之物有范围They wanted to see which shop would offer the best service.(他们要看好几家商店)他们想看看哪家商店提供的服务最好。即时训练2用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空I won
10、der how you are getting on with your studies.Can you tell me when he will come back?Can you help me to find out whose wallet it is?4it作形式宾语当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时，通常以it代替that宾语从句作形式宾语，这时that不可省略。常见的这类动词有find，think，consider，take，feel等。I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water ever
11、y day.我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.我们发现我们按时完成工作有困难。5宾语从句的虚拟语气表示“建议、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。这类动词主要有insist，order，demand等。He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。巧学助记后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词
12、口诀：“一二三四”一个坚持(insist)；两个命令(order，command)；三条建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四项要求(demand，desire，require，request)。即时训练3完成句子我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐的平衡。I suggest that you (should)keep the balancebetween your study and entertainment.如果你想通过考试，我劝你要勤奋。I advise that you (should)be diligent if you want to pass the exam.我已
13、表明我不会接受这份工作的。I have made it clear that I will not accept this job.三、表语从句1that引导的表语从句用法：无意义 不充当成分 不可省略The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。2whether引导的表语从句The point is whether we should lend him the money.关键在于我们是否
14、应该借钱给他。名师点津if不能引导表语从句。3连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。Thats where I first met her.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。4because，as if/though等引导的表语从句Its just because he doesnt know her.这仅仅是因为他不认识她。Now it seems as though she had k
15、nown Millie for years.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。即时训练4用where，when，that填空Look at the high mountain.That is where we will get.The first time we met each other was when we studied in that school.My advice is that we ( should ) work together.5why和because引导的表语从句的区别Thats why.意为“那是的原因”，强调结果Thats because.意为“那是因为”，强调
16、原因I didnt phone her，and thats why she got angry with me.(强调“没打电话”这一结果)我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。I didnt phone her，and thats because I got angry with her.(强调“生气”这一原因)我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。即时训练5用why，that，because填空It was raining hard；that was why I came late.I came late；that was because it was raining hard.Th
17、e reason why I came late was that it was raining hard.6表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should动词原形”(should可以省略)。My advice is that you(should)practise speaking English as often as possible.我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。.单句语法填空1Have you decid
18、ed where you are going to have your holiday?2We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of what it used to charge.3She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadnt.4The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be
19、 entirely free from dust.5A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not what ships are built for.6We must find out when Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.7I truly believe that beauty comes from within.8A new neighbourhood is being built in what used to be a waste factory.9The exhibition tells us
20、 why we should do something to stop air pollution.10I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.完成句子1我想知道你是否愿意和我们度过这段时光。Im wondering whether you would like to spend time with us2我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表我自己观点的原因。I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and thats why Im writing to voice my opinion3问题是他们是否能帮我们。The question is whether they will be able to help us.4那是因为他没有理解我。That was because he didnt understand me.5我该穿哪双鞋，是红色的还是棕色的？Which shoes shall I wear，the red ones or the brown ones?