1、45分语言知识运用练(三)语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2020湖南省名校联盟高三联考 Summer is over soon. The Glover kids in Newburgh, New York, want to _1_ on their own before their school opens. _2_， earlier this week, they set up a lemonade stand on the side of the ro
2、ad. _3_ was good during the rush hour, at which point some police officers pulled up, and _4_ Whitney Glover, mother of the young kids, that some _5_ person had called to make complaints about kids selling lemonade.Now, in most stories, thats when the police _6_ the stand, telling kids to take a foo
3、d handling course and get a _7_ from the related department. Then the children go home completely _8_， for their enterprise is broken. But not in this _9_. The police officers proceeded to _10_ their lemonade. They said the kids werent doing anything wrong, _11_ creating a bit of a traffic jam, and
4、their motivation should be _12_. The kids also promised to make _13_ to their schedule to avoid traffic problems. The police officers left _14_ they took a photo with the kids. Whitney posted it online with the words: Someone _15_ childrens selling to the police officers. However, they bought some c
5、ups instead of _16_ kids. Thanks, Town of Newburgh Police Department.The _17_ story has created a great deal of local _18_ and the lemonade stand is now visited frequently. Dozens of customers have _19_ for lemonade. “Every single time you buy a glass, children look amazed by the _20_ of time and ef
6、forts to coins in their hands，” Whitney said.1A.study BsucceedCinvest Dearn2A.Besides BThereforeCHowever DFrequently3A.Progress BBusiness CBudget DPurpose4A.demanded Bproposed Cwarned Dinformed5A.bitter BgenerousCanxious Dresponsible6A.take over Bleave out Cshut down Ddrive away7A.course Bpermit Cfu
7、nd Drecord8A.surprised BfrightenedCdisappointed Dconfused9A.background Bcase Creason Drespect10A.recommend Bcheck Csell Dpurchase11A.other than Binstead ofCas for Ddue to12A.managed BpreventedCcelebrated Dreflected13A.contributions BdifferencesCsacrifices Dadjustments14A.after Balthough Cbefore Dunl
8、ess15A.explained Badmitted Creported Dannounced16A.educating BpunishingCcontrolling Dneglecting17A.refreshing Bmoving Camusing Dconvincing18A.apology Bchange Csupport Ddebate19A.stood out Bstood byCstopped out Dstopped by20A.transformation BdevotionCattachment Dapproach第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文
9、，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2020济南市4月模拟The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by 21._ country is far from over. Many of the fires 22._ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire
10、 draw in more air and shift surface winds, 23._ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 24._ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done 25._ wildlife. The wildfires are expected
11、 26._ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen 27._ (regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 28._ (bad). At least 12 million acres of
12、 land has been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made 29._ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, 30._ could have a small effect on the planets climate.45分语言知识运用练(三)第一节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我创业孩子摆摊卖柠檬水文章大意一群孩子摆摊卖柠檬水，有人举报
13、，警察去了以后并没有责令孩子们撤掉摊位或者处罚他们，而是鼓励了他们的创业精神。1答案与解析：D根据下文中的“they set up a lemonade stand on the side of the road”可知，他们想在开学前自己赚钱(earn)。2答案与解析：B因为他们想在开学前自己赚钱，所以(Therefore)他们摆了一个柠檬水摊。3答案与解析：B结合语境可知，在上下班高峰期生意(Business)不错。4答案与解析：D根据下文中的“that some _5_ person had called to make complaints about kids selling lemo
14、nade”可知，警察通知(informed)孩子们的母亲，有人投诉孩子们的摊位。5答案与解析：A根据下文中的“make complaints about kids selling lemonade” “creating a bit of a traffic jam”可知，打电话投诉的人对孩子们在上下班高峰期摆摊有怨言。bitter在此处表示“愤愤不平的，有怨言的”。6答案与解析：C结合语境以及下文中的“Then the children go home. their enterprise is broken”可知，通常在这时，警察会让孩子们的摊位停止营业 (shut down)。 take o
15、ver“接管”；leave out“遗漏，不包括”；drive away“赶跑(某人)”。7答案与解析：B根据空后的“from the related department”可知，此处表示告诉孩子们从有关部门取得一张许可证 (permit)。8答案与解析：C根据语境可知，(如果)孩子们的生意被迫停业，他们会很沮丧地回家。disappointed“沮丧的，失望的”。9答案与解析：B根据下文中的“They said the kids werent doing anything wrong”可推测，警察并没有让孩子们停止营业，所以此处表示本故事中的情况 (case) 并非像上文所说的一样。10答案与
16、解析：D根据下文中的“However, they bought some cups”可知，警察买(purchase)了孩子们的柠檬水。11答案与解析：A除了(other than)造成一点交通拥堵之外，孩子们并没有做错什么，而且他们的积极性应该被赞扬 (celebrated)。12答案与解析：C参见上题解析。celebrate在此处表示“赞扬，赞美，歌颂”。manage“管理”；prevent“阻止”；reflect“反映”。13答案与解析：D结合上文提到的交通拥堵和空后的“their schedule to avoid traffic problems”可知，孩子们承诺会对营业时间作出调整(
17、adjustments) 以避免造成交通问题。14答案与解析：A根据下文中的“posted it online”可知，此处表示警察和孩子们拍完照才离开，故用连词after“在之后”引导时间状语从句。15答案与解析：C根据上文中的“person had called to make complaints about kids selling lemonade”可知，此处表示有人向警察举报了这件事。report“举报，告发”。16答案与解析：B根据上文警察说孩子们没有做错的内容可知，此处表示警察没有处罚(punishing)孩子们。17答案与解析：A根据上文信息可知，这件事跟通常的情况不同，所以说
18、这是一个令人耳目一新的(refreshing)故事。18答案与解析：C根据下文中的“the lemonade stand is now visited frequently”可知，孩子们得到了当地人的大力支持 (support)。19答案与解析：D人们纷纷顺路过来买柠檬水。stand out“出色，杰出，更为重要”；stand by“袖手旁观”；stop out“夜里很晚不回家”；stop by“顺便拜访，顺路探望”。20答案与解析：A结合语境可知，此处表示孩子们看到自己的时间和努力转变为手中的硬币很惊喜。transformation“转变”。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然火灾澳大利
19、亚的野火燃烧数日文章大意澳大利亚的野火在2020年1月变得更加严重。随着澳大利亚进入旱季，野火预计将持续燃烧数月，大火的浓烟已蔓延到南美洲。21答案与解析：the考查冠词。根据上文提到的Australia可知，此处为特指。句意：这个国家面临的灾难远未结束。22答案与解析：sent考查动词时态。根据第一句“The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事。句意：许多大火把浓烟喷向大气层，一些浓烟变成了火积云。23答案与解析：resulting考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词短语作
20、结果状语，其逻辑主语为整个句子。result in意为“导致，造成”。句意：云层可以帮助大火吸收更多的空气并改变地面风，从而产生火灾龙卷风。24答案与解析：are found考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：大火摧毁了只有在澳大利亚才能找到的动物的栖息地，包括考拉和珍稀鸟类。根据句意所述内容可知此处描述的是一般情况，故应用一般现在时。此处that引导定语从句，指代上文中的animals，故谓语动词为复数形式，且that与find之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。25答案与解析：to考查介词。此处为do harm to这个短语的变式，意为“对有危害”。句意：要完全知道火灾对野生动物造成了多大的伤害还
21、需要时间。26答案与解析：to continue考查非谓语动词。此处为expect sb./sth. to do的被动形式，即sb./sth. be expected to do。野火预计将持续燃烧数月。27答案与解析：regularly考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词happen作状语。28答案与解析：worse考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知此处暗含比较含义，应用比较级。在澳大利亚的旱季，火灾经常发生。然而，气候和自然变化使情况更加恶化。29答案与解析：it考查代词。此处make it意为“成功到达某地”。30答案与解析：which考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子的内容。