1、练案15必修三Module 3The Violence of Nature.完形填空(2020广东省七校联合体第一次联考)Gran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.In 1972, at the age of six, with his fathers help, he 1.D Galdhopiggen, the highest mountain in Northern Europe.Twenty four years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Mount E
2、verest.His journey to the 2.A shows just how independent, persistent(坚持的), and determined this 3.A man is. 4.C most people arrive at the foothills of Mount Everest by some sort of modern 5.B ， Kropp bicycled 8,000 miles from his home in Sweden.Traveling by bike was not 6.B .He stopped many times to
3、7.C his bike because rough roads caused mechanical problems for him.In addition, he was run after by dogs, stung by hornets (马蜂) and was caught in the rain several times before he 8.B the base of the mountain.Kropp 9.A to climb Mount Everest the same way he traveled to the mountain: without the 10.C
4、 of others and without modern conveniences.Unlike other 11.C Kropp climbed the mountain without a guide or helper.He did not 12.D bottled oxygen to help him 13.A at high altitudes, and he carried all of his 14.D himself in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds.It took Kropp 15.A tries to reach the to
5、p of Mount Everest.The first time, he had to 16.D only 350 feet from the top because the weather was too dangerous.Just a few days earlier, at that same level eight climbers had 17.C because of a sudden snowstorm in the mountain.He felt deep sorrow for them, but became more 18.B .The mountaineer wai
6、ted out the storm, 19.D ， and tried again a few days later.This time, he was 20.B .After he walked down the mountain, he got back on his bike and rode the 8,000 miles back to Sweden.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。瑞典探险家Gran Kropp在六岁时便在父亲的帮助下登上北欧最高峰Galdhopiggen；二十四年后，他登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。在登山过程中，他从瑞典骑行8 000英里来到山脚，在不借助他人帮助的情况
7、下成功登上山顶。1A.heard ofBdreamed ofCsawDclimbed解析：根据上文“Gran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.”可知，Gran Kropp是瑞典探险家和登山者。结合该句“In 1972, at the age of six, with his fathers help, he 1 Galdhopiggen, the highest mountain in Northern Europe.”可知，他在六岁时，在父亲的帮助下登上北欧最高峰Galdhopiggen。D项意为“攀登”。故D项正确。A项意为“听
8、说”；B项意为“梦想”；C项意为“看到”。2A.topBcountryCareaDvalley解析：根据空前一句“Twentyfour years later, he stood on the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest.”可知，在二十四年后，他登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。由此可知，他登上世界之顶的壮举展示了他的独立、坚韧不拔的精神。A项意为“顶；顶端”。故A项正确。B项意为“国家”；C项意为“地区”；D项意为“山谷”，都与语境不符。3A.outstandingBgenerousCmodestDhonest解析：上文提到他登上了世界最高峰。
9、故可推知他是一个杰出的人。A项意为“杰出的”。故A项正确。B项意为“慷慨的；大方的”；C项意为“谦虚的”；D项意为“诚实的”，都与语境不符。4A.UnlessBOnceCWhileDBecause解析：根据该句中的“most people arrive at.Kropp bicycled 7,000 miles from his home in Sweden”可知，尽管大部分人是通过一些现代车辆(vehicle)来到珠穆朗玛峰山脚下的，但是Kropp是从瑞典的家里骑行八千英里来到珠穆朗玛峰山脚下。C项意为“尽管；虽然”，符合语境。故C项正确。A项意为“除非”；B项意为“一旦”；D项意为“因为”
10、，都与语境不符。5A.designBvehicleCtheoryDmaterial解析：参见上题解析。B项意为“车辆”。故B项正确。A项意为“设计”；C项意为“理论”；D项意为“材料”，都与文意不符。6A.boringBeasyCtiringDbusy解析：根据常识和下文中的“He stopped many times to 7 his bike”可知，骑行去珠穆朗玛峰脚下是不容易的。B项意为“容易的”。故B项正确。A项意为“令人厌烦的”；C项意为“令人疲劳的”；D项意为“忙碌的”，都与语境不符。7A.lockBrideCrepairDfind解析：根据下文中的“because rough r
11、oads caused mechanical problems for him”可知，由于崎岖的道路引发自行车机械故障，所以他不得不多次停下修理自行车。C项意为“修理”。故C项正确。A项意为“锁上”；B项意为“骑”；D项意为“发现”，都与语境不符。8A.leftBreachedCdiscoveredDtoured解析：此处表示在抵达山脚下之前，他被狗追赶，被马蜂蜇，数次被困在雨中。B项意为“抵达”。故B项正确；A项意为“离开”；C项意为“发现”；D项意为“游历”。9A.choseBrefusedCagreedDhated解析：根据下文中的“without the 10 of others an
12、d without modern conveniences”可知，Kropp选择了他到山脚的同样的方式去攀登山峰，即不要别人以及现代设备的帮助。A项意为“选择”。故A项正确。B项意为“拒绝”；C项意为“同意”；D项意为“讨厌”。10A.presenceBapprovalCassistanceDknowledge解析：参见上题解析。C项意为“帮助”。故C项正确。A项意为“出席；到场”；B项意为“批准；同意”；D项意为“知识”，都与语境不符。11A.observersBtravelersCmountaineersDhikers解析：根据语境可知，此处表示与其他登山者不同的是，Kropp登山没有向导
13、或助手。C项意为“登山者”。故C项正确。A项意为“观察者”；B项意为“旅客”。D项意为“徒步旅行者”，都与文意不符。12A.gatherBorderCshareDbring解析：根据该句中的“He did not 12 bottled oxygen to help him 13 at high altitudes”可知，他没有带氧气瓶帮助自己在高山上呼吸。D项意为“带来”。故D项正确。A项意为“收集”；B项意为“命令”；C项意为“分享”，都与语境不符。13A.breatheBwalkCliveDstay解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“呼吸”。故A项正确。B项意为“行走”；C项意为“居住；生活”；
14、D项意为“停留”，都与文意不符。14A.medicinesBfoodCclothesDequipment解析：根据该句中的“he carried all of.in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds”可知，他用一个大背包自带所有设备，总重大概140磅。D项意为“设备”。故D项正确。A项意为“药物”；B项意为“食物”；C项意为“衣服”。15A.twoBthreeCmanyDseveral解析：根据下文中的“The first time”以及该段倒数第三句中的“and tried again a few days later”可知，Kropp尝试了两次才登上
15、珠穆朗玛峰。故A项正确。16A.go onBget upCset outDturn back解析：根据该句中的“because the weather was too dangerous”可知，第一次登山时，由于天气太危险，他不得不在离山顶只有350英尺的地方折回。D项意为“折回”。故D项正确。A项意为“继续”；B项意为“起身”；C项意为“出发”。17A.slippedBwanderedCdiedDhurt解析：根据语境并结合该句“Just a few days earlier, at that same level eight climbers had 17 because of a sud
16、den snowstorm in the mountain.”可知，数天前，由于在珠穆朗玛峰相同的高度突然发生暴风雪，八名登山者死亡。C项意为“死亡”。故C项正确。A项意为“滑落”；B项意为“徘徊”；D项意为“伤害(感情)；伤心”，都与语境不符。18A.astonishedBdeterminedCsatisfiedDdiscouraged解析：根据下文中的“tried again a few days later”可知，等暴风雪停止，数天后他又一次开始登山。由此可知，虽然他为故去的登山者感到悲伤，但是他变得更加坚定了。B项意为“坚定的”。故B项正确。A项意为“惊讶的”；C项意为“满意的”；D项
17、意为“丧气的”。19A.hidBstoppedCsurvivedDrested解析：根据该句“The mountaineer waited out the storm, 19 ， and tried again a few days later.”可知，这位登山者在暴风雪时休息数天，之后再次开始登山。D项意为“休息”。故D项正确。A项意为“躲藏”；B项意为“停止”；C项意为“生存”。20A.thoughtfulBsuccessfulCdoubtfulDmeaningful解析：根据下文中的“After he walked down the mountain”可知，这次他成功地登上了珠穆朗玛峰。
18、B项意为“成功的”。故B项正确。A项意为“深思的；体贴的”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“有意义的”，都与语境不符。.阅读理解A(2021北京市丰台区期末)As global temperatures rise，trees around the world are experiencing longer growing seasons，sometimes as much as three extra weeks a year.All that time helps trees grow faster.For the past 100 years，trees have been experienc
19、ing fast growth in temperate regions from Maryland to Finland，to Central Europe，where the growth rate of some trees has even sped up nearly 77% since 1870.Assuming wood is just as strong today，those gains would mean more timber(木材) for building，burning，and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere
20、.But is wood really as dense as it used to be?Hans Pretzsch，a forest scientist at the Technical University of Munich in Germany，and his colleagues wanted to find an answer.They carried out a study of the forests of Central Europe.They started with 41 experimental plots in southern Germany，some of wh
21、ich have been continuously monitored since 1870.Pretzsch and his team took core samples from the treeswhich included Norway spruce，sessile oak，European beech，and Scots pineand analyzed the tree rings using a highfrequency probe.They found that in all four species，wood density has decreased by 8% to
22、12%，they report online in Forest Ecology and Management.“We expected a trend of the wood density like this，but not such a strong and significant decrease，” Pretzsch says.Increasing temperatures，and the faster growth they spur，probably account for some of the drop.Another factor，Pretzsch says，is more
23、 nitrogen in the soil from agricultural fertilizer (化肥) and vehicle exhaust.Previous studies have linked increased fertilizer use to decreased wood density.Above all，the study suggests that the higher temperaturescombined with pollution from auto exhaust and farmsare making wood weaker，resulting in
24、trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable.“I am getting worried，” says Richard Houghton，an ecologist at the Woods Hole Research Center in Falmouth，Massachusetts，who was not part of the new study.As the density of the samples dropped，so did their carbon content，by about 50%.That mean
25、s forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at soaking up the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2)than scientists had thought，Houghton says.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。对森林的研究表明，气候变暖会改变木材的质量。“树越来越大，但树也越来越脆弱”。1Paragraph 1 is written to B .Aprove an ideaBintroduce a topicCgive an exampleDde
26、scribe a fact解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Assuming wood is just as strong today，those gains would mean more timber(木材) for building，burning，and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere.But is wood really as dense as it used to be？”假设木材的强度和今天一样高，这些收益将意味着更多的木材用于建筑、燃烧和储存从大气中捕获的碳。但是木材真的像以前那样密度大吗？可知，第一段是为了引出一个主题。故
27、选B。2The study of the forests shows C .Afarming slows trees growthBmore areas are covered with forestsCwarming changes the quality of woodDpollution leads to higher temperatures解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“.the study suggests that the higher temperaturescombined with pollution from auto exhaust and farmsare m
28、aking wood weaker，resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable.”研究表明，高温再加上汽车尾气和农场的污染使木材变得更脆弱，导致树木更容易折断，木材更不耐用。可知，对森林的研究表明，气候变暖会改变木材的质量。故选C。3What Houghton says suggests A .Agreat loss might be causedBstorm damage can be preventedCthe size of forests might be increasedDless
29、greenhouse gases can be sent out解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话“That means forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at soaking up the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) than scientists had thought，Houghton says.”霍顿说，这意味着森林可能遭受更多风暴的破坏，吸收温室气体二氧化碳(CO2)的效率可能低于科学家的预期。可知，霍顿所说的话意味着可能会造成巨大
30、的损失。故选A。4What is the best title for the passage？ D AWe only have one earthBTreesour best friendsCThe influence of climate changeDTrees are getting bigger，but weaker解析：标题判断题。根据第一段中“As global temperatures rise，trees around the world are experiencing longer growing seasons，sometimes as much as three ex
31、tra weeks a year.All that time helps trees grow faster.”随着全球气温上升，世界各地的树木正在经历更长的生长季节，有时一年多出三周。所有这些时间帮助树木长得更快。和第三段中“.the study suggests that the higher temperaturescombined with pollution from auto exhaust and farmsare making wood weaker，resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less
32、durable.”研究表明，高温再加上汽车尾气和农场的污染使木材变得更脆弱，导致树木更容易折断，木材更不耐用。可知，本文讲述的是“树越来越大，但树也越来越脆弱”。故选D。B(2020浙江省高三“五校联考”第一次考试)Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts.Now, the Emojiquake campaig
33、n is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode setthe standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide.The campaign aims to find an earthquakeappropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.“Approximately up to one third of the worlds population are exposed to earthquak
34、es，” explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr.Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign.“So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”Unlike many other weather and climate related
35、events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring.Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices
36、 and broadcast media.“You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself，” explains Dr.Hicks.“That can be life saving in many cases.Naturally you dont want too much wording in the warning message.”Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and e
37、asier to understand than written information.Dr.Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, “Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language.”The potent
38、ial usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes.A team of designers also came up with emorjian entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.文章大意：本文为应用文。主要叙述了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。5According to the passage, why di
39、d the campaign choose earthquakes as their target？ A ABecause earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.BBecause earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.CBecause earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.DBecause earthquakes are the most destructive disaste
40、rs in the world.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”和第三段“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为地震来得快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威
41、胁许多人的生命。故选A项。6Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “lobby for” in the first paragraph？ C AHope for.BEnter for.CAppeal for.DRun for.解析：词义猜测题。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr.Hicks对此做出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。分析选项可知C项符合题意。7What can we infer from Dr.Sara McBrides words about emoji？ D AEmoji benefits people
42、 with reading disability a lot.BEmoji is being used to convey valuable information.CEmoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.DEmoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.解析：推理判断题。第二段最后“So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those di
43、fferent languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases.Naturally you dont want too much wording in the warning message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意。因此选D项。8The best title of the passage should be A ACould an emoj
44、i save our life?BWhat can emoji do in our life?CHow is emoji changing our life?DDo we really know about emoji?解析：标题判断题。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。地震博士Dr.Hicks为此做了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。分析选项可知A项(一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗？)符合题意。故选A项。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020辽宁
45、省五校协作体联合模拟)The Forbidden City, 1.located (locate) at the exact center of Beijing, is a place full of wonders.But more than 600 years after it was built, its still managing 2.to serve (serve) up surprises because the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes.Most structures arent made to
46、survive 3.natural (nature) disasters, let alone those built hundreds of years ago.To show 4.how strong ancient Chinese buildings really are, a television documentary by British broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient buildings designers.A group of Chinese carpenters and 5.engineers
47、(engineer) were shown building a scale model of one of the Forbidden Citys palaces, at one fifth of the size.The model 6.was put (put) to the test.It was subjected to a simulated earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale.Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved 7.gently (gentle) during the te
48、st.According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden Citys strength, lies in dougong 8.an old building method invented in China.In spite of being held together 9.without any nails or glue, dougong is perfect at 10.keeping (keep) structures together.So as Chinas most popular tourist destination, perh
49、aps the Forbidden City should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.文章大意：本文介绍了紫禁城的位置、历史、建筑抗震强以及抗震强的原因。解析：1考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处充当定语，省略了which is。be located at表示“位于”。2考查非谓语动词。manage后面用动词不定式作宾语。故用to serve。3考查形容词。空处充当定语，修饰disasters，说明被修饰词的性质，表示“自然的”。故用形容词形式natural。4考查副词。为了表明中国古
50、代的建筑是多么的结实，英国第四频道电视台的一个电视纪录片探索了古代中国建筑设计师们的技艺。how表示“多么”，修饰形容词strong。5考查名词的单复数。and连接并列结构，前后保持一致，前面用名词复数carpenters。故空处也应该用名词engineer的复数形式。6考查动词的时态和语态。该句意为：这个模型被投入到试验中，根据上下文可知，动作发生在过去。故用一般过去时，又因为主语The model与谓语动词put构成被动关系。故用was put。7考查副词。空处修饰动词moved。故用其副词形式gently。8考查冠词。method是可数名词，这里表示泛指一种。故用不定冠词，又因为空后是发
51、音以元音音素开头的old。故用an。9考查介词。根据上下文可知，用dougong这种技术建造房子不用钉子和胶水。故用without。10考查非谓语动词。keep充当介词at的宾语。故用其动名词形式。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2021江
52、西赣中南五校第一次联考)Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation,
53、our private car will make your visit easy.Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities, Im sure you will have no trouble communicate with them.Above all, they hosted the American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.In addition t
54、o, the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with. in a beautiful and quiet neighbor
55、hood, the house big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation, private car will make your visit easy.Because all the family members can speak English and have outgoing personalities, Im sure you will have no trouble with them.Above all, they host
56、ed American student last year, through they gained lots of experience.In addition to, the cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay there.Yours，Li Hua解析：1考查固定句式。arrange for sb.to do sth.意为“安排某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故在you前加for。2考查非谓语动词。be located in
57、.意为“坐落于”，为固定短语，在句中作状语。故将Locating改为Located。3考查时态。此处是在介绍这个家庭的基本情况，表示客观事实，故用一般现在时。故将was改为is。4考查代词。文章是“我”在为Peter介绍他所要寄宿的家庭的情况，与下文中的“them”相照应。故将our改为their。5考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词fluent作定语修饰English。故将fluently改为fluent。6考查固定句式。have no trouble(in) doing sth.意为“做某事没有困难”，为固定搭配，故用动词ing形式作宾语。故将communicate改为communicating。7考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，又因American的发音以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。8考查定语从句。在定语从句中，介词后跟关系代词which/whom。结合语境可知，关系词表示前面整件事。故将that改为which。9考查介词。由语境可知，此处应用In addition表示“此外”，故将介词to删除。in addition to为介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词ing作宾语，不可单独使用。10考查名词所有格。这里指女主人的厨艺，应用名词所有格。故将hostess改为hostess。