1、Module 1 British and American English基础巩固篇一、默写版块重点单词请快速写出下列单词对应的汉语意思1linguist n 语言学家 2motorway n (英)高速公路 3underground n (英)地铁 4subway n (美)地铁 5flashlight n (美)手电筒；火把 6queue vi (英)排队(等候) 7preposition n 介词 8omit vt 省略 9satellite n 卫星 10flick n 轻打；轻弹；抖动 11structure n 结构；体系 12linguistics n 语言学 13edition
2、 n (广播、电视节目的)期；版 14cute adj 逗人喜爱的 15distinctive adj 与众不同的 请快速写出下列英语单词16accent n口音17switch n开关18attempt n努力；尝试19look n外观；外表；样子20criticise vt批评21present vt陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；授予；颁发22standard adj标准的请快速写出下列英语单词及拓展单词23 confusing adj令人困惑的；难懂的 confused adj困惑的 confuse vt使困惑 confusion n困惑24 differ vi不同，有区别 differe
3、nt adj不同的，有区别的 difference n区别，差异25 steadily adv不断地；持续地 steady adj稳定的26 rapidly adv迅速地 rapid adj迅速的27 announcement n声明；宣告 announce v宣布，宣告；声明28 simplify vt简化 simple adj简单的 simply adv简单地29 reference n参考；查阅 refer v参考；查阅；涉及30 obvious adj显然的，显而易见的 obviously adv显然地31 compare vi比较 comparison n比较32 settler n
4、移民；定居者 settle v解决；定居 settlement n解决；定居点33 combination n组合；结合 combine v(使)结合，联合34 remark n评论；讲话 remarkable adj显著的；非凡的35 add vt加；增加 addition n增加；增加物高频短语1havein common 有相同的特点2make a difference 有影响，使不相同3get around 四处走动(旅行)4queue up/stand in line 排队5be similar to 与相似6lead to 引起；导致7pick up 学会；拾起，捡起；收听(广播)
5、8in favour of 同意；支持9refer toas 称为10thanks to 幸亏，多亏11be/get used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事12wear off 逐渐消失；减弱经典句型1Americans use a flashlight, while for the British，its a torch美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。2A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yo
6、rker伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。3This nonstop communication，the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other专家们认为，这种不间断的交流已使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。4However，if you turn on CNN，the American TV network，you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speakin
7、g with different accents然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音二、运用版块单句语法填空1We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common2To avoid getting confused (confuse) on how to operate the machine，you should first read the instructions carefully3The news shocked the public,
8、leading (lead) to great concern about students safety at school4You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had bringing (bring) up her children5Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after all6Tom has been preparing (prepare) carefully for the Engli
9、sh examination，so that he can be sure of passing it at his first attempt7She left the room so hurriedly, leaving (leave) the lights on for the whole night8Social networking makes it easier for people to keep (keep) in touch with each other9The ideas presented (present) by our manager in the meeting
10、sound reasonable10When compared (compare) with the size of the whole earth，the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all单句改错1The confusing look on Toms face suggested that he didnt quite understand his managers ideaconfusingconfused2It will make big difference whether the opening ceremony becomes suc
11、cessful or not在 make 后加 a3Tom looked upon the test as an obstacle when his classmates regarded it as a challengewhenwhile4If you do a favour to him，he will be in favour for you in the class electionforof5Thank to your help，we succeeded in solving the tough problemThankThanks完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1这首诗对中学生来说很
12、容易，而对于小学生来说就很难理解。(while)The poem is easy for a middle school student while it is difficult for a pupil to understand2从我自身经历中，我了解到几句表扬的话对某人会非常重要。(make a difference)From my own experience，I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone3Everyone in this city knew him，so we f
13、ound his house without difficultyEveryone in this city knew him，so we had no difficulty finding his house(difficulty)4If you compare the two books，youll find the thick one is better Comparing the two books，youll find the thick one is better Compare the two books and youll find the thick one is bette
14、r Compared with/to the thin book，the thick one is better5美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。Americans and Chinese differ greatly in managing time (differ in)Americans differ from Chinese greatly in managing time (differ from)Americans are very different from Chinese in managing time (different)There are many diffe
15、rences between Americans and Chinese in managing time(difference)能力提升篇阅读理解While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that weve “summered”“Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed nounWay back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun
16、 and a verbWith such a clear definition, it was easy to spot the differenceNot so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” the bill, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponentsChances are you didnt feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns“The verbing of nouns is
17、as old as the English language，” says Patricia OConner, a former editor at The New York Times Book ReviewExperts estimated that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nounsAnd the phenomenon seems to be snowballingSince 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nounsEven though
18、 the conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practiceWilliam Strunk Jrand EBWhite, in The Elements of Stylean authoritative (权威性的) book for the use of American Englishhave this to say, “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbsNot all are bad, but all
19、are suspect” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them，” says OConnerThats why were comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought o
20、f “medaling” in sportsSo are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesnt offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if its easily replaced by an already existing popular verbMake sure its descriptive but not sillysounding, he say
21、sIn the end, however, style is subjectiveThe easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English”Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it语篇解读在英语中把名词动词化
22、的做法很普遍，但是很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且有时这样做也可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。1What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?AIt hasnt recently been opposed by many grammariansBIt is more commonly accepted by children than adultsCIt hasnt been a rare phenomenon since last centuryDIt is easily replaced by existing verbs in pr
23、actice解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns”可知，自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词。据此可知，自20世纪以来，名词的动词化就成了常见的现象，故C项正确。答案：C2What is most leading experts attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?ACautiousBSatisfiedCDisappointed DUnconcerned解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的
24、内容，尤其是“Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs Not all are bad, but all are suspect”可知，针对名词的动词化，两位权威的语法学家认为并非所有这种做法都是不好的，但所有都是不可靠的。据此可推知，权威专家对把名词动词化的做法持谨慎的态度，故A项正确。答案：A3What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?APredictable BPracticableCApproaching DImpossible解析：推理判
25、断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Not every coinage passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it”可知，不是每个新创的词语都会被普遍使用，但是至于试图结束名词的动词化，那就算了吧。据此可推知，作者认为结束名词的动词化是不可能的，故D项正确。A项意为“可预见的”，B项意为“可行的，行得通的”，都与文义不符。答案：D4What is the best title for the text?AAre 40 Percent of All New Verbs from Nouns
26、?BAre Summering and Medaling Annoying?CAre You Comfortable about a New Verb?DAre There Any Rules for Verbing?解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段以summer一词为例引出主题：名词的动词化；接着文章表述把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但有很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且这样做有时可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。故B项最适合作本文标题。答案：B阅读七选五Gift giving is an artThe perfect present can put someone in a
27、good mood or improve a relationshipIt can remind a loved one that you care 1 There are a set of rules to followDont add a small gift to a big oneWhen we receive gifts in a bundle (包)，we tend to unknowingly average out their value，so a small gift attached to a big one will hurt the latters impact (效果
28、) 2 In the study，participants were offered either an iPod by itself，or an iPod with a free download for one songWhen asked how much they would pay for it，those offered the iPod with the free download valued it 20% less than those without 3 Lets put it simply：buy things that your receiver would buy f
29、or themselvesThat might seem obvious，but it happens far less than wed likePeople tend to use gifts to signal something about themselves rather than providing utility (实用) to the receiverThe best way to get it right is to simply ask the question：What would you like?Gift experiences rather than things
30、A new iPhone becomes old fastBut a dream vacation or a concert will give the receiver memories that last foreverExperiences often have more thought gone into them 4 Spend more on others than on yourselfThe last rule is a nobrainer：remember the gift of giving 5 The good feelings you may experience fr
31、om giving someone a gift they love may also last longer than spending money on yourselfAThink like the receiverBThis was proved by a 2012 studyCIts not a good choice to send a rushed or poorly chosen giftDA study finds that spending money on others promotes happinessEBut gift giving is different，because we are not buying for ourselvesFMoney spent on doing provides more happiness than money spent on havingGSo gift giving is a social activity that requires careful thought and consideration答案：15GBAFD