1、 2013高考英语二轮阅读理解强化训练系列（07）及答案ADior was born in Normandy in 1905, and his familys original plans for him included a career in the diplomatic service, but by the time he was twenty-three, with his parents money, he opened a small art gallery in Paris. By 1931, the money had been used up. Diors friends
2、in the art gallery ,asked him to draw and he took his first step at designing and drawing. His first job was with Lucien Lelong from whom Dior learned his craft (手艺）.In February, 1947, Dior started the New Look in his first major Paris collection. He was backed by a famous textile producer, Boussac
3、, who looked after the dollars, while Dior looked after the fashions. Dior knew nothing about cutting and sewing, but he was good at fashion design.The New Look started an entirely different look to costume, with a tiny waist, a rounded shoulder and a shapely bust (胸围）,usually with a low-cut necklin
4、e and a long full skirt. To women who had lived through the war years, the femaleness of the New Look was a great success ,for people were tired of extremely plain, wartime restrictive fashions.It is said that dresses by Dior were constructed like buildings, but young people were attracted to his de
5、sign, and all over the western world, manufacturers plunged (投入)into the production of his new style. Diors revolutionary designs lighted up a whole cycle of fashion ,rounded, gentle, feminine, a delight in elegance. A New Look House of Dior opened in 1948，followed by one in London. Considered as Ki
6、ng of Couture (womens clothing) for years, the Diorempire grew until it covered every country in the western world, and included furs, hosiery ,jewelry, perfumes, mens wear and on and on. More than 1,000 people worked at the Paris headquarters then.His sudden death in 1957 when he was 53 years old d
7、id not stop the growth of the House of Dior. Even now, so many years after his death, his name is closely connected with fashion throughout the world, and indeed is one of the most recognized names in the world. His first, great New Look, with its long skirts was an expression of freedom in the late
8、 1940s.41.Which of the following designs is close to Diors?42.According to the passage, in Diors life, he did NOT _ .A. make creative fashion designs B. work in a diplomatic serviceC. learn craft as his first job D. open a New Look House43.We can infer from the passage that _A.Dior and his supporter
9、 had different interests in businessB.Diors New Look had little influence on people thenC.Dior is only a brand of womens fashion in the western worldD.Diors fashion was not accepted at first but at last was successful44.What is probably the best title for the passage?A. The History of the New Look B
10、. The Growth of the Dior EmpireC. An Expression of Freedom 一 Dior D. The Founder of the New Look DiorBAfter years of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It san interesting and exciting new improvement in todays world as we look for better ways to protect the qua
11、lity of the air we breathe and conserve (保持)our natural resources.The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which is used to power a cars engine. The EPA has set national stand
12、ards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air ，and the automobile industry has acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery
13、powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug (接通电源）it in to charge it. But thats not how it works. The 144-volt battery pack is actually recharged through the energy that is produced when the cars brakes are used. This is referred to as regener
14、ative braking, because it generates electricity.Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically shuts off to save fuel .Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear
15、and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts backup.Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probably wouldnt happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, I am low on gas. When it completely runs out, the warning reads，Y
16、OU ARE NOW OUT OFGAS ！ ” Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.45.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The hybrid car will be put on the market in the near future.B.The hybrid cars run faster and are much safer than re
17、gular cars.C.When the hybrid car stops at a traffic light, the driver will get a warning.D.The burning of fossil fuels is one of the largest sources of air pollution.46.According to the passage, the word hybrid refers to _.A. a high-tech discovery B. energy savingC. a new invention D. a combination
18、of two things47.Regenerative breaking is an important process of the hybrid car because _.A.it allows the car to come to a quick stopB.it gives the driver a smoother rideC.it produces energy to charge the batteryD.it can control the speed of the car48.Which of the following is right about the EPA?A.
19、They have designed hybrid cars to reduce air pollution.B.They have declared the burning of fossil fuels to be illegal.C.They set important guidelines that help control pollution.D.Their main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals.COpinion is a word that is used carelessly today. It is u
20、sed to refer to matters of taste, belief ,and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didnt attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, and Everyone has the right to ex
21、press his opinion, are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge anothers opinion is likely to be branded intolerant (不容异己的，偏执的).Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge anothers opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a
22、 friend What do you think of the new Ford cars? And he may reply, In my opinion, theyre ugly. In this case ，it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For its obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, Its po
23、intless to argue about matters of taste.But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial (有争议的）case. Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes. They stated th
24、eir considered judgment ,carefully arrived at after thorough investigation and consideration.Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief mo
25、re or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence.Is everyone free to express his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed .We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others.49.Which of the following statements is TRUE a
26、ccording to the author?A.Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.B.Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.C.Most people tend to form their opinions carelessly.D.Casual use of the word opinion often causes quarrels.50.According to the author, who of the following would be regarded
27、as intolerant?A.Someone who turns a deaf ear to others opinions.B.Someone who cant put up with others tastes.C.Someone who values only their own opinions.D.Someone whose opinion harms other people.51.The new Ford cars are quoted as an example to show that _.A.it is foolish to criticize a famous bran
28、dB.one should not always agree to others opinionsC.personal tastes are not something to be challengedD.it is unwise to express ones likes and dislikes in public52.Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that _.A.it is stated by judges in the courtB.it reflects public like and di
29、slikesC.it is a result of a lot of argumentD.it is based on careful thoughtDIt is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterre
30、nt as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界）outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott
31、Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions .Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them.The influence
32、of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical company before returning to university as a post-
33、doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换）to a
34、cademia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate(谈判)contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that
35、will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experiencein manufacturing practice or product development. Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has f
36、ar more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.53.By a one-way street in Paragraph One, the author means. _A.university researchers know little about the commercial worldB.there is little exchange between industry and academiaC.few industri
37、al scientists would quit to work in a universityD. few university professors are willing to do industrial research54.The underlined word deterrent most probably refers to something that _ A. keeps someone from taking action B. helps to move the trafficC. attracts peoples attention D. brings someone
38、a financial burden55.Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to _ A.do more financially rewarding workB.raise his position in the academic worldC.enrich his experience in medical researchD.exploit better intellectual opportunities56.What contribution can industrial scientists m
39、ake when they come to teach in a university?A.Increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market.B.Develop its students potential in the research work.C.Help it to gain access to financial support from industry.D.Get its research go towards practical applications.EYOU CANT DO IT EVEN IF IT HUR
40、TS NOBODYWho do you think breaks the law in our society? If you believe that only tough guys commit crimes, you may have to think again. Unlike in the movies, we cant divide the world into bad guys and model citizens. Real life is much more complex. In the same way that diseases range from the commo
41、n cold to fatal forms of cancer, crimes vary in degree. For example, smoking in an elevator will inconvenience people, but much less than threatening them with a gun.In addition to breaking the law themselves, people tolerate various levels of crime. Why can we tolerate some crimes? It may be that,
42、by seeing others do something, we accept it more easily .For instance, most people will find it easier to speed on a highway when everybody else is driving over the speed limit. When people celebrate a sports championship, if they see someone breaking store windows, they might start breaking windows
43、 themselves or even steal from the store. So the people around us influence how much law-breaking we can tolerate.We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day makes us tolerate crime more than we should. We become used to seeing blood on t
44、he news on television, or in full color in newspapers and magazines. Because we see thousands of dead people on TV, maybe we just try to ignore the situation behind the violence .If so many citizens tolerate violence and crime, or even commit crimes themselves, it may simply be because of the human
45、mind. Our minds may not care about specific laws. Instead, our minds may have a system of values that usually prevents us from hurting other people to improve our own lives. Yet, when it comes to respecting the rights of a mass of anonymous (不知名的)individuals, we might not be so responsible. While mo
46、st people would not steal a wallet containing $50，they may not mind cheating on taxes, because cheating on taxes does not hurt anyone person. It hurts society, but society remains an abstract (抽象的）idea that is not as real asa neighbor or a friends friend.When we realize that many people have misunde
47、rstandings of law-breaking, we could think it is surprising that so many people have a criminal record. How could we improve the level of honesty in our society? Would strict laws help make our society better? Probably not. Honesty will have to come from social pressure: in the family, at school, on
48、 the job, each and every one of us can encourage honesty by showing which behavior is unacceptable. And teaching respect shouldbecome everyones responsibility.57.According to the author, Real life is much more complex. probably means _.A.there is a wide range of people and crimes in the real lifeB.s
49、moking in an elevator goes against laws in the real lifeC.there are much more crimes than diseases in the real lifeD.some model citizens sometimes break laws in the real life58.What does the author think of the people who cheat on taxes?A.They take no notice of the human mind.B.They break the laws u
50、naccepted in their minds.C.They hurt other people to improve their own lives.D.They arent concerned with some particular laws.59.People tolerate violence and crime because _.A.their behavior is the same as that of most other peopleB.they pay no attention to the truth behind the crimesC.most unlawfii
51、l acts are not harmful to the individualD.they hold mistaken beliefs about law-breaking60.What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A.To discuss whether laws are strict enough.B.To remind people to behave with honesty.C.To show people the importance of education.D.To explain why many people have criminal records.参考答案