1、2013高考英语二轮完形填空与阅读填空（8）（答案）一、 考情分析 说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释和说明的一种文体。天文地理、人情世故、客观事物、主观意识等宇宙间的一切都可以通过说明文加以阐述说明。说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。说明文的内容也很客观、真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，没有华丽的辞藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加以描述和议论。说明文的内容比较直白，脉络清晰，有没有很多的感情因素掺入，所以就不会有过多情感词汇，在理解上自然不会有走不出去的迷宫。说明文的层次清晰
2、，整体性强。所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题较多。只有把握这些关键，做完形填空题时才能得心应手，游刃有余。二、 要点突破重要语法知识掌握牢、理解长句和难句的句子结构 对于语法结构的考查主要集中在定语从句（连接词、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别、定语从句与其它主从复合句的区别）、状语从句。非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词）、时态和语态、特殊句型（省略句、倒装句等）以及一些词类之间的搭配知识（如名词需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰，动词需要副词修饰等语法项目上。此类题除了要求考生具备系统准确的语法知识之外，还要求考生注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，这样才能提高答题
3、的准确率。这样层次的考点主要涉及句子间的关系代词、连词等。 英语中常见得长难句：英语中常见的长难句有如下几个特点：句子信息量大，结构复杂，或附加成分多（几种从句同时出现），分隔现象普遍（主谓分隔、同位语分隔、定语分隔等），有时还会出现省略现象。1、 夹杂有过去分词短语、现在分词短语、动名词或定义从句。2、 夹杂有虚拟语气、宾语从句或定语从句。3、 夹杂有定语从句、时间状语从句或条件从句。4、 夹杂有让步状语从句、现在分词短语或过去分词短语5、 夹杂有过去分词短语、宾语从句，并且主语、谓语出现分隔现象。【例】(2010年高考全国卷)The nurse had him take a36(seat)
4、 in the waiting area,37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see himA. if B. before C. since D. after【点金】B.这是一个复杂的句子，其中主句部分为“The nurse had him take a 36(seat) in the waiting area”,包含了一个have sb do sth结构。动名词短语含有it+be+时间段+before的固定结构，before引导时间状语从句，故选B.The US Departm
5、ent of Labor statistics show that there is an oversupply of college trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing.Already there have been more than 1 teachers，engineers，physicists，aerospace experts，and other specialists. 2 colleges and graduate schools continue every year to 3 highly traine
6、d people to compete for jobs that arent there.The result is that graduates cannot enter the 4 for which they were trained and must take 5 jobs which do not require a college degree. 6 ，there is a great need for 7 workers of all sorts：carpenters，electricians，mechanics，plumbers，TV repairmen.These peop
7、le have more work than they can 8 ，and their annual incomes are often 9 than those of college graduates.The old gap that whitecollar workers make a better living than bluecollar workers no longer 10 true.The law of supply and demand now 11 the skilled workmen.The 12 for this situation is the traditi
8、onal myth that college degree is a 13 to a prosperous future.A large part of American society 14 success in life equally with a college degree.Parents begin indoctrinating(灌输) their children with this 15 before they are out of grade school.High school teachers 16 their part by acting as if high scho
9、ol education were a preparation for college 17 for life.Under this 18 the kids fall in line.Whether they want to go to college or not doesnt 19 .Everybody should go to college，so of course they must go.And every year college enrollments go up and up，and more and more graduates are overeducated for t
10、he kinds of jobs 20 to them.1A.possibleBenoughCaverageDmany2A.HoweverBThereforeCThoughDYet3A.turn inBturn overCturn outDturn up4A.professionsBjobsCbusinessesDcategories5A.newBextraCtemporaryDsteady6A.Above allBFor one thingCGenerally speaking DOn the other hand7A.diligentBkindCskilledDclever8A.take
11、inBdeal withChand outDset up9A.higherBlargerClowerDsmaller10A.soundsBstaysCcomesDholds11A.favorsBprefersCtreatsDimproves12A.referenceBresultCresponseDreason13A.certificationBmeanCpassportDprocess14A.matchesBprovidesCdecoratesDcompares15A.storyBmythCagreementDlaw16A.chooseBtakeCplayDlearn17A.except f
12、orBrather thanCbut forDother than18A.pressureBimpressionCdepressionDpress19A.existBworkChelpDmatter20A.relevantBavailableCaccessibleDsame. 1B2D3C4A5C6D7C8B9A10D11A12D13C14A15B16C17B18A19D20B*结束For years，scientists have studied stemcell treatment of cancer.Doctors now use stem cells in therapies(治疗)
13、for several forms of the disease.But at the same time，researchers increasingly are examining a possible connection between stem cells and cancer.A large number of researchers now point to stem cells as a possible cause of solid tumors(瘤)Studies have reported identifying cancer stem cells.Stem cells
14、can develop into any kind of cell，like skin，blood or brain cells.Embryos(胚胎) have more stem cells than adults.Embryonic stem cells can develop into all the many different tissues that form the body.But there are stem cells that remain throughout a persons life to replace cells that become damaged.Wh
15、en a stem cell divides，one of the two cells remains a stem cell.The other becomes a specialized cell.Many questions remain to be answered.But the general thinking seems to be that cancer stem cells represent a small population of the cells in a tumor.Some researchers think these cancer stem cells ha
16、ve the ability to divide and change into other types of cells.As a result，they think the stem cells help the cancer to spread to other organs.The researchers also think cancer stem cells are able to repair and feed tumors so they continue to grow.They suspect that the cells are even able to repair d
17、amage from radiation treatment and form new tumors.This could explain why some cancers resist drug therapies.Much of the research into cancer stem cells is being done in California and Canada.Last week，Canadian Health Minister Tony Clement and California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger announced join
18、t efforts.Their governments agreed to provide one hundred million dollars each over the next three years for research into cancer stem cells.1Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?ADoctors now use stem cells in therapies for cancer.BStem cells only exist in embryos.CSome
19、 stem cells can develop into brain cells.DStem cells can develop into any disease.2According to some researchers， .Acancer stem cells cant replace cells that become damagedBstem cells help the cancer to spread to other organsCcancer stem cells are able to keep tumors from growingDcancer stem cells c
20、an easily be damaged by radiation3Which countries will do more research into cancer stem cells?AThe US and Canada.BThe EU and the US.CCanada and China.DThe US and Switzerland.4The best title of the passage would be .AResearch into Cancer Stem Cells Breaks ThroughBCancer Stem Cells Capture Attention
21、of ScientistsCMuch Research into Cancer Stem Cells Have Been DoneDCalifornia and Canada Invested More to Cancer Research1Already there have been more than enough teachers，engineers，physicists，aerospace experts，and other specialists. (完形填空第一段)已经有了过多的教师、工程师、物理学家、航空专家和其他方面的专家。(1)Its more than likely th
22、at theres oil here under the ground.这里的地下很可能有石油。(2)We will be more than happy to help you in any way we can.我们会很高兴尽我们所能来帮助你。2.their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates.(完形填空第二段)他们的年收入经常会比大学毕业生的高。(1)The machine we use today are much better than those we used ten years ago.
23、今天我们所用的机器比十年前所用的机器要好的多。(2)These flowers are better than those we planted last year.这些花比我们去年种的花好看。3But there are stem cells that remain throughout a persons life to replace cells that become damaged. (阅读理解第四段)但是还有一些干细胞存在于人的一生当中，来取代那些已经损坏了的细胞。(1)The book that you are reading is written by a contempora
24、ry American novelist.你正在读的那本书是一位美国现代小说家写的。(2)The old professor made full use of the time that there was left to him to continue his research in the field of electronics.这位老教授充分利用余年，继续他在电子学方面的研究。4Many questions remain to be answered. (阅读理解第五段) 许多问题留待以后回答。(1)It remains to be seen who will win.谁会赢现在尚不能确定。(2)Much remains to be done.要做的事情还很多。答案. 1C2B3A4B