1、安徽省池州市第一中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中教学质量检测试题（含解析）满分150分，考试时间120分钟第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1. What does the man probably do?A. A taxi driver. B. A waiter. C. A policeman.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A zoo. B. An animal. C. A photo.3. What does the man
2、 want to do?A. Buy some flowers. B. Book a hotel. C. Take a walk.4. How does the woman find Jims studying method?A. Strange. B. Worrying. C. Unusual.5. Which floor are the speakers on now?A. The sixth. B. The seventh. C. The eighth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6 Why d
3、oes the man talk to the woman?A. To order a meal. B. To check the bill. C. To find his wallet.7. How much money was left after the man paid?A. $30. B. $470. C. $500.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. How far can the woman run an hour on the running machine?A. About 7 kilometers. B. About 8 kilometers. C. About 10 k
4、ilometers.9. Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Athlete and coach. B. Customer and trainer. C. Customer and gym worker.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Which place is in need of cleaners?A. The business building. B. The middle school. C. The big market.11. What does the man say about t
5、he job in the zoo?A The pay is good. B. The hours are long. C. The task is hard.12. What does the man plan to do next term?A. Look for a job. B. Become a tour guide. C. Focus on his study.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How old is the man now?A. 19. B. 25. C. 35.14. How did the man learn to play the game firs
6、t?A. From his brother. B. From his friend. C. From the Internet.15. How did the man feel when he heard Hearthstone?A. Interested. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised.16. What will the speakers probably do afterwards?A. Download a game. B. Play a game. C. Introduce a game.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What are th
7、e old tables used for?A. Keeping the magazines. B. Storing old books. C. Placing the computers.18. What can students do at the study desks now?A. Use the printers. B. Make telephone calls. C. Use the Internet.19. How long can students keep library books?A. For two months. B. For six weeks. C. For th
8、irty days.20. How did students use to renew a book?A. By phone. B. In person. C. By e-mail.第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）AFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) CenterIf youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The center
9、 offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to
10、be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what theyre studying in the classroom.For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, lea
11、rn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badges. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight sim
12、ulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of downed pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger t
13、ask.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a week there is something here for everyone!For more details please visit us online at .1. How can trainees earn th
14、eir Aviation badges?A. By trying simulated flying to space.B. By getting a Space Exploration badge first.C. By studying the principles of flight and testing operating skills.D. By learning about water-and land-survival skills.2. What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Communication
15、skill.C. Task planning.D. Team spirit.3. Whats the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce the center.B. To attract people to attend the center.C. To provide employment opportunities.D. To reward the talents.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】本文是应用文，短文是the Space and Aviation Center的宣传册。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“The Av
16、iation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badges. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.（航空挑战计划让学员有机会获得他们的航空徽章。他们学习飞行原理和测试他们在各种飞行模拟器的驾驶舱中的操作技能。）”可知，通过学习飞行原理和测试他们的操作技能，学员可以取得航空徽章。故选C。【2
17、题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task. （在所有的项目中，团队合作是关键，因为学员可以学到领导能力以及成为更大任务的一部分的重要性。）”可知，对于学员来说，团队精神是最重要的。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了在the Space and Aviation Center (SAC)（太空和航空中心），学员可以得到什么样的体验。根据文章最后部分“
18、there is something here for everyone! For more details, please visit us online at . （这里有适合每个人的东西!要了解更多详情，请访问我们的网站。）”可以推断，文章的目的是想吸引更多的学院加入该中心，体验航空方面的冒险活动。故选B。BWherever she goes, Molly leaves her marks. Without saying a word, she speaks to people with her kind eyes. Even when she walks away, she leave
19、s an impression. Mollys mark is a smile, stamped into the ground by the horseshoe at the bottom of her false leg.A few years ago, Molly was badly attacked by a dog. The dog bit all four Mollys legs and left large cuts on her face. Mollys owner, Kate Harris, took her to an animal hospital. Doctors th
20、ere were able to save Mollys life, but soon one of her legs became very infected.At first, doctors thought Molly would not survive. But Molly changed their minds. This pony, as doctors noticed, shifted her weight, and rested her good legs from time to time. Doctors knew that Molly had amazing intell
21、igence, and that she wanted to live.Several doctors operated on Molly, and removed her infected leg. A false leg was made for her. The leg was a hollow cast with a pole at the bottom for balance. Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the bottom of the leg. This horseshoe she had had a stamp of a
22、 smiling face in it!After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs, as if nothing had ever happened to her! Now, with every step she takes, she stamps a smile in the dirt. But she leaves her mark in other ways, too.Kate Harris took Molly to the false leg center. There were children there
23、who, like Molly, had artificial arms or legs. They were amazed to see a pony with a false leg. Molly made them smile and gave them hope. Soon, Molly began to visit schools, nursing homes, army bases and hospitals. A book was even written about Molly!4. Molly is the name of a _.A. dogB. childC. teach
24、erD. horse5. Which of the followings is true according to the passage?A. All Mollys four legs were removed because of infection.B. Molly surprised people for her intelligence and determination.C. Kate Harris refused to operate on Molly in the beginning.D. Molly was in low spirits for a long time aft
25、er the operation.6. What is unique about Molly?A. Mollys false leg has a smiling face.B. Molly accompanies her owner to school every day.C. Molly can speak to people in kind words.D. Molly is good at running and has won several awards.7. Which is the best title for this passage?A. A false leg.B. One
26、 day about Molly.C. Molly and her smile mark.D. A successful operation.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一匹穿着假肢的小马驹的故事，这匹小马驹的积极正面的形象给同样遭受截肢的孩子们带来了快乐和希望。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“This pony, as doctors noticed, shifted her weight, and rested her good legs from time to time.”（医生们注意到，这匹小马时不时地变换一下重心，让它的好腿
27、休息一下。）可知，受伤的Molly其实是一匹小马。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Doctors there were able to save Mollys life, but soon one of her legs became very infected.”（那里的医生挽救了莫莉的生命，但不久她的一条腿感染得很严重。）可知，A选项四条腿都感染了不符合原文；根据第三段最后一句“Doctors knew that Molly had amazing intelligence, and that she wanted to live.”（医生们知道莫莉有惊人的智慧，她想
28、活下去。）可知，人们对Molly的智慧以及想要活下去的决心感到吃惊，B选项正确；根据第五段第一句“After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs, as if nothing had ever happened to her! ”（手术后，莫莉用四条腿四处走动，好像什么事都没发生过!）可知，手术后Molly四处走动，心情很不错，D选项Molly不开心与原文不符；C选项文中为提及。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the botto
29、m of the leg. This horseshoe she had had a stamp of a smiling face in it!”（医生在莫莉的假腿的底部放置了一个特殊的马蹄铁。她在这个马蹄铁上印着一张笑脸!）可知，Molly的独特之处在于它的假腿上有一张笑脸。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Now, with every step she takes, she stamps a smile in the dirt. But she leaves her mark in other ways, too.”（现在，她每走一步，都在泥土上留下微笑。但她也在其他方面
30、也留下了自己的印记。），和句子“Molly made them smile and gave them hope.”（莫莉逗他们笑并给他们带来了希望。）可知，最后一段为文章的主旨，整篇文章讲述的其实是一匹名叫Molly的小马和它的微笑印记。故选C项。CWhen people visit their local family-owned pumpkin patch around Halloween, they arent usually looking for dinner. The majority of the nearly 2 billion pounds of pumpkins grow
31、n in the US each year are carved（雕刻）up instead of being eaten, making them a unique part of the agriculture industry. For people who prefer seasonal recipes to decorations, that may raise a few questions: Are the pumpkins sold for jack-o-lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food? And are Hallowe
32、en pumpkins any good to eat?Carving pumpkins, often with a round shape and deep orange color, dont taste very good, because they are bred to be decorations first. They have walls that are thin enough to stick a knife through and a texture (质地) thats unappealing compared to the ones consumers are use
33、d to eating. “Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat; however, its not the best type to use for cooking,” Daria McKelvey, a supervisor for the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden, tells Mental Floss. Unlike decorative pumpkins, cooking pumpkins are small and dense (紧实的)
34、. This is one reason they taste better. McKelvey says. “Cooking pumpkins are smaller, sweeter, and have fewer fibers, making them easier to cook withbut not so good for carving.” These pumpkins can be added into soup, or simply roasted.If you do want to get some use out of your carving pumpkins this
35、 Halloween, turn the flesh of your Halloween pumpkin into pure. Adding sugar and spices and baking it into a dessert can do a lot to mask the fruits underwhelming flavor(味道). Whatever you do, make sure your pumpkin isnt carved up already when you decide to cook with it. Never use one thats been carv
36、ed into a jack-o-lantern, otherwise you could be dealing with bacteria, dirt and dust.8. Whats the writers purpose in paragraph 1?A. To introduce a new concept.B. To lead readers to the topic.C. To make a summary.D. To offer background information.9. How does the text mainly develop in paragraph 2?A
37、. By providing examples.B. By following the order of time.C. By making comparisons.D. By following the order of importance.10. Why cant we cook with carved pumpkins according to the last paragraph?A. Because they are specifically used for decoration.B. Because they are not so delicious as the ones s
38、old for food.C. Because they are too expensive to serve as a dish.D. Because they are not healthy and safe enough as food.11. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A magazine.C. A novel.D. A guidebook.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一到万圣节，就会有许许多多南瓜被雕成南瓜灯，这些南瓜颜色鲜艳又饱满，不知道吃起来味道怎么
39、样呢？实际上，装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜完全是不同的品种，前者是不建议食用的，因为不是很美味，如果真的要吃，那一定要选用没被雕刻过的南瓜。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Are the pumpkins sold for jack-o-lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food? And are Halloween pumpkins any good to eat? ” (作为南瓜灯原材料出售的南瓜和作为食物出售的南瓜一样吗？万圣节南瓜的味道好不好？)可知，作者提出来的这两个问题是在吸引读者，引发读者阅读的兴趣，同时也预示着作者在下文会有解
40、释，旨在引导读者进入主题。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Carving pumpkins, often with a round shape and deep orange color, dont taste very good.”(雕刻南瓜的形状通常是圆形的，颜色是深橘色，但雕刻出来的南瓜味道不太好)、第二段第三句“Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat” (未经雕刻的南瓜吃起来是安全的)、第二段第四句“Unlike decorative pumpkins, cooking pumpkins are small and dense.
41、” (与装饰南瓜不一样，食用南瓜是小而密集。)以及第二段第六句“Cooking pumpkins are smaller, sweeter, and have fewer fibers, making them easier to cook withbut not so good for carving. ” (烹饪南瓜更小，更甜，纤维更少，更容易烹饪，但不太适合雕刻)可知，本段是通过装饰南瓜和烹饪南瓜之间的比较来展开的。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“Never use one thats been carved into a jack-o-lantern, oth
42、erwise you could be dealing with bacteria, dirt and dust. ” (永远不要用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，否则你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物) 可知，用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物，由此可见是不健康的。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文介绍了装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜是完全不同的品种。由此可推断出A. diary日记；C. novel小说 D. guidebook指南，均不符合题意，本文的来源可能为一本杂志。故选B项。DPeople have grown tal
43、ler over the last century. A global study looked at the average height of the 18-year-olds in 200 countries in 1914 and 2014. The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from the 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5c
44、m. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from the 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm.James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutriti
45、on and healthcare. “An individuals genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role,” he adds.A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. “Being taller is associated with longer life exp
46、ectancy,” he says. “This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular disease among taller people.”“But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern,” says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger durin
47、g the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.“One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,” says Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy
48、 of structural adjustment led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important influences. “How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grow up in,” he says. “If we give c
49、hildren the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.”12. What can we learn from the study in paragraph 1?A. Dutch men were the tallest people in the world in 2014.B. Swedes were the tallest with an average height of 182.5cm in 1914.C. There has
50、 been little increase in most countries.D. The increase in womens height is bigger than mens.13. According to James Bentham, how do genes influence the increase of peoples height?A. They determine peoples height completely.B. They influence more on an individual than on populations.C. They have the
51、same influences as nutrition and healthcare.D. They play a more significant role in females than males.14. What does the underlined word “reversed” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Grown in the same way.B. Changed in the opposite direction.C. Appeared a second time.D. Stopped all of a sudden.15. What is Benth
52、ams attitude to the influences of the increasing height?A. Uncaring.B. Negative.C. Critical.D. Objective.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。这是一篇说明文。全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。全球身高增长的趋势有着重要的影响。我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。文章建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“A gl
53、obal study looked at the average height of the 18-year-olds in 200 countries in 1914 and 2014. The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from the 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm.(一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年200个国家18
54、岁青少年的平均身高。调查结果显示，瑞典人在1914年是世界上最高的人，而荷兰人从第12名成为世界第一，平均身高上升到182.5厘米，)”可知，荷兰人是2014年世界上最高的人。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“An individuals genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role(一个人的基因对他的身高有很大的影响，但是一旦你把身高平均下来，基因的作用就不那么重要了)”可知，基因对个体的影响大
55、于对群体的影响，从而影响人们身高增长。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern”可知，虽然世界各地的身高都在增加，但北非和撒哈拉以南非洲许多国家的这一趋势令人担忧。根据下文“ with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.”18岁人群身高下降了。由此可知，画线词所在句意思为：在20世纪早期，乌干达和尼日尔的身高
56、有所上升，但近年来，这一趋势发生了逆转，18岁人群的身高出现了下降。即画线词意思为“逆转”。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grow up in, he says. If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.(他说:“我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长
57、环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的生活开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康、更有年富力强。”)”可推知，Bentham对身高增长的影响持客观态度。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从下框的AG选项中选出最佳答案。 选项中有两项为多余选项。Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the o
58、nly cause of additional purchases. _16_ And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. _17_ A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital wo
59、rkers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute
60、 sales of healthier foods._18_ It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods m
61、ore convenient or attractive can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their citys crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and n
62、uts near the checkout counter. _19_Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. _20_ The finding
63、s were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that creating more checkout lines would open customers eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand he
64、althy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.A. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.B. These foods give people more energy.C. The location of store displays also influences our shopping choices.D. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.
65、E. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.F. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior.G. Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. A【解析】这
66、是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。【16题详解】根据上文“Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases.(空着肚子去杂货店，你可能会带一些你不
67、打算买的东西回家。但饥饿并不是增加购买的唯一原因)”以及后文“And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.(它可能会形成或破坏一些健康的饮食习惯)”可知，本句应当承接上文说明去商店增加了购买的其他原因，且后文中it与C选项中The location形成指代关系。故C选项“商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products
68、most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks.(结帐区是垃圾食品特别受欢迎的地方。研究发现，最常见的产品是含糖和盐的零食)”以及后文“A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014
69、Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods.( 2012年荷兰的一项研究发现，当食堂的货架上更容易买到健康零食时，医院工作人员更有可能放弃垃圾食品而选择健康零食。2014年，挪威和冰岛的研究人员还发现，在收银台用健康食品取代不健康食品，大大增加了结账时健康食品的销量)”可知，空格后的两个
70、举例都是强调如果购物者经常看到的是健康食品，他们会选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。故F选项“一些研究表明，简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encourage consumption, says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, Making healthy foods more convenient or attra
71、ctive can lead to increased sales of those products.(“我们知道，商店里充斥着鼓励消费的暗示，”该部门的研究科学家Tamar Adjoian说，“让健康食品更方便或更吸引人，可以提高这些产品的销量。”)”可知，本句应当是在说明有关部门对上一段中提到的发现的反应，后文中at the department指代D选项中New York City Department of Health。故D选项“这些发现引起了纽约市卫生部的注意”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if
72、such findings would apply to their citys crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.( Adjoian和她的同事想知道这样的发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的结账区，所以他们选择了布朗克斯区的三家超市进行自己的研究。他们在收银台附近用水果和坚果代替了糖果和饼干
73、)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明研究过程，G选项中they指代上文Adjoian and her colleagues。故G选项“然后他们在两周内记录在每家商店六次三小时的购物记录”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foo
74、ds more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.(在他们观察的2100多名购物者中，只有4%的人在收银台买过东西。然而，在那些选择健康食品的人当中，选择健康食品的人购买营养食品的频率是选择标准食品的人的两倍多)”以及后文“The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.(研究结果发表在9月份的营养教育与行为杂志上)”可知，这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的findin
75、gs可知，前边至少有两项发现。上文已经提到了一个发现，本句应当是在说明另一个发现。故A选项“他们购买不健康食品的频率减少了40%”符合语境，故选A。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）I remember the day shyness took over my life. I was 14 and having a French lesson. The teacher told us to _21_ ourselves speaking about a holiday. Perfect ! I recorded myself
76、with _22_. Then, I pressed “play” to listen back. All I heard was a little kid talking. My immediate _23_ was to assume I was listening to someone elses recording. But that was my voice. I _24_ there was something strange about myself.My little voice has made me feel really shy. And my _25_ has caus
77、ed me to avoid attending events,_26_ ideas to myself and not to make important connections. As a shy person, I think working from home, hiding behind my computer was _27_. But the more time I spent _28_, the more my comfort zone shrank (缩小). Everyday interactions, like ordering a coffee, became _29_
78、 awkward and uncomfortable.And then, one day I was at a big conference and it suddenly _30_ me like lightning. All speakers were confident, comfortable with being seen. There were no quieter _31_. But the _32_ is, if the loud voices are the only ones you hear, we quiet people feel even more_33_. The
79、 world needs a mixture of _34_. Success is not just about who can shout the loudest. The world needs quieter people, too. That day I chose to stop hiding and _35_ my shyness. No more feeling like I needed to change who I am in order to succeed. No more living a small life.Then I created the Shy and
80、Mighty Society, a _36_ for shy people like me to _37_and _38_ the process of helping others, I could also push myself _39_, bit by bit. Now, Im happy to tell people I feel shy. Im not ashamed any more. And I know that Im not _40_.21. A. absorbB. commitC. recordD. focus22. A. confidenceB. anxietyC. i
81、ntentionD. respect23. A. beliefB. attitudeC. measureD. reaction24. A. arguedB. sensedC. appreciatedD. remarked25. A. embarrassmentB. timidnessC. excitementD. tiredness26. A. keepB. figureC. stickD. limit27. A. importantB. inspiringC. brilliantD. frightening28. A. given awayB. hidden awayC. put awayD
82、. broken away29. A. trulyB. brieflyC. exactlyD. increasingly30. A. litB. fitC. hitD. beat31. A. judgmentsB. voicesC. disagreementsD. responses32. A. contentB. defenceC. issueD. desire33. A. cheerfulB. reliableC. guiltyD. distant34. A. permissionsB. personalitiesC. professionsD. profits35. A. regretB
83、. confirmC. embraceD. determine36. A. statementB. communityC. commentD. destination37. A. shineB. drillC. harvestD. pause38. A. forB. overC. inD. on39. A. inwardB. outwardC. backwardD. forward40. A. mildB. fortunateC. discouragedD. alone【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C
84、 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要记叙了作者因为羞怯总是避免参加各种活动，不与人建立联系，让每天类似点咖啡的互动都变得尴尬和不舒服，到后来作者某一天突然意识到成功并不仅仅是谁的声音更大，世界也需要更安静人。如今，作者在帮助别人的过程中不断进步，不再害怕告诉别人自己害羞，也不再以害羞为耻了。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师让我们在谈论假期时把自己说的话录下来。A. absorb吸收；B. commit承担义务；C. record记录；D. focus集中。根据“ I
85、recorded ”可推知老师让作者他们录下自己是谈论假期的说话声。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀信心地记录了自己的情况。A. confidence自信；B. anxiety焦虑；C. intention目的；D. respect尊重。根据上文“Perfect”可知作者对自己的记录满怀信心。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是以为自己在听别人的录音。A. belief信仰；B. attitude态度；C. measure措施；D. reaction反应。根据后文“I was listening to someone elses recording”
86、可知作者一开始没有听出是自己的声音，所以第一反应是一位自己在听别人的录音。immediate reaction表示“即时反应”。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己有些奇怪。A. argued争论；B. sensed感觉；C. appreciated欣赏；D. remarked评论。根据后文“there was something strange about myself”可知作者感觉自己有些奇怪。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的胆怯使我避免参加活动，把想法藏在心里，也不去建立重要的人际联系。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. timidness羞
87、怯；C. excitement激动；D. tiredness疲惫。根据上文“My little voice has made me feel really shy.”可知作者是个害羞的人，所以总是避免去参加各种活动。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的胆怯使我避免参加活动，把想法藏在心里，也不去建立重要的人际联系。A. keep保持；B. figure计算；C. stick坚持；D. limit限制。根据后文“ideas to myself”可知此处指隐藏自己的想法，keep ideas to oneself“不把想法告诉别人”。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作
88、为一个害羞的人，我认为在家里工作，躲在电脑后面是聪明的。A. important重要的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. brilliant杰出的，聪明的；D. frightening令人恐惧的。结合上文“As shy person, working from home, hiding behind my computer”可知作者作为一个害羞的人，觉得在家工作，躲在电脑后面是一种可以避免与人来往，是聪明的做法。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我越是躲起来，我的舒适区就越缩小。A. given away分发；B. hidden away躲藏；C. put away放好；
89、D. broken away脱离。此处对应上文中“I think working from home, hiding behind”指作者躲避他人。越是躲起来，自己的舒适区就越缩小。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每天的互动，比如点一杯咖啡，变得越来越尴尬和不舒服。A. truly真实地；B. briefly短暂地；C. exactly恰好地；D. increasingly渐增地。结合上文“the more my comfort zone shrank”可知作者越是躲避，和人互动就越来越尴尬和不舒服，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天，我正在参加一个大型会
90、议，突然有个想法像闪电一样击中了我。A. lit点亮；B. fit合适；C. hit打击；D. beat打败。根据后文“like lightning”可知此处表示有个想法像闪电一样击中（hit）了作者。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更安静的声音。A. judgments判断；B. voices声音；C. disagreements不同意；D. responses回应。结合上文“All speakers were confident, comfortable with being seen.”可知到处都是自信的演讲人，没有更安静的声音。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。
91、句意：但问题是，如果你只能听到嘈杂的声音，我们这些安静的人会感觉更加被疏远。A. content内容；B. defence防御；C. issue问题；D. desire渴望。结合后文“if the loud voices are the only ones you hear, we quiet people feel even more”可知后文提出了没有安静声音的问题。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但问题是，如果你只能听到嘈杂的声音，我们这些安静的人会感觉更加被疏远。A. cheerful高兴的；B. reliable可靠的；C. guilty内疚的；D. distant疏
92、远的。世界上只能听到嘈杂的声音，那么自然安静的人会感觉更加被疏远（distant）。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个世界需要不同的个性。A. permissions允许；B. personalities个性；C. professions职业；D. profits收益。根据后文“The world needs quieter people, too.”可知此处想表达世界需要不同个性的人。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我选择不再躲藏，拥抱我的羞怯。A. regret后悔；B. confirm确认；C. embrace拥抱，接纳；D. determine决定。
93、根据上文“That day I chose to stop hiding”可知作者那天选择不再躲藏，拥抱自己的羞怯。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我创建了Shy and Mighty Society，一个让像我一样害羞的人发光的社交圈，在帮助别人的过程中，我也可以推动自己一点一点的前进。A. statement声明；B. community社区，团体；C. comment评论；D. destination目的地。结合后文“for shy people like me”可知Shy and Mighty Society是一个为害羞的人所创立的社交圈。故选B。【37题详解】考查动
94、词词义辨析。句意：然后我创建了Shy and Mighty Society，一个让像我一样害羞的人发光的社交圈，在帮助别人的过程中，我也可以推动自己一点一点的前进。A. shine闪耀；B. drill训练；C. harvest丰收；D. pause暂停。结合上文“a space for shy people like me to可知Shy and Mighty Society”是作者为害羞的人创建的，目的肯定是为了让害羞的人也能在这个空间中发光，闪耀自己的人生光芒。故选A。【38题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：然后我创建了Shy and Mighty Society，一个让像我一样害羞的人发
95、光的社交圈，在帮助别人的过程中，我也可以推动自己一点一点的前进。A. for为了；B. over穿越；C. in在里面；D. on在上面。结合后文“the process of helping others”可知此处指在帮助他人的过程中应用in。故选C。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我创建了Shy and Mighty Society，一个让像我一样害羞的人发光的社交圈，在帮助别人的过程中，我也可以推动自己一点一点的前进。 A. inward向内；B. outward向外；C. backward向后；D. forward向前。结合后文“Now, Im happy to tell p
96、eople I feel shy.”可知作者如今不再害怕告诉别人自己害羞了，说明作者在帮助其他人的过程中，也一点点推动着自己进步，战胜羞怯。短语push forward“推进”。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我并不是一个人。A. mild温和的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. discouraged灰心的；D. alone独自的。根据上文“Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society, a 16 for shy people like me to 17and 18 the process of helping others”可
97、知作者不再害怕告诉别人自己害羞，不再对自己的羞怯感到羞愧了，还建立了Shy and Mighty Society，因为自己并不是一个人。故选D。第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。Will it matter if you dont take your breakfast? A test _41_(give) in the United States in the past year. Those tests involved people _42_ different ages, from 12 to 83.
98、During the experiment, these people were given _43_(various) of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up _44_(see) how well their bodies worked when they had eaten _45_ certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he o
99、r she will work with_46_(good) effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be _47_(especial) true if a person works with his brain. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk _48_ provide enough energies before going to school, he or she will learn more quickly and listen with
100、 more attention to class. Opposite to _49_ many people believe, if you dont eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up _50_(gain) weight instead of losing.【答案】41. has been given 42. of / at 43. varieties 44. t
101、o see 45. a / some 46. better 47. especially 48. which / that 49. what 50. gaining【解析】这是 一篇说明文。文章通过对一个实验测试的结论分析，说明了早餐对人的健康和工作效率的重要性。【41题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的一年里，有人在美国做了一个测试。根据句中时间状语in the past year可知此处应使用现在完成时，主语test和give之间是被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been given。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：参与测试的
102、人来自不同年龄段，从12岁到83岁。people of/at different ages 意思是“不同年龄段的人”。故填at /of。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：实验中，给参与人提供各种各样的早餐。根据句意可知，此处考查短语varieties of “各种各样的”。故填varieties。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们要做这些测试的目的是想看看 某一种类型的早餐对身体是怎么影响的。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to see 表目的。故填to see。【45题详解】考查固定短语、冠词。句意：人们要做这些测试的目的是想看看 某一种类型的早餐对身体是怎么影响的。固定短语a
103、/some certain kind of ,意为“某一种”，故填a/some。【46题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：结果表明，一个早餐吃得好的人的工作效率要比没他（或她）没吃早餐的效率高。此处应用形容词修饰名词effect，根据句中的than可知,应用该形容词的比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：（实验结果）这个现象在一个从事脑力劳动的人身上表现得特别真实。此处应用副词especially修饰形容词true。故填especially。【48题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个学生在上学前如果吃了那些能提供足够能量的食物，比如牛奶、鸡蛋、水果和面
104、包，那么他在学校里会学得更好听课更认真。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰名词 fruit, eggs, bread and milk，且关系词在定语从句中充当主，应用指物的关系代词。故填which/that。【49题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：与许多人相信的观点相反的是：如果你不吃早餐，你反而更容易变胖。介词短语opposite to 后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指“.的事”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。【50题详解】考查动词固定搭配。句意：这是因为人会觉得特别的饥饿，在中午时会吃得更多，结果导致体重增加，而不是减肥。动词固定搭配end up doing意思是“以
105、结束”,故填gaining。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。刪除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。多改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。There are several reasons why school unifo
106、rms are a good idea. First, uniforms help the school looks smart and the students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, somebody has to worry about fashion. Besides, uniforms can be great use in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introdu
107、ced an interesting new uniform, on whose edge there is a piece of cloth given off light in the dark. When the children are walking and cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can see them without difficulty. Therefore, can uniforms help improve school performance? The answer still remains un
108、clearly. One study in America found that students grades improve a bit after the school introduced uniforms. Other studies showed no connect between uniforms and school performance. Although school uniforms are traditional in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. But uniforms ar
109、e still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.【答案】第一处： looks look第二处： somebody nobody第三处： be 后加of第四处：given giving第五处： and or第六处：Therefore However第七处： unclearly unclear第八处：improve improved第九处：connect connection 第十处：去掉but【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了穿校服好处以及关于穿校服是否能提高成绩的
110、研究。【详解】第一处：考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，校服有助于学校看起来很漂亮，学生们觉得自己属于某个特定的群体。help sb (to) do，故looks改为look。第二处：考查不定代词。句意：当学校里的每个学生都穿校服时，没有人担心自己穿得不够时尚。根据句意可知此处表示“没人会担心己穿得不够时尚”，故somebody改为nobody。第三处：考查介词。句意：此外，校服还有很多意想不到的用处。此处使用“be of+抽象名词”结构，相当于该抽象名词同词根的形容词，故be 后加of。第四处：考查非谓语动词。句意：爱尔兰的一所学校推出了一种有趣的新校服，校服边缘有一块布能在黑暗中发光。分析可知此
111、处使用非谓语动词修饰cloth，cloth与give之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故given改为giving。第五处：考查连词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑自行车上学时，汽车驾驶员可以毫不费力地看到他们。根据句意可知walking 和cycling之间是选择关系，故and改为or。第六处：考查副词。句意：然而，校服有助于改善学校表现吗？答案仍然不清楚。根据句意可知前后是转折而非因果关系，故Therefore改为However。第七处：考查形容词。句意同上。作系动词remain的表语用形容词，故unclearly改为unclear。第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：
112、美国的一项研究发现，学校规定学生穿校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，students grades与improve之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补，故improve改为improved。第九处：考查名词。句意：其他研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。作动词show的宾语用名词，表示抽象意义，不可数，故connect改为connection。 第十处：考查连词。句意：虽然穿校服在英国是传统的做法，但有些学校已经开始废除校服。前面已经有了Although，后面不能再用but，故去掉but。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52. 感恩节即将来临, 假如你
113、是李华, 请你给最想感恩的人写封信表达谢意，内容包括：1. 表示感激；2. 说明理由；3. 表达祝愿。注意：1. 词数100字左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。Dear ,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim，With Thanksgiving Day approaching, Im exceedingly delighted to show my gratitude to you, who have helped me a lot during my senior high school life.When I entered the senior h
114、igh, I was at a loss what the future life would be like. It was you who came to my aid and was willing to make friends with me. Since then, a close friendship has grown between us. You are the one who brings out the best in me. During your spare time, you often spent so much time in helping me with
115、my oral English that I made rapid progress. Without your help, I couldnt have won the first prize in the English Speaking Competition last week. In addition, you always stand by me whatever happens. With you, I feel free to share any joy and sadness in full measure.I strongly hope that our friendshi
116、p will grow stronger and stronger and I will always treasure these moments of closeness.Yours truly，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在感恩节来临之际，写一封感谢信给最想感恩的人表达谢意。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时,少量现在完成进行时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 表示感谢；2. 说明理由;3. 表达祝愿。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be delight
117、ed to; show ones gratitude to sb; at a loss; come to ones aid; be willing to do; make friends with sb; bring out; spend time (in) doing sth; make rapid progress; win the prize in; stand by sb; feel free to do; in full measure; grow stronger and stronger第三步：连词成句1. With Thanksgiving Day approaching, I
118、m exceedingly delighted to show my gratitude to you, who have helped me a lot during my senior high school life.2. When I entered the senior high, I was at a loss what the future life would be like.3. It was you who came to my aid and was willing to make friends with me.4. You are the one who brings
119、 out the best in me.5. During your spare time, you often spent so much time in helping me with my oral English that I made rapid progress.6.You always stand by me whatever happens. 7. With you, I feel free to share any joy and sadness in full measure.8. I strongly hope that our friendship will grow
120、stronger and stronger and I will always treasure these moments of closeness.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表并列补充关系： In addition，and表转折对比关系： sothat 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 With Thanksgiving Day approaching, Im exceedingly delighted to show my gratitude to you, who h
121、ave helped me a lot during my senior high school life.（随着感恩节的临近，我非常高兴向你表达我的感激之情，在我的高中生活中，你给了我很多帮助。）运用了非限制性定语从句。高分句型2Having spent so much time in helping me with my oral English during your spare time made my oral English improved at an amazing speed.(在你的业余时间里，你花了这么多时间来帮助我提高英语口语，使我的英语口语提高了惊人的速度。)运用了非谓语动词。