1、标题：voa慢速英语讲解附字幕:美国学校全国标准获支持对应音频：0722a.mp3听力内容：National Standards for US Schools Gain SupportThis is the VOA Special English Education Report.Americans have never had national education standards. Goals for what public schools should teach are set by state and local school boards. Their members are o
2、ften elected.But some Americans say the lack of national standards is wrong in a competitive global economy. Former president Bill Clinton said it was as if somehow school boards could legislate differences in algebra or math or reading.President George W. Bush and Congress expanded federal interven
3、tion. His education law, still in effect, required states to show yearly progress in student learning as measured by the states own tests.Now, the Obama administration supports what are known as the Common Core State Standards. These were developed in a year-long process led by state governors and c
4、hief state school officers. Texas and Alaska were the only states not to take part.The standards are in two subject areas, English-language arts and mathematics. They establish goals for each year from kindergarten through grade twelve. The aim is for students to finish high school fully prepared fo
5、r college and careers.The developers considered standards in other countries, along with almost one hundred thousand public comments.One way the Education Department is trying to persuade states is with money. States are competing to share in almost three and a half billion dollars as part of a scho
6、ol reform competition. They will earn extra points in the Race to the Top if they approve the standards by August second.States are trying to recover from the recession. There are concerns that some could accept the standards and then lack the money to follow them.The final standards were released J
7、une second. A new report say about half the states have approved them already.The Thomas B. Fordham Institute is an education group in Washington. It says the standards are clearer and stronger than those used in three-fourths of the states. But the comparison also found that existing English standa
8、rds are clearly stronger in California, Indiana and the District of Columbia.States that approve the new standards have a right to add up to fifteen percent of their own.In California, the State Board of Education plans to vote on August second to accept or reject a new set of standards. These are b
9、ased largely on the common core, but also existing California standards.And thats the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Avi Arditti. Im Bob Doughty.这里是VOA特别英语教育报道。美国从未设立过全国教育标准。一般由州政府和当地学校委员会设立公立学校的教育目标。学校委员会的成员一般由选举产生。但是一些美国人表示，在充满竞争的全球经济中，缺乏全国标准是错误的。前总统比尔·克林顿表示，就好像“学校委员会在代数，数
10、学和阅读方面的立法会有所不同”。乔治·W·布什和国会加强了联邦政府干预。他制定的教育法要求州政府每年通过各州自己的测试来表明学生的学习取得了进展。该法律目前仍然有效。现在，奥巴马政府支持共同核心州标准。这些标准由各州州长和主要的州学校官员历经一年的时间制定。德克萨斯州和阿拉斯加州是唯一没有加入该计划的两个州。该标准在两个学科领域执行，英语语言文科和数学。从幼儿园到十二年级每年都设定了相关标准。目的是让学生毕业时为升入大学或就业做好充分的准备。制定计划者考虑了其他国家的标准，以及大约10万份公众评论。教育部试图说服州政府的其中一个方法就是资金。作为学校改革竞争的一部分
11、，各州将竞争分享接近35亿美元的资金。如果他们在8月2日之前通过该标准，这将为冲顶计划(Race to the Top)额外加分。各州正在努力从经济衰退中复苏。有人担忧，一些州会接受标准，但是却没有足够资金来执行标准。最终的标准于6月2日发行。一份新的报告称已有大约一半的州通过了该标准。福特汉姆研究所(Thomas B. Fordham Institute)是位于华盛顿的一家教育组织。该组织表示，这些标准比四分之三的州实行的标准更加明确，更加有力。但是对比还发现，加利福尼亚，印第安纳和哥伦比亚地区现行的英语标准“更加有力”。通过了新的标准的州政府有权加入自己15%的标准。在加利福尼亚，州教育委
12、员会计划在8月2日投票，以决定接受还是拒绝一套新的标准。这些标准大部分基于共同核心，但是同时也以现存的加利福尼亚标准为基准。petitive adj.竞争的, 比赛的例句：Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商业是要竞争的。(价格等)有竞争力的例句：Because of the high exchange rate, our products have lost their competitive edge.由于汇率很高, 我们的产品失去了竞争优势。2.somehow adv.以某种方式, 用某种方法例句：We must get the work
13、finished somehow by tomorrow morning.我们必须设法在明天早上以前把工作做完。由于某种未知的原因；不知为什么；不知怎么地例句：Somehow we lost our way.不知怎么地我们迷了路。3.legislate vt.vi.立法;制定法律例句：Congress has legislated a new minimum wage for workers.国会制定了一项新的关于工人最低工资的法律。4.expand vt.vi.使…变大, 扩大, 扩张, 增强（尺码、数量或重要性）例句：The ranks of the teachers are
14、 constantly expanding.教师队伍日益扩大了。5.intervention n.介入, 干涉, 干预例句：The governments intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。parison n.比较, 对照例句：My garden doesnt stand comparison with his.我的花园无法和他的相比。7.largely adv.在很大程度上, 大半地, 主要地例句：This country is largely desert.这个国家大半都是沙漠。1.President Ge
15、orge W. Bush and Congress expanded federal intervention. His education law, still in effect, required states to show yearly progress in student learning as measured by the states own tests.in effect(法律或规则)在实施中; 有效例句：The rule is still in effect.本规则仍然有效。2.Former president Bill Clinton said it was as i
16、f somehow school boards could legislate differences in algebra or math or reading.as if好像, 似乎, 仿佛例句：Why doesnt she buy me a drink?It isnt as if she had no money!她为什么不给我买一点饮料?好像她没钱似的!3.Texas and Alaska were the only states not to take part.not to take part不定式做后置定语(一)不定式常可用来修饰物，表示要做某事。如：The next train
17、 to arrive was from NewYork.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。I have nothing to say on this question.在这个问题上，我没有什么话要说。We are looking for somewhere to live.我们正在找一个地方住。(二)不定式还可用来修饰人。如：He was the first guest to arrive.他是第一个到达的客人。Miss Brown was the next person to rise to speak.布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人。He was a brave man to do what
18、he did.他是个勇者才有这样的行为。(三)很多特定的名词后也可用不定式做定语，这样的名词常用的有：way，time，reason，chance，opportunity，need，wish，effort，right，ambition等。如：Its time for you to get up and go to school.你该起床去上学了。There is no reason to doubt his word.没有理由怀疑他的话。They have now an opportunity to go abroad to study further.他们现在有机会出国深造。(四)某些动词或
19、形容词后可接不定式时，它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。如：He made an attempt to learn English well.他试图学好英语。(attempt to do sth)His ability to get on with people is his chief advantage.他能和人相处是他的主要优势。(be able to do sth)I dont trust his promise to come for a visit.我不相信他来访的诺言。(promise to do sth)Her anxiety to succeed led her to wo
20、rk hard.她迫切想成功，这促使她努力工作。(be anxious to do sth)4.The developers considered standards in other countries, along with almost one hundred thousand public comments.along with除.以外(还)，和.一起一道, 随着例句：Tobacco is taxed in most countries, along with alcohol.除酒以外, 烟草在多数国家都要征税。The old man hobble along with the aid of his stick.那老人借助手杖蹒跚而行。
