1、二0 二0学年 第 一 学 期期末高二英语试题第卷第一部分 听力部分 （满分30分）第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.15. C. 9.18.答案是B.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man do?A. An artist.B. A cleaner.C. A house painter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:
2、 If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house next Monday.W: Well, right now I think I want white for the door and light green for the wall, but I havent decided yet.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the boy go to bed?A. At 9:40.B. At 10:10.C. At 9:50.【答案】B【解析】
3、【原文】W: Go to bed, Tom. Its already twenty to ten.M: Aw, Mum, just a few minutes. Im watching this TV program. Itll be over soon and Ill be in bed in 30 minutes.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the boys new history teacher look like?A. She has red hair.B. She is quite short.C. She is tall.【答案】C【解析】【原文】
4、M: Oh look! Thats my history teacher over there.W: The one with yellow hair? You always told me your teacher was a short woman with red hair.M: That was the teacher I had before. My new history teacher is tall and wears cool glasses.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man refuse the woman?A. Hell use
5、his car.B. His car just broke down.C. She cant drive.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Would you mind if I borrowed your car just over the weekend？M: Im sorry, but its just not possible, because Im going to the countryside this weekend.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where is the No.1 Hospital?A. On Zhongshan Street.B. Across f
6、rom a bank.C. At the end of 5th Street.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me, officer. How do I get to the NO.1 Hospital?M: Cross Zhongshan Street and turn left. Go on one block on 5th Street and youll see the building opposite a bank.第二节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
7、每小题5秒钟，听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. From whom did the woman know the man likes watching movies?A. The mans brother.B. The mans sister.C. The mans wife.7. What will the man do this weekend?A. Go to the movies.B. Visit his brother.C. Listen to classical music.【答
8、案】6. B 7. A【解析】【原文】W: I heard your sister saying that you and your wife like watching movies. Would you like to see one this weekend?M: Yes, I was thinking of checking out the Saturday movies. They are playing Gone with the Wind there this weekend. You see, I am a real big fan of classical movies.W:
9、 Oh, thats perfect. I got these two free tickets that you can use at that theater. My brother gave them to me.M: Really? Thats very nice of you.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What are the speakers doing?A. Having a class.B. Having a test.C. Going over their lessons.9. Where is Queensland?A. I
10、n Canada.B. In Australia.C. In Britain.【答案】8. C 9. B【解析】【原文】W: Lets review for our test. We have to be quick. Its already 8 oclock. Class starts in 15 minutes.M: Sssh. We have to talk quietly. Other people are trying to study. How many units do we have to go over?W: Hmm. Let me see. Just three units
11、. Lets ask each other questions. Heres the first one. Wheres Queensland?M: Umm. Britain?W: Queenslands not in Britain!M: I know I was just joking. Its in Canada.W: No, its in Australia!M: Oh, yes. Youre right.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. How does the woman feel at first?A. Tired.B. Excited
12、.C. Unhappy.11. What does the man say about the woman?A. She should lose weight.B. Her clothes are nice.C. Her hair is in a mess.12. What will the woman probably do next?A. Buy a dress.B. Wear jeans to the party.C. Have a talk with her mum.【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A【解析】【原文】M: So, Amy, have you made up yo
13、ur mind yet?W: No, its really hard for me. I want to wear something nice to the party this evening, but nothing ever looks good on me. Im too fat; my hairs in a terrible mess and my clothes are too boring! M: Come on! Youre not fat at all and theres nothing wrong with your hair. Your clothes are alw
14、ays nice. Why dont you buy that red dress you just tried on?W: I dont know. My mum thinks Im too young to wear clothes like that.M: Oh, Amy. Is your mum here?W: Er no. Maybe youre right. Im sick of wearing jeans all the time.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What does the man plan to do this su
15、mmer?A. Sit about at home.B. Take some interviews.C. Take a job.14. What is Alice related to the woman?A. Her sister.B. Her cousin.C. Her neighbor.15. What did Alice have to do for the Browns?A. Look after the children.B. Take care of the pets.C. Grow plants around the house.16. What did the woman d
16、o this morning?A. She rang the Student Employment Office.B. She had fun with a group of friends.C. She attended an interview.【答案】13. C 14. B 15. B 16. A【解析】【原文】M: I dont really know what to do this summer. I cant afford to just sit around, but its not easy to find a suitable job.W: Why dont you try
17、house-sitting? Last summer my cousin Alice house-sat for the Browns when they went away on vacation.M: House-sitting? What did she do?W: Mr. Brown hired Alice to stay in their house because he didnt want it left empty.M: You mean the Browns paid Alice just to live in their house?W: It wasnt that eas
18、y. She had to water the houseplant and take care of the pets.M: House-sitting sounds like a good job. I guess its a little like baby-sitting-except that you are taking care of a house instead of kids.W: Thats it! The Student Employment Office still has two such jobs posted. I called about it this mo
19、rning.M: Do I just have to fill out an application form?W: You also have to interview with the house owners and they want to make sure that you wont move groups of friends in with you.M: Ok. I got it.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. How did the speaker get the information?A. From the newspaper.B
20、. From car makers.C. Over the radio.18. How many cars will be on the roads by 2025?A. 140 million.B. 516 million.C. 560 million.19. What is a major problem caused by cars?A. The air pollution.B. The road accidents.C. The increasing cost.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. Major road acci
21、dents in the country.B. Problems cars have brought to the country.C. The balance between car buyers and car makers.【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】W: Hello, everyone. Im Shirley Johnson. Do you want to know what problems cars have brought to our country? Listen to this newspaper report Ive found.
22、 It says there are more cars on our roads now than at any other time in history. There are millions of possible car buyers here, and car makers are busy making cars for them. However, there are fewer buyers now than in the last few years, and prices are lower. By the year 2025, there will be 560 mil
23、lion cars blocking our roads. Thats almost four times the number of cars on our roads now.The effect of all these cars will be air pollution, which is already a major problem, especially in some of our big cities. There are more road accidents in our city than in other cities. The traffic is not mov
24、ing now and will only get worse in the future.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节：（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。AEarthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earths plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, whi
25、ch are called fault lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, the plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake.Generally, before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earth
26、quakes. The ones that happen before are called foreshocks. The ones that happen after are called aftershocks.Scientists dont really know if an earthquake is a foreshock until the bigger earthquake occurs.Shock waves from an earthquake that travel through the ground are called seismic waves (地震波). Th
27、ey are most powerful at the center of the earthquake, but they travel through much of the earth and back to the surface. They move quickly at 20 times the speed of sound.Scientists use seismic waves to measure how big an earthquake is. They use a device called a seismograph to measure the size of th
28、e waves. The size of the waves is called the magnitude.To tell the strength of an earthquake scientists use a scale called the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS (it used to be called the Richter scale).The larger the number on the MMS scale, the larger the earthquake.You usually wont even notice an eart
29、hquake unless it measures at least a 3 on the MMS scale. Here are some examples of what may happendepending on the scale:4.0Could shake your houseas if a large truck were passing close by. Some people may not notice.5.0If you are in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may bre
30、ak.6.0Items willfall offshelves. Walls in some houses may crack and windows break. Pretty much everyone near the center will feel this one.7.0Weaker buildings will collapse and cracks will occur in bridges and on the street.8.0Many buildings and bridges fall down. Large cracks in the earth.9.0 and u
31、pWhole cities flattened and large-scale damage.21. If a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit your area, what might happen?A. Your house might shake violently.B. People might feel no shaking at all.C. The family photo may fall off the wall.D. There might be cracks everywhere on the street.22 The writer expla
32、ins the concepts concerning the earthquake by _.A. listing examplesB. giving an explanationC. making a comparisonD. offering data23. The passage is written mainly to _.A. enrich peoples knowledge of self-protection in disastersB. stress the importance of earthquake rescueC. issue early warnings befo
33、re an earthquakeD. present facts about the earthquake【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了有关地震的科学知识，产生原因以及各不同震级可能造成的影响。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“5.0If you are in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break. (5.0如果你在车里，它可能会摇晃。玻璃杯和盘子可能会发出嘎嘎声。窗户可能会碎。)”可以推知，发生了5级地震时，家庭照片可能会从墙上掉
34、下来。故选C项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Earthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earths plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the e
35、dges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, the plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake. (地震通常发生在地球板块的大部分边缘。这些板块在很长一段时间内缓慢移动。有时边缘，也就是断层线，会被卡住，但板块会继续移动。在边缘卡住的地方，压力慢慢开始积累，一旦压力足够大，这些板块就会突然移动，引发地震。)”可知，作者通过给出解释原理的方式来说明了地震的概念。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Earthquakes usually happen o
36、n the edges of large sections of the Earths plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enoug
37、h, the plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake. (地震通常发生在地球板块的大部分边缘。这些板块在很长一段时间内缓慢移动。有时边缘，也就是断层线，会被卡住，但板块会继续移动。在边缘卡住的地方，压力慢慢开始积累，一旦压力足够大，这些板块就会突然移动，引发地震。)”等内容可知，本文主要陈述了关于地震的事实。故选D项。BVietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural
38、 departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.Vietnam now has more than 40,000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative
39、influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics soul: “We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replace
40、d so that it looks exactly like the original.”Most relics have to rely on tourist fee for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center, Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservatio
41、n: “We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surroundings of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value.”The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to t
42、he community forshared effortsin the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum DangQuoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, “The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the pre
43、servation of relics, especially festival related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government.”Nguyen ThiMinh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: “This will ensure the protection of cultural relics
44、 in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous values.”Experts havecalled for a systematic (系统的) guidanceby the state in local level preservation whilepromoting creative thinkingin restoration for each relic.24. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A governmen
45、t report.B. A history research paper.C. A newspaper report.D. A travel guide.25. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the damaged relics in Vietnam?A. Human activities.B. Poor building materials.C. War influence.D. The passing of time.26. It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preser
46、ve relics, the government should _.A. turn to the UNESCO for financial helpB. care less about the natural environment of the relicsC. encourage the community to join in the rescue workD make full use of the money raised by the local people27. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Guide the
47、 Community in Proper BehaviorsB. Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In RuinsC. Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve RelicsD. Lets Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述越南文化部门和活动人士试图保护该国的历史和文化遗产，一些专家还呼吁国家对地方文物保护进行系统指导。【24题详解】推理判断题。根
48、据第一段“Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country. （越南的目标是解决经济发展和文化保护之间的关系。越南文化部门和活动人士试图保护该国的历史和文化遗产。）”以及下文可知本文主要讲述越南文化部门和活动人士试图保护该国的历
49、史和文化遗产，可知一般会来自新闻报道，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities.（然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到了严重的破坏。）”由此可知，劣质建筑材料不是越南文物受损的原因，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“The local government agreed that the relics must be turned
50、to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum DangQuoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection,（当地政府同意将文物交由社区共同保护。越南革命博物馆馆长DangQuoc Quan说，在保护和保护文物方面必须引导社区）”和第六段“Nguyen ThiMinh Ly from the Department of Heri
51、tage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: “This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous values.”（来自遗产部的Nguyen ThiMinh Ly说，社区应该被引导正确对待文物：“这将确保文物在后代中得到保护。创造性的修复必须基于以前的价值观。” ）” 都有描述社区要在文物保
52、护中起到作用，故推断政府鼓励社区参与文物保护和救援工作，故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country. （越南的目标是解决经济发展和文化保护之间的关系。越南文化部门和活动人士试图
53、保护该国的历史和文化遗产。）”和最后一段“Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic. （专家们呼吁国家对地方文物保护进行系统指导，同时在修复每一处文物时提倡创造性思维。）”可知本文主要内容是越南文化部门和活动人士试图保护该国的历史和文化遗产，一些专家还呼吁国家对地方文物保护进行系统指导。C选项“专家呼吁有系统地保护文物”符合文
54、章主题，适合做标题，故选C。CToday tropical rainforests are disappearing from the face of the globe. Despite growing international concern, rainforests continue to be destroyed at a pace over 80,000 acres per day. World rainforest cover now stands at around 2.5 million square miles. Human activities have had an e
55、ffect on much of this remaining area.Deforestation of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction, the loss of important ecosystem services and renewable resources, and the reduction of carbon sinks. However, this destruction can be slowed, stopped, and in some cases even rev
56、ersed. Most people agree that the problem must be solved, but the means are not as simple as building fences around the remaining rainforests or banning the wood trade. Economic, political, and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from us
57、e and development.So, what should be done? The solution must be based on what is practical, not completely idealistic and depends on developing a conservation approach built on the principle of sustainable use and development of rainforests. Beyond the responsible development of rainforests, efforts
58、 to restore damaged forest lands along with the establishment of protected areas are key to securing rainforests for the long-term benefits they can provide for mankind.Historic approaches to rainforest conservation have failed, as shown by the increased rate of deforestation. In many regions, closi
59、ng off forests as untouchable parks and reserves has neither improved the quality of living or economic opportunities for the rural poor, nor stopped forest clearing by illegal woodcutters and developers.The problem with this traditional approach to preserving wildlands in developing countries is th
60、at it fails to develop proper economic motives for preserving the forest. Local people and the government itself must see financial returns to prove the costs of maintain parks from economic activities.28. What has caused some species extinction in the tropical rainforests?A. Humans destroying the t
61、rees.B. Carbon sinks being reduced.C. Lacking renewable resources.D. Fences not being built around the rainforests.29. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Tropical rainforests can be easily preserved.B Rainforests must be closed off to be better protected.C. Human activities have had an effect
62、on tropical rainforests.D Economic returns can make some difference in protecting tropical rainforests.30. What is the authors attitude to tropical rainforest protection?A. Indifferent.B. Concerned.C. Doubtful.D. Puzzled.【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于人类活动，热带雨林正在从地球上消失，文章指出要解决这一问题所存在的
63、挑战以及方法。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Human activities have had an effect on much of this remaining area.(人类活动已经对这片剩余地区产生了影响)”以及第二段中“Deforestation of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction, the loss of important ecosystem services and renewable resources, and the reduction of carbo
64、n sinks.(热带雨林的砍伐造成物种灭绝、重要生态系统服务和可再生资源的损失以及碳汇的减少，从而对全球产生影响)”可知，人类破坏树木导致了一些物种在热带雨林中的灭绝。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The problem with this traditional approach to preserving wildlands in developing countries is that it fails to develop proper economic motives for preserving the forest. Local people and the
65、government itself must see financial returns to prove the costs of maintain parks from economic activities.(这种保护发展中国家荒地的传统方法的问题在于，它未能为保护森林发展出适当的经济动机。当地居民和政府本身必须看到经济回报，以证明从经济活动中维护公园的成本)”可推知，经济回报可以在保护热带雨林方面有所影响。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Today tropical rainforests are disappearing from the face of the glo
66、be. Despite growing international concern, rainforests continue to be destroyed at a pace over 80,000 acres per day. World rainforest cover now stands at around 2.5 million square miles. Human activities have had an effect on much of this remaining area.(今天，热带雨林正在从地球上消失。尽管国际上越来越关注，热带雨林仍在以每天超过8万英亩的速度
67、被破坏。 世界雨林覆盖面积现在约为250万平方英里。人类活动已经对这片剩余地区产生了影响)”结合文章主要说明了由于人类活动，热带雨林正在从地球上消失，文章指出要解决这一问题所存在的挑战以及方法。可推知，作者对热带雨林保护持关心态度。故选B。第二节：（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。In a world surrounded by bad news, it may feel like an unhappy place sometimes._31_ If you make even one person smil
68、e today, you can help make this world a better place. Here is list of ideas to help you._32_In this day and age where everything is sent via the Internet, its a shock to receive a letter through the post. Putting pen to paper and writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to make a positive
69、impact.Requiring some time and research to find the perfect project, volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take dogs from shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you are giving up your time to help someone else is incredible. There
70、are so many opportunities._33_Tell someone I love you. It can be anyone. _34_Perhaps you can tell a friend that you appreciate all they are to you, or remind your mum that its her birthday. Sometimes, in our busy lives we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us._35_Whether youre
71、creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them. Even if you think youre not creative, the recipient will feel lucky to get such a unique gift that you put your precious time into. Some ideas could include a card, painting, drawing, song, poem or ca
72、ke!A. However, you can make a difference.B. Its a surprise to send a handwritten letter.C. And you dont even have to say I love youD. So you are sure to find one that is right for you.E. And it doesnt necessarily have to take up all your life.F. Making something for a special person is always unique
73、.G. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really make someones day.【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。在一个被坏消息包围的世界里，有时可能感觉这个世界像一个不快乐的地方。而你就可以做出改变。本文向大家介绍了几种帮助你让别人快乐的方法。【31题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。第一句In a world surrounded by bad news, it may feel like an unhappy place sometimes.（在
74、一个被坏消息包围的世界里，有时可能感觉这个世界像一个不快乐的地方。）呈现了消极的一面，而后句If you make even one person smile today, you can help make this world a better place.（如果你今天让一个人微笑，那么你就可以让这个世界变成一个更好的地方）则开始转入话题，因此题空处应该是转折并引出话题。因此A项切题。故选A。【32题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句中its a shock to receive a letter through the post.（在当今社会从邮局收到一封信会使人很震惊。）可得知，
75、本段主题是邮寄手写信。因此B项切题。故选B。【33题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上句提到有很多做志愿者的机会，那么你一定会找到适合你的。因此D项切题。故选D。【34题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段的中心是Tell someone I love you.（告诉某个人“我爱你”），只有C项And you dont even have to say I love you（甚至你没必要说“我爱你”）符合语境。故选C。【35题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本题考查的是主题句。本段第二句深入解释了本段的主题。根据Whether youre creative or not, taki
76、ng time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them.（无论你是否有创意，花点时间为某个人做些小东西，来表示你对他的感激。）可知，本段主要介绍的是为他人做些东西。故选F。【点睛】段落主题句的选取本文小题5考查对段落的中心思想的归纳能力。本段第二句深入解释本段的主题句。根据Whether youre creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them.
77、（无论你是否有创意，花点时间为某个人做些小东西，来表示你对他的感激。）因此可知本段主要介绍的是为他人做些东西。对主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)进行概括要注意以下内容：一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释，
78、说明，论证或扩展。第三部分 语言应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her front yard. Her dad had planted it for her _36_ it was nothing more than a little branch and several years later it started to _37_towards the sky
79、 at an amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling shade in the _38_ and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow _39_ the trees branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the _40_. It was so sad seeing half o
80、f it _41_ on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the _42_ tree would have to be cut down. _43_ she had saved a few seedlings from it that she hoped to _44_ in the future. Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the o
81、ther day and see _45_ but a stump (树桩) in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its branches, its leaves _46_ in the afternoon sun. I missed seeing its limbs reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad _47_ of its loss for a long time to come. My wonderful neighbor, _48
82、_, had another plan. When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having its_49_.It was such an affirmation (肯定) of _50_. It was such a joy to see. I could feel my heart _51_.Life by its very nature is a _52_ bag. It hands us both beauty and t
83、ragedy, love and loss, _53_ and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it _54_ us in two, or we can use even its hardest times to make our _55_ stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.36. A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. because3
84、7. A. circulateB. shootC. windD. stand38. A. summerB. springC. fallD. winter39. A. take placeB. fell onC. get throughD. broke down40. A. topB. rootC. bottomD. middle41. A. dancingB. lyingC. tremblingD. spreading42. A. abnormalB. bareC. entireD. hopeless43. A. ThankfullyB. ConsequentlyC. EventuallyD.
85、 Accidentally44. A. replaceB. renewC. removeD. replant45. A. everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anything46. A. fallingB. shiningC. floatingD. shaking47. A. reminderB. expectationC. storyD. view48. A. thereforeB. thoughC. stillD. otherwise49. A. restB. babyC. dinnerD. date50. A. timeB. natureC. effor
86、tD. life51. A. beatB. hurtC. smileD. sink52. A. changeableB. stableC. separatedD. mixed53. A. pleasureB. wealthC. sorrowD. wonder54. A. attachB. pullC. benefitD. split55. A. connectionsB. soulsC. bodiesD. families【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C
87、 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者很喜欢邻居家的一棵树，但是很不幸，这棵树在一场暴雪中被严重损害，邻居不得已只有把它砍掉，为此作者感到惋惜和怀念。可当邻居在树桩上安装喂鸟器引来鸟儿时，作者看到了生命的迹象。因此他恍然大悟，原来生命是一个混合体，给我们带来不同的体验。面对生命不好的一面时，我们可以选择被击败，也可以选择变得更强大。【36题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：她的爸爸为她种下了这棵树，那时这棵树还不过是个小树枝，几年后，它以令人震惊的速度向着天空猛长。A. unless除非；B. until直到；C.when当时
88、 ；D. because因为。结合句意可知，此处是指树被种下时还很小，故用“当时”符合语境，故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她爸爸给她种下的时候，它不过是一根小树枝，几年后它开始以惊人的速度向天空抽芽。A. circulate循环；B. shoot射击，抽芽；C. wind缠绕；D. stand站立。结合上文种下小树可知，几年后小树开始抽芽，shoot在此处理解为“抽芽”。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，它就给她带来了夏天凉爽的树荫和秋天金灿灿的叶子。A. summer夏天；B. spring春天；C. fall秋天；D. winter冬天。结合后文“go
89、lden leaves in the fall”以及“cooling shade”可推知，此处指在夏天带来凉爽的树荫。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当长达两天的暴雪袭击我们小镇时，大雪落到长满叶子的枝桠上。A. take place发生；B. fell on落在上；C. get through完成，度过；D. broke down坏掉，故障。结合常识，此处用“大雪落到枝桠上”符合逻辑，故选B项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：雪的重量把这棵树拦腰压断。A. top顶部；B. root根；C. bottom底部；D. middle中部。根据下文的“It was so sad
90、 seeing half of it _6_ on the ground after the storm.”可知，树的一半在地上，故推测树是被拦腰折断的，故选D项。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴雪之后看到树的一半躺在地上让人觉得很伤心。A. dancing跳舞；B.lying躺 ；C. trembling颤抖；D. spreading传播，伸展。结合上下文可知，此处是用拟人的手法来表达树倒在地上，故选B项。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，当我和邻居交谈时，她说树被毁的很严重，还说整棵树都不得不被砍掉。A. abnormal不正常的；B. bare秃的；C. entire
91、整个的；D. hopeless无助的。根据下文的but a stump (树桩) in her front yard.可知，作者路过时只看到了一个树桩，故此处用“整棵树都要被砍掉”符合语境，故选C项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸亏，她留了些树的种子，她希望将来可以再种这样的树。A. Thankfully幸亏，感激的；B. Consequently因此；C. Eventually终于；D. Accidentally偶然地。根据上文的“It was so sad seeing half of it _6_ on the ground after the storm.”可知，作者对这棵树
92、被毁感到很惋惜，故此 处用“幸亏”可以表达作者听说邻居留有树种时的心情，故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. replace代替；B. renew更新；C. remove移除；D. replant再种。结合上下文可判断，邻居留下树种的目的就是为了再种这样的树，故选D项。【45题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，几天前我开车路过她家，看到只有一个树桩的前院时感到很震惊。A. everything每件事/物；B. something某事/物；C. nothing没有事/物；D. anything任何事/物。结合上下文可知，此处要表达树被砍之后院子里空荡荡的景象，nothi
93、ng but意为“只有”，符合语境，故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念它的树枝，想念它在午后阳光里闪闪发光的叶子。A. falling落；B.shining闪光；C. floating漂浮；D. shaking摆动。联系上下文可知，作者喜欢并想念这棵树，所以此处应该描写树的美好，用“午后阳光里闪闪发光的叶子”可表达此意，故选B项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想在未来的很长一段时间里树桩都将是一个悲伤的提醒，提醒它的消失。A. reminder提醒，暗示；B. expectation期待；C. story故事；D. view观点。此处是指作者一看到树桩就会想到树被
94、暴雪毁掉的事情，用“提醒”符合语境，故选A项。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的好邻居有了另外一个计划。A. therefore因此；B. though然而；C. still仍然；D. otherwise否则。结合上下文可知，之前邻居准备重新种树，后来却在树桩上安装了喂鸟装置，所以此处用“然而”符合语境，故选B项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我开车路过她家时看到树桩上有个小型的喂鸟器，一只彩色的鸣鸟正在吃食。A. rest休息；B. baby婴儿；C. dinner正餐；D.date日期。结合前文的“bird feeder sitting”可知，此处用“吃食”符合语
95、境，故选C项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对生命的一种肯定。A. time时间life生命，生活；B. nature自然；C. effort努力；D. life生命。结合上文树桩上的鸟类喂食器给鸟儿提供食物，这种行为是一种对生命的肯定，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感受到我的心在微笑。A. beat跳动；B. hurt伤害；C.smile微笑；D. sink下沉。根据前文的“It was such a joy to _15_.”可知，作者看到这种景象很高兴，故此处用“微笑”符合语境，故选C项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生命本身
96、就是一个混合的袋子。A.changeable有挑战的；B. stable稳定的；C. separated隔离的；D. mixed混合的。根据下文的“It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss”可知，我们的生命中既有美好也有悲剧，既有爱也有失去，故此处用“混合的”符合语境，故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我们美好和悲剧，爱和失去，快乐和痛苦。A.pleasure快乐 ；B. wealth财富；C.sorrow悲伤；D. wonder奇迹。根据前文的“beauty and tragedy, love and loss”
97、可知，此处用“快乐”符合语境，故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以让它把我们撕成两块，我们甚至可以利用最难的时刻来让我们的灵魂更坚强，让我们的心更有爱。A.attach贴上，系上. ；B. pull拉；C. benefit对有益；D. spilt撕，扯。结合前文的“The weight split that lovely tree down the”可知，此处用 “撕/扯”符合语境，split是原词复现，故选D项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. connections联系；B. souls灵魂；C. bodies身体；D. families家庭。结合下文的“
98、our hearts more loving.”可知，这句是谈论精神层面的收获，故用“灵魂”符合语境和逻辑，故选B项。【点睛】第II卷第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, food is usually eaten with_56_(chopstick).Chopsticks are us
99、ually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also_57_ (make) of plastic or mental. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic._58_(true) elegant chopsticks might be with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods_59_metal to create special designs.Five thousand years
100、ago, Chinese people probably cooked their food in large pots,_60_(use) branches to remove it. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with branches _61_gradually turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived _62_551 to 479 BC, influenced the _63_(dev
101、elop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _64_(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, most people traditionally eat _65_their hands.【答案】56. chopsticks 57. be made 58. Truly 59. with/and 60. using 61. that/wh
102、ich 62. from 63. development 64. were 65. with【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了筷子演变历史以及在亚洲各国的使用情况。【56题详解】考查名词。句意：在亚洲，特别是所谓的“饭碗”文化的中国，日本，韩国和越南，食物通常是用筷子吃。提示词chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”；因为筷子是成双成对出现的事物，所以此处应用复数形式表示；chopstick的复数形式是chopsticks。故填chopsticks。【57题详解】考查被动语态。句意：它们也可以由塑料或金属制成。提示词make是动词，意为“制作”；分析句子成分可知，They作主语，提示
103、词作谓语动词；根据句意可知，此处意为“被制作”，即make与其逻辑主语They之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态；因为提示词前有情态动词can，情态动词后的被动语态结构为be+过去分词；make的过去分词是made。故填be made。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是装饰有汉字的筷子。提示词true是形容词，意为“真正的”；分析句子成分及句意可知，设空处用于修饰其后的形容词elegant，修饰形容词应用副词，true的副词形式是truly；设空处位于句首，所以单词首字母要大写。故填Truly。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：熟练的工人还将各种硬木与金属结合起来，创造出特殊的设计。
104、分析句意可知，此处考查固定结构combinewith/and，意为“把和结合起来”。故填with/and。【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：五千年前，中国人可能在大锅里煮饭，用树枝把食物移走。提示词use是动词，意为“使用”；分析句子成分可知，Chinese people作主语， cooked 作谓语，句中没有连词，所以这是一个简单句，use在句中作非谓语动词；分析句意可知，use的逻辑主语是Chinese people，且两者之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式；use的现在分词形式是using。故填using。【61题详解】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构及句意可知，设空处用于指代前面的
105、名词branches，在设空所在句_6_gradually turned into chopsticks中作主语，所以这是一个定语从句；在定语从句中，关系词指物，作主语，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。【62题详解】考查介词。句意：有人认为，生活在公元前551年至公元前479年的伟大的中国学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。分析句意可知，此处考查固定结构fromto，意为“从到”。故填from。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：有人认为，生活在公元前551年至公元前479年的伟大的中国学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。提示词develop是动词，意为“发展”；分析句子可知，设空处前有冠词
106、the，设空处后有介词of，所以设空处应用名词；develop的名词形式是development。故填development。【64题详解】考查动词。句意：孔子认为刀子会让人想起杀戮，而且用在餐桌上显得太过暴力。分析句子成分可知，设空处前有并列连词and，所以设空处做并列成分；分析句子结构及句意可知，knives作主语，would remind和提示词be做并列谓语动词；would remind是一般过去时态，所以设空处也要用一般过去时；be动词的过去式形式是was或were；knives是复数形式，所以be动词用were。故填were。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：在印度，大多数人传统上用手
107、吃饭。根据句意可知，设空处意为“用”，设空后有具体的工具their hands，with+表示具体工具的名词，表示“用”；此外，with ones hands为固定搭配，意为“用某人的手”。故填with。第四部分：写作（共两节 满分40分）第一节： 应用文写作（满分15分）66. 假如你是班长李华，英国学生 Alex 新学期即将来你班交流学习，请你写一封电子邮件告知他相关信息，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.报道须知；3.注意事项。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Alex,Im Li Hua, monitor of Class One. Welcome
108、 to join us. Now, Id like to inform you of information concerning the start of the new term.You should register at the school before September 1st, on which you should come and attend your first classes. Essential Preparations involving purchasing daily supplies and learning materials should be made
109、 urgently. Bear these tips in mind and youll find your stay here easy and comfortable.I cant wait to meet you in person. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封电子邮件，告知即将来交流学习的英国留学生Alex 新学期的相关信息。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 表示欢迎2. 报到须知3. 注意事项注
110、意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组句型）welcome to，Id like to，inform sb of，the start of，register at place，make preparations，bear sth in mind，cant wait to，in person。第三步：连词成句1. Welcome to join us.2. Id like to inform you of information concerning the start of the new term.3. You should register at
111、 the school before September 1st, on which you should come and attend your first classes.4. Essential Preparations involving purchasing daily supplies and learning materials should be made urgently.5. Bear these tips in mind and youll find your stay here easy and comfortable.6. I cant wait to meet y
112、ou in person. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, Not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but,
113、 Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,While Others, As for, Sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Essential Preparations inv
114、olving purchasing daily supplies and learning materials should be made urgently. 该句运用非谓语动词作定语，且句中使用了被动语态，整句话显得高级。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节 概要写作（满分25分）67. 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Friends are special people who we share our lives with, and who share their lives
115、with us in return. But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy. According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, the key is to use “we-talk”.The research reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5,000 participants.
116、 This largest-ever analysis of “we-talk” suggested that the frequent use of “we” and “us” is linked to happier and healthier relationships. The word “we” moves people from an individual position into a partnership, which makes us more interdependent (相互依赖的). “The pronouns offer an insight into wheth
117、er people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole. Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them,” Megan Robbins told Science Daily. The research also found that “we-talk” is helpful for resolving conflicts. The primary point is that interdependence m
118、ay bring about supportive and relationship-centered behaviors and positive acknowledge of the partner - especially important in times of stress and conflict.Contrary to “we-talk”, there is “I-talk”, which refers to the frequent use of first singular pronouns, such as “me”, and “mine”, when writing o
119、r speaking. Earlier this year, researchers from the University of Arizona, US, analyzed a set of data that came from 4,700 people in Germany and the US. They found that too much “I-talk” was an accurate verbal marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotio
120、ns.As you can see from the studies, too much “I-talk” can make you feel depressed. But “we-talk” can encourage you to become more positive and created a chain action of healthy interdependence with others. So next time youre talking to a friend, try using more “we-talk”. You may find yourself feelin
121、g more positive - and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well._【答案】One possible version:According to a study, “we-talk” is the key to seeking friends and maintaining the friendship. “We-talk” means using “we” and “us” frequently and it has many benefits. In contrast, “I-talk”
122、 means using pronouns like “me” and “mine” frequently and it leads to negative feelings and emotions. So you should use more “we-talk” when talking to a friend, which will make both of you positive.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，“we-talk”是寻找朋友和保持友谊的关键。we -talk意思是经常使用“we”和“us”，它有很多好处。相比之下，“I-talk”指的是频繁使用“我”和“
123、我的”这样的代词，会导致消极的感觉和情绪。所以，当和朋友交谈时，你应该多用“we-talk”，这会让双方都变得积极。【详解】1 要点摘录But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy. According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, the key is to use “we-talk”.This largest-ever analysis of “we-talk” s
124、uggested that the frequent use of “we” and “us” is linked to happier and healthier relationships.The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship-centered behaviors and positive acknowledge of the partner - especially important in times of stress and conflict.The
125、y found that too much “I-talk” was an accurate verbal marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions.So next time youre talking to a friend, try using more “we-talk”. You may find yourself feeling more positive - and the effect it will have on your frien
126、d will be positive as well.2.缜密构思将第1要点进行概括，作为总说；将第2、3，4三个要点进行整合作为分说，总结第5要点作为结论。3.遣词造句According to research, the key to seek friends and keep the friendship going is to use “we-talk”.It is linked to happier and healthier relationships to use of “we” and “us” frequently.So next time youre talking to a friend, its necessary to try using more “we-talk”.【点睛】高分句型1 “We-talk” means using “we” and “us” frequently and it has many benefits.运用并列句，对原文第二段进行了概括。高分句型2 So you should use more “we-talk” when talking to a friend, which will make both of you positive. 用which引导的非限制性定语从句和when引导的时间状语从句，对最后一段进行了概括。