1、（考试时间：120分钟 总分：120分）注意事项：1、本试卷共分两部分，第I卷为选择题，第II卷为非选择题。2、所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上的无效。第I卷（三部分，共85分）第一部分：听力部分（共两节，满分20分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is the man? A
2、. A student B. A salesman C. A policeman2. What does the woman want to do? A. Cancel the meeting B. Change the time of the meeting C. Skip the meeting3. What do we know about the man? A. He has never been across the ocean B. He does not understand what the woman means C. He likes mathematics a lot4.
3、 What kind of job would the woman prefer? A. Any job with a high salary B. An average job with a nice salary C. An exciting job with an average salary5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather B. What happened last night C. Sleeping problems第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出
4、最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is special about the meal? A. The amount of food B. The price of food C. The kind of food7. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Try a dessert B. Try his favorite meat C. Eat as much as possible听
5、第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What did the man ask the woman to do? A. Take a break B. Take more pictures C. Show his the photos9. Why did the man complain? A. The beach was dirty B. There were no pictures of him C. The weather was bad10. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The woman is very selfish B.
6、The man will copy his pictures into his PC C. The speakers are on vacation听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. Why does the man wish to break up with his girlfriend? A. She is not as pretty as she once was B. They dont get along well C. He will move soon12. What does the woman think of the matter? A. The man should
7、 not take the job B. The man might be reasonable C. The man should maintain this relationship13. How does the man think his girlfriend will feel at his decision? A. Sad B. Calm C. Happy听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What is the woman looking for? A. Some saucepans B .Some frying pans C. Some plates15. When di
8、d she first see them? A. This morning B. Yesterday C. Some days ago16. What did the man ask the woman to do? A. Have a look at the window display B. Check all the kitchenware in stock C. Describe the item she wanted17. How might the woman feel in the end? A. Disappointed B .Excited C. Surprised听第7段材
9、料，回答第8至10题。听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What happened to the elderly gentleman? A. He got stuck in the doors of the train B. He missed the train C. He was seriously injured on the train19. What do we know about the gentlemans wife? A. She was in great panic B. She cried for help C. She remained calm20. Who
10、 offered to help solve the problem? A. The speaker and two other men B. The conductor C. Nobody第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.-Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. -How nice! You _ a differen
11、t culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced22. To some great man, such as Stephen William Hawking, there is no greater happiness than _of succeeding in his scientific career. A. that B. it C. one D. the one23. If you are travelling _
12、 the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when D. where24. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _you want to use it for. A. what B. why C. if D. whether25. If she doesnt go to the party to be held in the hall tonight, _. A. neither do I B. I
13、dont, either C. neither I do D. nor will I 26. There is a shop selling all kinds _knives in the center of the city where you can get one as a present. A. carve B. carved C. carving D. to carve27. A developing countrys debt weakens its development because it is always struggling to _its repayments; g
14、overnment finances that could be spent on health and education are instead used for debt repayment. A. put pressure on B. push for C. catch up on D. catch on28. The government is taking _steps towards addressing the countrys economic problem. A. autonomous B. apparent C. tentative D. permanent29. De
15、feat at this stage would _ their chances of reaching the finals of the competition. A. compromise B. abolish C. substitute D. wrestle30. -Did Mary come? -I dont know. She _ while I was out. A. might come B. might have come C. could come D. must have come31. As a result, our country has strengthened
16、_to protect wildlife. A. rate B. regulation C. assessment D. assistance32. His money _ and he has to borrow some from his friends before none is left in his pocket. A. is running out B. has run out C. has been run out D. is being run out33. -How is Peter getting along with his new work? -_. You know
17、, he is always the lucky dog. A. Just so so B. I dont know C. Youd better ask him yourself D. Never better34. Mary didnt get the promotion she was expecting, but she put on _and went to the office party. A. the last straw B. a brave face C. a tower of strength D. a ray of sunshine35. The suggestion
18、our teacher _ at the meeting is that students _ in time after learning. A. made; review B. make; review C. should make; reviewed D. made; reviewed第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A family who is willing to support you while you are in college is a wonde
19、rful thing. Even though you are in school, you still have 36 to pay and other things to buy. 37 what happens when your parents say, “You have to start _38 the things you need”? In other words, it is time to find a job. The first thing you should do is 39 whether you have the right to do a work-study
20、 program. Usually you should start 40 in advance. Building a network of people is a great way to find a job. Make a(n) 41 to meet new people and talk them. There is always someone who is graduating, which 42 new openings have to be filled. Make yourself 43 to everyone. You may not get the job you ap
21、plied for, but you will get something important 44 . The more they see your face, the more likely they are to 45 you. Why? Because theyll remember you. Youve made a lasting 46 . Going to a small school 47 me to be known to many people. People saw me 48 because of the position I held. In fact, Ive ga
22、ined more jobs because people were 49 with me. But once you get your name out there, be _50 what you do; first impressions can last a lifetime, and your 51 will precede(领先)you, whether it is good or bad. It is truly 52 to have someone who understands your struggle to talk to. Talking to the older st
23、udents at my school really helped me. Now I am able to do the 53 ; I talk to other students about my 54 , including not having my family there for me and how I held on to the last minute. I hope that 55 my story can help others to see that they can do it, too.36. A. notes B. reports C. bills D. file
24、s37. A. But B. For C. Or D. So38. A. paying for B. paying off C. taking up D. taking away39. A. imagine B. determine C. blame D. conclude40. A. making B. searching C. treating D. worrying41. A. A. effect B. difference C. change D. effort42. A. clarifies B. admits C. means D. realizes43. A. known B.
25、understood C. heard D. improved44. A. in turn B. in return C. in charge D. in control45. A. reject B. interview C. employ D. order46. A. relation B. memory C. decision D. impression47. A. forced B. allowed C. warned D. promised48. A. rarely B. regularly C. suddenly D. finally49. A. familiar B. popul
26、ar C. angry D. honest50. A. generous B. afraid C. careful D. patient51. A. reputation B. freedom C. wealth D. dream52. A. boring B. shocking C. puzzling D. amazing53. A. different B. unique C. same D. common54. A. performance B. experiences C. habits D. origins55. A. dividing B. sharing C. enjoying
27、D. believing第三部分：阅读题解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACycling is one of the best ways to experience and enjoy Scotlands wide open spaces, dramatic scenery and clean fresh air, while giving you greater freedom and time to explore at your own pace.Cycle Touring Sc
28、otland is perfect for cycle touring. Cycling is great on quiet country roads, especially in the gentle gradients of the rolling hills and stop off at some of the many pubs and cafes. If you are going cycling in Scotland, make sure you have the correct lights for travelling in the dark and are aware
29、of cycling regulations in the UK. Increasingly, Scotlands towns and cities have introduced dedicated cycle routes and paths, making it easier to cycle in urban areas.Mountain BikingMountain biking is popular in the forests in the Highlands, central and southern Scotland. Riders should always keep to
30、 tracks where they have a right to cycle, and pass walkers at considerate speeds.Bike RentalBike hire is available at shops in most large towns and in many tourist centers, although the range of models there may be limited. Many shops give good discounts for multi-day rentals. Travelling with Your B
31、ike by TrainTransporting your bike by train is a good alternative way of getting to the start of your route. Most train operators allow bicycles on trains for free, while some also offer a reservation option to ensure a space. At peak times there can be much competition for places, and it is rare fo
32、r all large groups of cyclists to find places for their bikes. Folding bicycles are carried free of charge and without restriction on all services.Cyclists Welcome VisitScotland operates a Cyclists Welcome accommodation scheme. This scheme gives guest houses around the country a chance to advertise
33、that they are cyclist-friendly and have facilities and services especially for cyclists.56. What can we learn about bike rental in Scotland? A. It is available in all large towns B. The price can be very reasonable C. Bikes for rent are limited in number D. You can get a discount for group hiring57.
34、 VisitScotland is probably a(n)_. A. scheme B. guest house C. travel agency D. advertising companyB The past tense of “dive” shows the differences between American and British English. In Britain, this word is “dived”, while Americans increasingly prefer “dove”, which is similar to the usage of “dri
35、ve”. However, it seems that the difference used to be something of a dialect marker in America. E. Bagby Atwoods 1953 study found that “dove” was mainly northeastern, used as the main form in New England, upstate New York and the Northeast Corridor as far south as Wilmington, Delaware. However, in c
36、entral Pennsylvania, northeast Maryland and lowland areas of South Carolina, “dived” and “dove” could be exchanged. Elsewhere in the eastern US, “dived” was typical, along with more unusual forms like “div” and “duv”. So what has happened since then? Well, I guess that old dialect forms like “div” a
37、nd “duv” have decreased greatly. But it is very difficult for me to say this with certainty, as it is just my own persona idea. So, what kind of evidence can be found? Although Ive often used Googles Ngram Viwer to examine unusual words, I have very little faith in its information. So I attempted an
38、 unscientific test which I call the “first 100 tweets” experiment. After looking up 36 tweets, the ratio was 17 tweets in the UK using “dived” VS only 2 tweets from America. I unfortunately gave up at that point when it became clear that data was going to be distorted(曲解)by two important factors. Fi
39、rst, the majority of tweets using “dived” involve Association Football(soccer) and considering the sports greater popularity in Britain than North American, it would probably distort things. Its reasonable to think that, considering that “dive” is a word with a particular meaning in sport, American
40、soccer fans might use dived” as well. Second, “dived” is almost certainly used by American “dived” usage difficult to judge. So although the repeated assumption is that “dove” is the unmarked form in America, I cant be really certain there arent still Americans who use “dived.”58. What can we learn
41、from the passage? A. The dived-dove difference is a dialect marker in America B. Americans created “dove by copying “drive” C. Atwood was the first to study “dive” in different areas. D. “Dive” is a typical word to show the differences in the two “Englishes”.59. Where could “dived and dove” be subst
42、ituted? A. In central Pennsylvania B. In Carolina C. In the eastern US D. In Wilmington60. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A. It is unknown whether “dived” is a dialect marker in Britain B. More Americans use “dived” than British people C. American soccer fans made “dived” popular in Am
43、erica D. The word “dive” has a lot of meanings in sport61. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Differences Between British and American English B. E. Bagby Atwoods Opinion on American Dialects C. Dived VS Dove in American Dialects D. Comparison Between British and Amer
44、ican DialectsC The United States Environmental Protection Agency says only seven percent of plastic waste in the United States is recycled each year. Now, however, a new company in northern New York says it can increase that percentage and help the United States reduce the amount of oil it imports.T
45、he company has a machine called the “plastic-eating monster.” Every hour, thousands of kilograms of milk bags, water bottles, and grocery bags from landfills across the United States are fed into it.John runs the company, called JBI. Mr. Bordyniuk has invented a new process for turning plastic into
46、fuel. First, many different kinds of unwashed plastics are thawed together to create a mixture looking like milk being heated on the stovethe difference is that it is black. Mr. Bordyniuk uses a special chemical to turn the liquid into a vapor, and this reduces the plastic to its most basic elements
47、. “Plastics are just long hydrocarbon chains. What were doing is re-forming them into links and chains that we want, so they have a high fuel value.” Eight percent of the recycled plastic is used to run the system. while eighty-six percent of what goes in comes out as fuel.Bob Molodynia helps run th
48、e company. He watches as the plastic-eating machine pours a thin, brown liquid into an oil barrel.“You could tap this right now and this is ready to go. Thats a number six fuel, the kind that major companies like US Steel use,” he says.JBI produces several thousand liters of fuel a day. It creates d
49、ifferent grades of fuel for different industries. It sells the fuel for up to one hundred dollars a barrel. Each barrel costs about ten dollars to produce.John Bordyniuk believes plastics will become an important source of fuel for the United States. He says this will reduce the countrys dependence
50、on foreign oil and reduce the amount of plastic waste in its landfills.Some scientists say plastic-to-oil technology is still new and developing and that it is not yet known if the process is environmentally friendly. And some question whether turning plastic into oil can even be considered “recycli
51、ng.”Carson Maxted is with the publication Resource Recycling, a magazine that reports on the plastic recycling industry. He says because there is a lot of plastic waste and a great demand for oil, JBIs recycling technology may create great changes in both industries.“Theyre getting value from someth
52、ing that would otherwise go to the landfill, things that wouldnt be accepted into a recycler.”62. According to the first paragraph, JBI_. A. collects plastic waste free of charge B. may increase oil use C. will produce more such machines in the US D. is helping solve the problem of recycling plastic
53、 waste63. Whats the probable meaning of the underlined word “thawed” in the second paragraph? A. Made to be come liquid as a result of heating B. Created by combing two or more different things. C. Moved at a slow and steady speed. D. Made to become longer and stronger.64. We learn from this passage
54、 that_. A. plastic with a high value will be used to make fuel. B. eight-six percent of plastics can turn into fuel C. the JBI company makes lots of money from its produce. D. different companies can use the same grade of oil made by JBI.65. Which of the following is John Bordyniuks opinion about th
55、e new technology? A. America will be less dependent on foreign oil thanks to it. B. It may help create different kinds of fuel. C. It can reduce the amount of plastic being made. D. Turning plastic into oil actually isnt recycling.DLargely unrecognized during his life, William Blake is now considere
56、d a seminal figure in the history of history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. He had a grounded and happy upbringing in Soho in London. Although always a well read and intelligent man, Blake left school at the early age of ten to attend the Henry Pars Drawing Academy for five
57、years. The artists he admired as a child included Raphael, Michelangelo, Giulio, Romano and Durer.He started writing poetry at the age of twelveand in 1783 his friends paid for his first collection of verses to be printed, which was entitled “Poetical Sketches” and is now seen as a major poetical ev
58、ent of the 18th century. Despite his obvious talents as a poet,his official profession was as an engraver(雕刻师)because he could not afford to do a painters apprenticeship(学徒) and therefore began his apprenticeship with the engraver James Basire in 1772. _After completing his apprenticeship six years
59、later, he joined the Royal Academy of Art. At this point his art and engraving remained separate he wrote and drew for pleasure and simply engraved to earn a living. In 1784 he opened his own shop and in the same year completed Island in the Moon, which ridiculed his contemporaries of the art and li
60、terature social circles he mixed with. Two years previous to this, he married Catherine Boucher.Now Blake was an established engraver, he began experimenting with printing techniques and it was not long before he compiled(编写) his first illuminated book,Songs of Innocencein 1788. _Shortly after he co
61、mpleted The Book of Thel and from 1790, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, which followed on from his significant Prophetic books. These books were a collection of writings on his philosophical ideas and although they have nothing to do with his poetry, it was a sign of his increasing awareness of the
62、 social injustices of his time, which led to the completion of hisSongs of Experience in 1794.One of Blakes main influences was the society in which he lived. He lived during revolutionary times and witnessed the downfall of London during Britains war with republican France. His disgust with society
63、 grew as he matured and The Songs of Innocence and Experience pictured this transition. _As well as having radical(激进的) religious ideas for the time he did not believe in “religion of nature or reason, but thought mans nature was imaginative and mystical” (Lister 1968, p.27), and he also had radical
64、 political ideas due to the day-to-day poverty he was forced to witness.“Living near the end of a century, born in a period of imperialistic wars, coming to maturity during the American Revolution and to the full bloom of his genius during the French Revolution, aware of the comeing economic change
65、and sick to the bone of ruling hypocrisy(虚伪), he viewed the events of his own days as the fulfillment of prophecy(预言)” (Hagstrum 1964, p. 97-98)Blakes preoccupation (关注)with good and evil as well as his strong philosophical and religious beliefs remained throughout his life and he never stopped port
66、raying them in his poetry and engravings._ Although Blake is not well known for being a specifically grotesque(奇异) artist, it is his experiences and disgust with London society in the late eighteenth century that clearly emulates(超越) elements of the grotesque. He died at the age of sixty-nine in 182
67、7and although the Blake family name died with him, his legacy as a fascinating, complex man of many artistic talents will no doubt remain strong well into this century. Other famous works include Europe, America, Visions of the Daughters of Albion and The Book of Urizen.66. Why did William Blake ope
68、n his own shop in 1784?A. To earn a living B. To get married C. To help complete his poem D. Just for pleasure67. “Blake wanted to take his poetry beyond being just words on a page and felt they needed to be illustrated to create his desired effect.” The sentence above should be put in Blank_. A. B.
69、 C. D. 68. The author quoted what Hagstrum said in 1964 to imply that William Blake was_. A. disgusted with society B. confident about the future C. imaginative and mystical D. gradually becoming mature.69. What can we infer according to the last paragraph? A. Black was quite confused as to what was
70、 good and evil B. Black seldom displayed his religious beliefs in his poems C. Blake was unknown as a specifically grotesque artist. D. No one else in his family was superior to him after his death70. What is the authors attitude towards William Blake and his works? A. Critical B. Radical C. Objecti
71、ve D. Subjective.第II卷（两部分 共35分）第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。How Will Global Warming Change Earth? The impact of increased surface temperatures is significant in itself. But global warming will have far-reaching effects on the
72、planet. Warming modifies rainfall patterns, amplifies coastal erosion, lengthens the growing season in some regions, melts ice caps and glaciers, and alters the ranges of some infectious diseases. Some of these changes are already occurring.Changing WeatherFor most places, global warming will result
73、 in more frequent hot days and fewer cool days, with the greatest warming occurring over land. Longer, more intense heat waves will become more common. Storms, floods, and droughts will generally be more severe as precipitation patterns change. Hurricanes may increase in intensity(强度)due to warmer o
74、cean surface temperatures.New evidence suggests that global warming is already influencing the weather.Heat waves, droughts, and intense rain events have increased in frequencyduring the last 50 years, and global warming caused by humans probably contributed to the trend.Rising Sea LevelsThe weather
75、 isnt the only thing global warming will impact: rising sea levels will erode(侵蚀) coasts and cause more frequent coastal flooding. Some island nations will disappear. The problem is serious because up to 10 percent of the worlds population lives in vulnerable areas less than 10 meters (about 30 feet
76、) above sea level.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that sea levels will rise between 0.18 and 0.59 meters (0.59 to 1.9 feet) by 2099 as warming sea water expands, and mountain and polar glaciers melt. These sea level change predictions may be underestimates, however, be
77、cause they do not account for any increases in the rate at which the worlds major ice sheets are melting. As temperatures rise, ice will melt more quickly. Satellite measurements reveal that the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets are shedding about 125 billion tons of ice per yearenough to rais
78、e sea levels by 0.35 millimeters (0.01 inches) per year. If the melting accelerates, the increase in sea level could be significantly higher.Impacting EcosystemsMore importantly, perhaps, global warming is already putting pressure on ecosystems, the plants and animals that co-exist in a particular c
79、limate zone, both on land and in the ocean. Warmer temperatures have already shifted the growing season in many parts of the globe. The growing season in parts of the Northern Hemisphere became two weeks longer in the second half of the 20th century. Spring is coming earlier in both hemispheres.This
80、 change in the growing season affects the broader ecosystem. Migrating animals have to start seeking food sources earlier. The shift in seasons may already be causing the lifecycles of pollinators, like bees, to be out of synch with flowering plants and trees. This mismatch can limit the ability of
81、both pollinators and plants to survive and reproduce, which would reduce food availability throughout the food chain.Impacting PeopleThe changes to weather and ecosystems will also affect people more directly. Hardest hit will be those living in low-lying coastal areas, and residents of poorer count
82、ries who do not have the resources to adapt to changes in temperature extremes and water resources. As tropical temperature zones expand, the reach of some infectious diseases, such as malaria, will change. More intense rains and hurricanes and rising sea levels will lead to more severe flooding and
83、 potential loss of property and life.Hotter summers and more frequent fires will lead to more cases of heat stroke and deaths, and to higher levels of near-surface ozone and smoke. Intense droughts can lead to an increase in poor condition of health. On a longer time scale, people will be short of f
84、resh water, especially during the summer, as mountain glaciers disappear, particularly in Asia and parts of North America.How Will Global warming Change Earth? Compared with rising temperatures on the surface, global warming will have a(71) impact on the earth.Changing weatherGlobal warming, as a re
85、sult of (72) activities, is having a great effect on the weather.Global warning will(73) more heat waves, droughts and rain events. Intense hurricanes will increase(74) of the warming of oceans.Rising sea levelsCoastal flooding will(75) and coasts will be eroded with the rising sea levels, while are
86、as below sea level will disappear.Sea water(76) and ice melting will lead to the increase in sea level.Impacting ecosystemsGreat(77) has been put on ecosystems, the plants and animals on land and in the ocean, by global warming.The effects on the broader ecosystem will cause migrating animals to loo
87、k for food in (78) and limit the growth of plants.Impacting peoplePeople living in lower coastal areas and poorer countries have to make a great effort to(79) to these severe changes.(80) of water, especially in summer, will be troubling problem in some places due to high temperatures.第五部分 书面表达（满分25
88、分） 请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, its called peer pressure. Your peers influence your life, even if you dont realize it, just by spending time with you. Its only human
89、nature to listen to and learn from other people in your age group. Peers can have a positive influence on you. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system. You might admire a friend who is always good at sports and try to be more lik
90、e her or him. Sometimes, your peers can influence you in negative ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to skip class with them; your soccer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball. Teenagers are the most likely to fall prey to
91、 peer pressure. So, their parents and teachers should make sure they dont submit to it. And the solution is not in isolating them from their peers. Its in teaching them to make good choices in life.写作内容： 1用约30个单词写出上文概要； 2用约120个单词就“来自同龄人的影响”这一话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括： （1）哪位同龄人对你的影响最大； （2）举例说明他或她对你的学习或成长的影响； （3）
92、你怎样看待同龄人之间的影响。写作要求： 1作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文语句； 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。_江苏省泰州中学2017届高三上学期期中考试英语试题参考答案1-5ABBCA 6-10BACBC 11-15CBAAC 16-20CBACA21-25AADAD 26-30CCCAB 31-35BADBA36-40CAABB 41-45DCABC 46-50DBBAC 51-55ADCBB56-57BC 58-61DAAC 62-65DACA 66-70ABADC71. far-reaching 72. human 73. cause 74. because 75. increase76. expanding 77. pressure 78. advance 79. adapt 80. Shortage/Lack作文