1、Outbreak pressurizes hospitals疫情之下全球医疗系统面临疫情“大考”If its been “smooth sailing” for healthcare systems around the world since the novel coronavirus first made headlines last December, theyre now facing a “tsunami”, as Daniele Macchini, a doctor in Bergamo, Italy, wrote on Facebook.? “There are no more
2、surgeons, urologists (泌尿科医生), orthopaedists (整形科医生) we are only doctors who have suddenly become part of a single team to face this tsunami that has overwhelmed (压倒) us,” he wrote.“Overwhelmed” is the current state of the healthcare systems in many countries. In Italy the European epicenter (中心) of
3、the coronavirus there is a divide in the healthcare services between the countrys wealthier north and poorer south. Lombardy, a region in the north where Italys financial center of Milan is located, boasts a well-developed healthcare system, which is precariously (勉强地) holding up. But the same cant
4、be said for the south. “Im afraid that the south of Italy could have in a few weeks a worse situation,” Maria Rita Gismondo, a virologist (病毒学家) at Luigi Sacco University Hospital in Milan, told The Washington Post. In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) the countrys universal healthcare syste
5、m that has long been seen as a “national treasure” and the “envy of the world”, as DW News puts it is now reaching its limits. According to the Financial Times, even before the pandemic started, the NHS was already underfunded (资金不足的) and understaffed, which with the coronavirus outbreak is being pu
6、shed to “breaking point”.w“If 5 percent of the population gets the virus and 5 percent of those people need an intensive care bed, thats over 150,000 people who will need intensive care, and we only have 4,000 beds,” UKs former health secretary Jeremy Hunt told Channel 4 News.On the other side of th
7、e world, the US is also having a hard time coping. For starters, 28 million people in the country are not covered or do not have sufficient health insurance, according to the 2019 US Census. Apart from that, Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said t
8、hat the country is unable to provide coronavirus testing kits to all Americans who want them. “The system is not really geared (适应的) to what we need right now,” Fauci told Al Jazeera. “That is a failing. Lets admit it.”Hopefully, when the world emerges from this outbreak, they will learn a valuable
9、lesson: One should always be prepared for a tsunami even when its smooth sailing. （选自Washington Post）1. What is the text mainly about?A. How different countries fight the pandemic in their own way.B. Problems facing the healthcare systems in some countries.C. How different countries have worked toge
10、ther to fight the virus. D. A comparison of the outbreak in three countries. 2. What can we learn from the text about the pandemic in Italy?A. Lombardy is the hardest-hit region in Italy. B. It is harder for the south to cope with the pandemic. C. The north has been well-prepared for the pandemic. D
11、. More people are infected in the south than in the north.3. What is the major challenge facing the UKs NHS after the coronavirus outbreak?A. How to handle the rising number of infected patients.B. How to deal with those without health insurance. C. How to train medical staff to provide better servi
12、ces.D. How to provide coronavirus testing kits to all those in need.4. What is Faucis attitude toward the American healthcare system?A. He is proud of it. B. He considers it too flexible.C. He believes it needs some improvement.D. He thinks it suits the current situation well.译文：自从新型冠状病毒于去年12月首次成为头条
13、新闻以来，如果这一直是全球医疗保健系统的“平稳航行”，那么他们现在正面临着“海啸”，正如意大利贝加莫的医生Daniele Macchini在Facebook上写道。他写道：“没有更多的外科医生，泌尿科医生，整形外科医师我们只是突然成为一个团队的一员，以面对这场压倒我们的海啸的医生，”他写道。“不堪重负”是许多国家/地区医疗系统的当前状态。 在意大利-冠状病毒的欧洲中心-在该国较富裕的北部与较贫穷的南部之间的医疗保健服务存在分歧。伦巴第是意大利米兰金融中心所在的北部地区，拥有发达的医疗保健系统，勉可危。但是南方不能这样说。米兰路易吉萨科大学医院的病毒学家玛丽亚丽塔吉斯曼多对华盛顿邮报说：“恐怕意
14、大利南部可能在几周内出现更糟的情况。” 在英国，国家卫生服务局该国的全民医疗保健系统，正如DW News所说，一直被视为“国宝”和“世界羡慕” 现在正达到极限。根据英国金融时报的报道，即使在大流行开始之前，NHS的资金也已经不足且人手不足，随着冠状病毒的爆发，NHS已被推到“临界点”。w“如果有5的人口英国前卫生部长杰里米亨特对第四频道说：“这种病毒和其中5的人需要重症监护病床，超过15万人需要重症监护，而我们只有4000张病床。”在世界的另一端，美国也很难应付。首先，根据2019年美国人口普查，该国2800万人没有获得保险或没有足够的健康保险。除此之外，美国国家过敏和传染病研究所所长安东尼福
15、西表示，该国无法为所有需要它们的美国人提供冠状病毒检测试剂盒。 Fauci告诉半岛电视台：“该系统并没有真正适应我们现在所需要的。” “那是失败的。让我们承认这一点。”希望，当世界从这次疫情中崛起时，他们将汲取宝贵的教训：即使在顺风航行的情况下，也应始终为海啸做好准备。 答案：1-4 BBAC1. B。文中第一段引用意大利贝尔加莫的医生丹尼尔麦克奇尼的话（如果说自从新冠病毒去年12月首次登上头版头条以来，世界各地的医疗保健系统一直“一帆风顺”，而现在他们正面临着一场“海啸”），描述了随着新型冠状病毒疫情的发展，世界各地的医疗保健系统所呈现的不同状态。随后文章分别介绍了意大利、英国和美国的医疗保
16、健系统在应对此次疫情时反应的问题，所以答案为B。2. B。根据第三段的“Lombardy, a region in the north where Italys financial center of Milan is located, boasts a well-developed healthcare system, which is precariously (勉强地) holding up. But the same cant be said for the south.”以及该段引用的病毒学家Maria Rita Gismondo的话（Im afraid that the south
17、 of Italy could have in a few weeks a worse situation）可知意大利南北方医疗资源不均衡，南方的条件相比北方要差，所以B为正确答案。A、D文中没有提及；从文中描述的Lombardy“precariously (勉强地) holding up”可推知C不对。3. A。根据第四、五段可知英国国民保健服务系统（NHS）在疫情爆发前就面临资金不足、人手短缺的问题，随着新型冠状病毒疫情的爆发，床位尤显紧张，所以可推知A为正确答案。4. C。从倒数第二段的“the country is unable to provide coronavirus testing kits to all Americans who want them”可以推知C为正确答案。