1、一、真题精练，感悟经典(2019全国卷D篇)During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by sm
2、oking cigarettes，breaking rules and playing jokes on others，among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a wellexplored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables playswellwitho
3、thers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jumpstart interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work.Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed
4、，Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”In one study，Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents，scori
5、ng the least liked，the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究)“We found that the least wellliked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustm
6、ent，high status has just the opposite effect on us.”Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play datesharing，kindness，opennesscarry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prins
7、tein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，” he said.32What sort of girl was the
8、author in her early years of elementary school?AUnkind. BLonely. CGenerous. DCool.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.”可知，作者在小学时乐于分享。故选C。33What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe
9、 classification of the popular.BThe characteristics of adolescents.CThe importance of interpersonal skills.DThe causes of dishonorable behavior.答案A解析段落大意题。根据第二段第二句“Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.”可知，受欢迎的人被分为
10、两类：受人喜爱的人和追求地位的人，接着第三、四句分别描述了两类受欢迎的人的特征，故A项最能概括本段的主要内容。34What did Dr.Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?AThey appeared to be aggressive.BThey tended to be more adaptable.CThey enjoyed the highest status.DThey performed well academically.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“It clearly showed that while
11、likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite effect on us.”可知，受人喜爱的人能够进行健康的调整，适应能力更强，故选B。35What is the best title for the text?ABe NiceYou Wont Finish Last BThe Higher the Status，the Better CBe the BestYou Can Make It DMore Selfcontrol，Less Aggressiveness答案A解析标题归纳题。根据全
12、文内容尤其是最后一段第一句可知，受人喜爱与积极的人生结果有关，是这些结果的成因。因此，对人友好，你的人生就不会太差。故选A。二、素养回扣，强化基础.阅读下面句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1Her novels have gained in popularity over recent years.受欢迎2Smile is also an important thing in building good interpersonal relationship.Every time you smile at someone，you give a gift to that person，a bea
13、utiful thing.人际的3He is ashamed of his former dishonorable action.无耻的4He is in the enviable position of having two job offers to choose from.令人羡慕的.同义词语替换1These basic standards can be divided into four categories.kinds2It is most risky to go and examine an active volcano.dangerous3Even in prison，he co
14、ntinued to engage in criminal activities.take part in.选择方框内的词汇填空1No man is responsible for your failure，only for your success!2The children，although not related to us by blood，had become as dear to us as our own.3As the human population increased，large parts of the island were cultivated，leading to
15、a severe reduction of their natural habitat.4The film we saw last night is based on a novel by Pat Conroy.完成句子1据报道，我的家乡正在建设的两所学校将于明年开学。(介词关系代词)It is reported that these two schools，both of which are being built in my hometown，will open next year.2这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕，而且被送进了监狱。(not only.but also.)Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had also been sent to prison.