1、专题二非谓语动词 对 点 训 练 .单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年天津卷)_(learn) to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.解析：句意：学会批判性地思考，这是现在的孩子未来(的发展)所需要具备的一项重要技能。空处在主句中作主语，应该用动名词形式。答案：Learning2. (2019年天津卷)Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially _(design) to hel
2、p them succeed academically and personally.解析：句意：如今，大多数大学都为一年级学生开设一门专门为他们设计的课程，以帮助他们在学业和个人发展方面取得成功。a course与design是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。答案：designed3. (2019年全国卷)Scientists have responded by _(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populati
3、ons are higher than they actually are.解析：介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.意为“通过做某事回应”。答案：noting4. (2019年全国卷)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s，and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area.解析：此处是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被
4、动含义。答案：to perform5. (2019年北京卷)Earth Day, _ (mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 解析：本句是主系表结构，由连系动词is可知，空处填非谓语动词形式。mark在这里是“庆祝，纪念(重要事件)”之意，是及物动词，Earth Day与之是被动关系，此处的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被庆祝”，故用过去分词短语作定语。句意：地球日在4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度事件。答案：ma
5、rked6. (2019年北京卷)For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. 解析：主语I与face之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。现在分词短语在句中作状语。答案：facing7. (2019年浙江卷)But some stud
6、ents didnt want _ (wear) the uniform. 解析：want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。答案：to wear8. (2019年全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _ (be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week. 解析：介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。答案：being9. (2019年全国卷)On the last day of our weeklong stay，we wer
7、e invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.解析：分析句子结构可知，空处与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。答案：listening10. (2019年全国卷)When we got a call _ (say) she was shortlisted, we thought i
8、t was a joke.解析：say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying。现在分词短语saying.作后置定语，修饰a call。答案：saying11. (2019年全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.解析：此处是It takes some time to do sth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。
9、答案：to get12. (2019年全国卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _ (retire) from her 36yearold business. 解析：此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，意为“她没有退休的计划”。答案：to retire13. (2018年全国卷)You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see) the benefit.解析：句意：你不必跑得太快或花很长时间去看它的好处。不定式用作目的状
10、语，故填to see。答案：to see14. (2018年全国卷)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _(improve) water quality.解析：句意：为了改善水质，政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。此处表示目的，用不定式，故填to improve。答案：to improve15. (2018年全国卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt fee
11、l challenged.解析：avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”，是固定短语。答案：looking16. (2018年全国卷)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _ (die) early by running.解析：句意：你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑步减少早逝的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词，故填dying。答案：dying17. (2018年全国卷)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _ (stay) an
12、d watch.解析：allow sb.to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。答案：to stay18. (2018年天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _ (take)解析：句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我需要照张相片。宾语my photograph与take为被动关系，且表示让他人去做这件事，因此用过去分词作宾补，即“have sth.done”结构，意为“让某事被做”。答案：taken19. (2018年天津卷)It took him a long time _ (acquire)
13、the skills he needed to become a good dancer.解析：句意：他花了很长时间学习成为一名好舞者所需要的各项技能。在It takes/took sb.to do sth.句型中，It作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。答案：to acquire20. (2018年天津卷)I didnt mean _ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help trying it.解析：句意：我当时什么都不想吃，但是那款冰激凌看上去太诱人了以致于我忍不住品尝了它。mean to do
14、 sth.意为“打算做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。此处意为“打算做某事”，mean后须加不定式作宾语。答案：to eat21. (2018年北京卷)Ordinary soap, _ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.解析：句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系，故填过去分词used。答案：used22. (2018年北京卷)_ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding
15、experience.解析：句意：沿古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣和有益的经历。根据题干可知，“_ along the old Silk Road”是主语部分，应该用动名词形式作主语。答案：Traveling23. (2018年北京卷)During the MidAutumn Festival, family members often gather together _ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.解析：句意：过中秋节的时候，家人们通常会团聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。根据句意可知，家人们团聚在一起的目的是吃饭、赏月和
16、品尝月饼，因此用不定式to share作目的状语。答案：to share24. (2018年江苏卷)Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, _ (exceed) the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts.解析：句意：这段时期约13 500个新工作被创造出来，超过了市场分析者预测的12 000个。空处是非谓语动词作状语，与“Around 13，500 new jobs”是主动关系，且没有动作发生前后的关系，故用现在分词。答案：exceeding25. (2017
17、年全国卷)They are required_ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.解析：句意：他们被要求加工食物。 require意为“要求”， require sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为sb. be required to do sth.，意为“某人被要求做某事”。故填to process。答案：to process26. (2017年全国卷)This included digging up the ro
18、ad, _ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.解析：included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。答案：laying27. (2017年全国卷)But unlike school friends，16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm _ (rest)解析： spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，故填resting。答案：resting28. (2017年
19、江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _ (shape) your year ahead.解析：help (to) do sth.意为“帮助做某事”。答案：(to) shape29. (2017年天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _ (catch)解析：句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出，as引导原因状语从句，sb. have sth. to d
20、o意为“某人有某事要做(在本句中to do 由主语完成)”，故填to catch。答案：to catch30. (2017年北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ (range) from butterflies to elephants. 解析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象种类繁多。此处wildlife和range之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。答案：ranging.单句改错1. (2019年全国卷)All the football players on the playground ch
21、eered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. _解析：分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。答案：saysaying2. (2019年全国卷)If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. _解析：succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”。答案：managemanaging3. (2019年全国卷) I want my cafe have a specia
22、l theme such as “Tang Dynasty”_解析：want sb./sth.to do sth.意为“希望某人/某物做某事”。答案：cafe后加to4. (2019年全国卷)Ive had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a caf. _解析：to 是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。to open a caf在句中作表语。答案：opensopen5. (2018年全国卷)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read
23、 his or her paragraph aloud._解析：分析句子成分，本句谓语为was，而且没有连词，主语与wait是主动关系，故用现在分词表伴随。答案：waitwaiting6. (2018年全国卷)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious._解析：be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，故在eager后加to。答案：eager后加to7. (2018年全国卷)My grandpa said last sum
24、mer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish._解析：句意：我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。答案：sellselling8. (2017年全国卷)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!_解析：invite 后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，故在students后加to。答案：students后加to9. (2016年全国卷)I showed them I was independent by wea
25、r strange clothes._解析：根据前面的介词by可知，此处应把wear改为wearing。答案：wearwearing10. (2016年浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us._解析：pretend后跟动词不定式作宾语，故把knowing改为know。答案：knowingknow11. (2016年全国卷)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip._解析：stay at home 与take a trip 是并列结构，故把take改为taking。答案：taketaking12. (2015年浙江卷)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming._解析：make 后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故把felt改为feel。答案：feltfeel