1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。第9讲并列句和状语从句. 语法填空1. (2020全国卷)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side. 2. (2020全国卷)When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the
2、river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 3. (2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there. . 完成句子1. (2020全国卷)I waited patiently until/till the oil was hot(直到油热). 2. (202
3、0全国卷)Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old(当我七岁的时候), but I have long been out of practice(但是我已经很长时间没有练习了). 3. (2020全国卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, so that we can practice together (这样我们就能一起练习) every day. 4. (2020全国卷)We spoke more with Nick because I think
4、its a big thing (因为我认为这是一件大事)for Nick to live with his mother-in-law. 5. (2020 天津高考)I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon(但你不久就会收到我的信). 语法填空五谨记1. 完整的句子中, 如果两个单词或短语并列, 要填并列连词; 2. 若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号, 也没有连词, 空格处必定填连词; 3. 牢记特殊句式中连词的运用; 4. 全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词, 熟悉它们的用法; 5. 准
5、确判断主从句的逻辑关系, 同时要注意区分易混词。一、并列句并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中, 这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。并列连词的用法用法连词例句表并列、递进或顺承关系and, both. . . and. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but(also). . . , not. . . but. . . 等*He not only read the book but also remembered what he had read. 表转折、对比关系but, while等*It often
6、 rains in the south, while it seldom rains in the north. 表选择关系either. . . or. . . , or等*Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 表因果关系for, so等*He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【点津】(1)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型是近年来高考的热点, 有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。Hurry up,
7、and you will catch the early bus. One more hour and we will get everything ready for taking off. (2)下列句型中常用并列连词when: be going to do sth. when. . . “正要做某事, 这时(突然)”be about to do sth. when. . . “正要做某事, 这时(突然)”be on the point of doing sth. when. . . “正要做某事, 这时(突然)” be doing sth. when. . . “正在做某事, 这时(突然
8、)”had done sth. when. . . “刚做了某事, 这时(突然)”小题快练The manager was ill so I went in her place. She looks very young, but she is already in her 30s. He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. Will he still be there or will he have gone away? He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helpe
9、d us to study English. I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 二、状语从句 常见状语从句连词1. 时间状语从句(1)when, while与as引导的时间状语从句 连词从句谓语动词用法指津when延续性动词非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生, 也可以先后发生; 当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构, 而其主语和主句的主语一致, 其表语又是一个名词时, 就可以用由as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生, 可译为“一边一边;
10、随着”When I go to the cinema, the movie had already started. While we were chatting she was reading comics. Things are getting better and better as time goes on. (2)before与since引导的时间状语从句连词词义常用句式before在之前; 还未就; 才; 趁; 还没来得及It will (not) be+一段时间+before. . . “(没有)过(时间)才”It was not long before. . . “不久就”It
11、 was+时间段+before. . . “过了(时间)才”since自从以来It is/has been+一段时间+since. . . (从句用一般过去时)It wont be long before you regret what you have done. It was some time before the door opened in response to his ring. It has been two years since he worked here. (3)表示“一就”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句引导时间状语从句, 且表示“一就”含义的词或短语有as soo
12、n as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcely. . . when. . . , no sooner. . . than. . . 等。He left the minute you turned back to write on the blackboard. Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. The science of engineering began as soon as man lea
13、rned to use tools. hardly/scarcely. . . when. . . , no sooner. . . than. . . 中主句应用过去完成时, 从句应用一般过去时; 当no sooner. . . 和hardly/scarcely. . . 位于句首时, 主句要用部分倒装。Hardly had the game begun when it started raining. No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent. (4)un
14、til与till引导的时间状语从句连词位置用法注意事项until可以放在句首not. . . until可用于强调句型until/till用于肯定句时主句的谓语动词是延续性动词, 用于否定句时主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词not until位于句首时, 主句要用部分倒装till不可放在句首一般不用于强调句型You must keep on fighting until (till) the final victory belongs to you. I wont go with you until(till) I finished my homework. Not until we pointe
15、d out their fault to them did they realize it. (5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)after, whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。Every time I catch sight of myself in the mirror, I feel so disappointed. By the time he got there, his friends had alread
16、y moved up north. 2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词if, unless, as/so long as, in case(万一), once, on condition that, provided/providing(that), supposing(that)等。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. He wont be a
17、gainst us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. (2)条件状语从句的时态用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 用一般过去时代替过去将来时。If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 3. 让步状语从句引导词从句位置语序特别说明although灵活正常although与though都可以与yet, still, nevertheless连用, 但不能和but连用though还可以作副词, 意为“可是, 然而”, 置于句末whoever, whatever,
18、 whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句, 但“no matter+疑问词”不可以 though灵活正常或倒装as句首倒装(即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首, 若表语是单数名词, 前置时要省略冠词)while句首正常even if与eventhough灵活正常no matter+疑问词/疑问词+ever灵活正常whether. . . or not句首正常Although/Though he was exhausted, (still) he kept on working. Child as/though he was, he did quite well. We
19、made a trip even though the weather was bad. No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind. )4. 结果状语从句(1)so. . . that中so后面跟形容词或副词。The boy is so young that he cant do that by himself. (2)such. . . that中such后面跟名词。It is such nice weather that we decide to go to the
20、beach. 5. 原因状语从句(1)because用来回答why的提问, 语气最强, 一般放在主句之后。Why didnt you tell me, Archie? Because you might have casually mentioned it to somebody else. (2)since/now that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因, 多放在句首。Since you have started the job, you might as well finish it. Now that we are all part of the global village,
21、everyone becomes a neighbour. (3)as引导的从句常放在句首, 说明次要的原因, 主句说明结果, 常用于口语中。The situation remains confused as both sides claim success. 小题快练I didnt give my name because if I did I thought you might not have come. I was so touched that I couldnt sleep the whole night, and thought about being a teacher in
22、the future. How long do you think it is since he arrived here? No more than half a year, I believe. Unless these questions are solved, the region will remain a powder keg. It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified. Busy as/though she was, she spent some time talking with me
23、, helping me out. 其他状语从句1. 地点状语从句(1)where与wherever意义基本相同, 但后者语气较强, 多用于书面语。The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. Wherever the film star goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. (2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. 目的状语从句(1)so that/in or
24、der that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can, could等。You have to carry a bleeper so that they can call you in at any time. (2)for fear that(唯恐, 以防)与in case引导的目的状语从句中, 谓语动词有时也用should/might/could+动词原形。He was very cautious for fear that he should be blamed for anything wrong. 3. 方式状语从句(1)as引导方式状语从句, 意为“按照”。Shes old eno
25、ugh to have the freedom to do as she likes. (2)as if和as though的意义和用法基本一样; 从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实, 也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。This time it looks as if were really going to get somewhere. Local residents said it was as if there had been a nuclear explosion. 4. 比较状语从句(1) as. . . as; not so/as. . . as; the same. . . a
26、s表示相同程度的比较, 肯定句用as. . . as, 否定句可用not as. . . as或not so. . . as。The very first canon of nursing is to keep the air inside as fresh as the air outside. I have never seen so much rain as fell that February. (2)than表示不同程度的比较, 主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。I consider nothing more important in my life than songwriting.
27、小题快练 House prices vary from place to place and are usually high where there are famous schools. Scientists have collected more data than expected. She doesnt play as well as her sister. Always do to the others as you would be done by. 状语从句的时态呼应1. 在when, as soon as, the moment, if, unless等引导的时间和条件状语从
28、句中, 遵循“主将从现”的原则, 常常要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。Ill telephone you as soon as I get home. We will not attack unless we are attacked. 2. since引导的时间状语从句: 从句用一般过去时, 主句用完成时态或现在完成进行时态。Two weeks has passed since the new term began. I have been missing her since she left. 3. no sooner. . . than. . . , hardly/scarcely. .
29、. when引导的时间状语从句: 从句中用一般过去时, 主句用过去完成时态。I had hardly come into the room when it began to rain. No sooner had they finished a job than the new task came. 4. 在by the time引导的时间状语从句中, 这个词组常用来指到某一时间为止, 主句常用完成时态。从句若用一般过去时, 主句则用过去完成时态。She had slipped into a coma by the time she reached hospital. 状语从句的省略和简化1.
30、 状语从句的“省略和简化”现象常存在于以下5种状语从句中: 由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句; 由although, though, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句; 由when, while, as, before, after, until/till等引导的时间状语从句; 由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句; 由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。2. 状语从句省略必须同时具备下列两个条件: 主句和从句的主语一致, 或从句主语为it; 从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。 When ( the museum is ) compl
31、eted, the museum will be open to the public next year. If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 3. 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时, 从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形: 连词+形容词/名词/非谓语动词(doing/done/to do)/介词短语。 Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret. Although (he is) doing his best in maths these
32、 days, he has still got no good marks. Unless (you are) invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. He stood up as if (he were) to say something. 小题快练. 单句语法填空Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally confident. If you miss this chance, it may be years
33、 before you get another one. Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out. Fill in the application as instructed. He moves more slowly tha
34、n his sister. . 完成句子It wasnt long before (不久)I learned how to develop respectful relationships with my bosses and what tone of voice to use with kids. I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow(我的头一碰枕头). Ill have my computer fixed immediately because I need it badly for
35、my work(因为我的工作急需它). You shouldnt come to his party unless (you are)invited(除非被邀请). Therell be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even worse, unless we take action now(如果我们现在不采取措施). . 语法填空Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of
36、the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London. Its sound is so well known 1. _ it has often been used in films. The Clock Tower was completed in 1859 and the Great Clock started on 31 May, with the Great Bells strikes 2. _ (hear) for the first time on 11 July. It celebrated its 1
37、50th anniversary on 31 May 2009, during 3. _ celebratory events took place. The tower has become one of the most outstanding 4. _ (symbol) of both London and England. The Clock Tower you see today is not the first tower to be built in Parliaments ground. The 5. _ (origin) tower was built in 12881290
38、 during the reign of King Edward I. Unfortunately 6. _ big fire destroyed most of the Palace of Westminster. Architects 7. _ (invite) to submit their designs and Sir Charles Barrys was successful. Reconstruction of the Clock Tower began in September 1843. 8. _ was designed in the Victorian Gothic st
39、yle. With time passing by, the top of the Clock Tower is leaning one-and-a-half fee off a level position and 9. _ (get) worse each year now, partly as a result 10. _ decades of underground excavation. 1. 【解析】that。考查结果状语从句。so. . . that. . . 为固定搭配, 意为“如此以至于”, 故填that。2. 【解析】heard。考查非谓语动词。在with的复合结构中, 介
40、词宾语the Great Bells strikes与动词hear二者是被动关系, 即敲钟的声音被听到, 用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填heard。3. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。本句是定语从句, 其中31 May 2009是先行词, 在定语从句中作介词during的宾语, 指物要用which, 定语从句中常把介词与关系词一起提到前面, 即介词+关系代词which, 表示在此期间。故填which。4. 【解析】symbols。考查名词的复数形式。根据“one of+名词复数”可知, 空格后要跟名词的复数形式。故填symbols。5. 【解析】original。考查形容词。本空格修饰名词t
41、ower, 一般用形容词修饰名词, 故填original。6. 【解析】a。考查不定冠词。此处是表示数量, 表示“一场”, 故填a。7. 【解析】were invited。考查时态和语态。主语Architects与动词 invite二者是被动关系, 即设计师是被动, 表示设计师是“被邀请”要用被动语态; 本文叙述的过去的事, 要用一般过去时。综合可知, 空格处要用一般过去时的被动形式, 主语是复数, 故填were invited。8. 【解析】It。考查代词。根据语境可知, 空格处指代上文中的the Clock Tower, 英语中常用it指代上文提到的事, 故填It。9. 【解析】getti
42、ng。考查时态。句末的时间状语now和上文中is leaning的运用都表明应该填现在进行时, 强调动作现阶段正在进行。故填getting。10. 【解析】of。考查介词。“as a result of. . . ”是固定搭配, 意思是“因为; 由于”, 故填of。. 语段填空Smile is a magic language that everyone can easily understand wherever he or she comes from(无论他或她来自什么地方). Smile is like the golden sunshine that brings warmth to
43、 people (给人们带来温暖)and makes them happy. Smile is the shortest distance(最短的距离) between people and it is a good way to show friendliness to others(对他人表示友好). More importantly(更重要的是), smile conveys a kind of positive energy to people. When you are happy(当你高兴的时候), smile brightens your face. When you feel
44、frustrated, you should also smile to cheer yourself up(使自己振奋起来). Smile can give you confidence and make you strong. Smile at the world and the world will smile back(全世界都会报以微笑)! . 写作运用补全下面写作, 注意连词使用。Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you 1. and youre welcome to China in July(欢迎你七月份来中国). Im greatly willing
45、 to introduce some significant Chinese customs to you. Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going? ” or “Are you busy? ” to express our care. Secondly, 2. when praised, we reply with “Oh, no! ” or “Im over-praised” to show good manners(当受到表扬时, 我们回
46、答“哦, 不! ”或者“过奖了”来表现出礼貌). Additionally, 3. when receiving a gift, we usually say “Its unnecessary” as well as “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away(收到礼物时, 我们通常会说“没必要”, 也会说“谢谢”, 以示礼貌, 然后把它收起来). Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses 4. when drinking to someones health
47、or success(当我们为某人的健康或成功而喝酒时) to show that were warm. Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. 5. If you do as the Romans do when in Rome, youll enjoy more of your stay here(如果你入乡随俗, 你会在这里享受更多的时光). I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely, Li Hua关闭Word文档返回原板块