1、辽宁灯塔市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练【5】及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II)The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruct
2、ion of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out agains
3、t Hitlers atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.Ame
4、rican opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelts “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitlers policies. Germanys seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The con
5、quest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August,1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy fo
6、r the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1
7、941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere.
8、 In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter,
9、Germany declared war on the United States.1.One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated the American public wasA the burning of the Reichstag.German plans for conquest.C Nazi barbarism.D the persecution of religious groups.2.The Lend-Lease Ac
10、t was designed toA help the British.strengthen the national defense of the United States.C promote the Atlantic Charter.D avenge Pearl Harbor.3.American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as beingA watchful.isolationist.C peaceful.D indifferent.4.The Neutrality Act of 1939A permitted
11、 the selling of arms to belligerent nations.antagonized Japan.C permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.D led to Lend-Lease Act.5.We entered the war against GermanyA because Germany declared war.because Japan was an ally of Germany.C after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.D after
12、peaceful efforts had failed.Vocabulary1.Reich 帝国，尤指第二次世界大战前及大战期间的德国2.atrocity 凶残，残暴3.belligerent 好战的，交战国的4.discretion 判断力，自行裁决，谨慎5.empower 赋予权力6.embargo 禁运，封港7.quarantine 停船检疫，隔离，封锁，使孤立8.partition 分割，瓜分9.menace 威胁，危险10.repeal 废除，取消11.overage destroyer 旧式驱逐舰12.unprovoked 无缘无故的，非因触犯而发生的13.Neutrality A
13、cts 中立法令14.Munich Pact 慕尼黑公约15.draft act 征兵法16.Lend Lease Act 租借法17.Atlantic Charter 大西洋公约18.Pearl Harbor 珍珠港写作方法与文章大意文章讲述了第三帝国成立，美国由中立到宣战的一段历史。采用按年代先后进行叙述的写作手法。文章一开始就点明主题：“第三帝国的成立影响了美国历史，从一系列事情开始，最终导致德国和美国交战。”答案详解1.A帝国大厦焚毁，众所周知，这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋，旨在迫害德国共产党。B. 德国征服计划。C. 纳粹之残暴。D. 迫害宗教团体。在文中都提到。见第一段第二
14、句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟国意、日、征服世界的计划激起美国极大愤怒，也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。”2.B 加强美国国防。见第二段导数第五句“1941年的租借法规定：总统对他认为保卫美国所需要的国家有权卖给、交换或借给他们物资。”A. 帮助英国，不对。C. 促进大西洋公约。大西洋公约是1941年8月，罗斯福和邱吉尔会面后的联合公告。D. 报复珍珠港。是1941年日本发起袭击的报复。3.B 与世隔绝。这在第一段第三句“美国人民虽然反对希特勒的凶残等事，他们一般还是喜欢孤立（与世隔绝的）政策和保持中立。1933年和1936年的中立条约规定：禁
15、止和交战国双方贸易和借贷。”A. 观察的。C. 和平的。D. 不正确的。4.A 允许把武器卖给交战国。答案在第二段第六句“1939年的中立条约取消了武器禁运，允许进行现钞交易出口武器给交战国。”B. 和日本敌对。C. 允许英国只能和其盟国贸易。D. 导致租借条约。5.A 因为德国宣战。这在第一段已有说明。尽管希特勒坏事做尽，美国还是倾向于中立政策。第二段罗斯福在芝加哥的演讲，态度稍有改变。严厉批评希特勒的政策，但仍然以中立为主。1941年日本袭击珍珠港，不久德国宣战，美国才不得不参战。【山东省潍坊市2014高考英语3月模拟试题】BStarting in l972，the National Pa
16、rk Service established a policy for forest fires calle Natural BurnIt was acknowledged that some forest fires，such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，so the fire should be allowed to burnHowever, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 cau
17、sed this policy to be abandoned since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of controlAs a result，the fire of l988 destroyed much of Yellowstone，which is Americas oldest and most beloved national parkMassive areas of plants were destroyed，and large empty spaces and acres of burned and
18、blackened trees greeted visitorsThe rivers and streams were choked with ash，and the ecosystem of the park was changed beyond repair. In addition，great numbers of animals were killed by the fires that bumed out of control. The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a dayMany smal
19、l animals died in the flamesThe fires rapid advances gave the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today，few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires，the numbers of visitors declined rapidlyNo one was interested in seeing a black
20、ened and treeless park on vacationYellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful. But now its reputation as Americas wonder is damaged permanently.【小题1】Natural Burn was adopted because some forest fires were Ahard to put
21、outBstarted by lightningCgood for the balance of natureDapproved by National Park Service【小题2】The big fire in Yellowstone in 1988 Abecame out of control at first Bdestroyed the park completely Cwas allowed to burn continuously Dbrought the natural burn policy to an end【小题3】Why were so many animals k
22、illed in the big fire? ABecause winds were blown from high places BBecause the animals moved only ten miles a day CBecause the animals lived in lower places DBecause strong winds contributed to the fire a lot【小题4】Yellowstone was famous for its Arare animals Bunique plants Cbeautiful scenery Dlittle
23、streams【小题5】The text probably comes from Aa science fiction Ba news reportCa commercial ad Da geography magazine【山东省潍坊市2014高考英语3月模拟试题】C Do you like shopping? Or does the thought of wandering round the shops fill you with terror? For some of us，shopping is an enjoyable way of spending our spare time
24、and our money. For meits something I would rather avoidThank goodness for the Internet! Its more convenient to buy CDs，electrical items，even food，from the comfort of your sofaBut thats not the only reason：price is an important factorWe can buy goods and services cheaper online. But sometimes the pro
25、blem is knowing what to buyThis has led to a type of shopping called “showrooming”Showrooming is something Ive doneI will go to a shop to see，touch and try out products but then go home and buy them online at a knockdown priceIm not alone in doing thisResearch by a company called Foolproof，found 24o
26、f people showroomed while Christmas shopping in 2013Amy Cashman，Head of Technology at TNS UK，says the reasons for this new shopping habit are that“people are lacking time，lacking money and they want security about the products they are buying”She explains that consumers are not only shopping online
27、at home but they are using the Internet in store or on their smartphones to shop aroundBut does this mean technology will kill shops? Certainly shops will changeThey will have to offer more competitive prices or encourage people to buy more by giving instore discounts or free girlsWe mustnt forget t
28、hat buying in a shop means you can get expert advice from the sales assistant and you can get good aftercareIts good to speak to a real human rather than look at a faceless computer screen but at least by showrooming，you get the best of both worlds!【小题1】The two questions in Paragraph l are raised to
29、 Aintroduce the topic Bgive two examplesCcompare different opinions Dget answers from readers【小题2】What does showrooming mean in the text?ATrying in shops and buying onlineBShowing products in a roomCBuying something in a storeDShopping on the Internet【小题3】According to Amy Cashman，which is not the re
30、ason for showrooming?AThe lack of time BThe comfort of the sofaCThe shortness of money DThe security of the product【小题4】What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 ?AOnline shops will disappearBFree gifts will surely promote salesCShops need necessary changesDShops will be replaced by online shops【小题5】The authors attitude towards showrooming is Acritical Bneutral Csupportive Dcasual