1、第二学时Learning about Language一、回忆课文，写出下列短语1巧合地_2大量_3一方面另一方面_4全神贯注_5脱离，摆脱_答案：1by coincidence2.a great deal3on the one hand.on the other hand.4concentrate on5break away from二、回忆课文，完成句子1但是，很显然在13世纪时，那些观念发生了变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。But _ ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giot
2、to di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. 2他们出价聘请著名的艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves，their houses and possessions_their activities and achievements.3在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。_ who broke away from the traditiona
3、l style of painting _the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris. 4.印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。The Impressionists were_. 5.在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的，但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial，but today they are accepted as the beginning of_.答案：1i
4、t was evident that2.as well as3Among the painters；were4the first painters to work outdoors5what we call “modern art”1On the one hand, some modern art is abstract.(p.3)词语链接abstract adj.抽象的n摘要，文摘，抽象 vt.摘要，提炼abstractly adv.抽象地；难理解地abstractness n. 抽象abstracted adj.分心地；心不在焉地abstract thinking 抽象思维abstract
5、 science 理论科学abstract noun 抽象名词abstract mathematics 理论数学in the abstract 理论上abstract concept 抽象概念即学即练选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)Truth is_(抽象名词)(2)Id like to see a show of_(抽象画)(3)Can you make _(这个抽象的想法) more clear? (4)Your theory sounds reasonable _(理论上)However, we dont think its practical.答案：(1)an abstract nou
6、n(2)abstract paintings(3)the abstract ideas (4)in the abstract2Have you ever wished you could paint as well as a professional artist? (p.1)你有没有希望过和专业艺术家画得一样好呢？词语链接wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事wish to do sth.希望做某事wish sb.sth.祝愿某人How I wish that 希望(从句要用虚拟语气)即学即练A完成下列句子。(1)I do not wish _(一个人过星期天)(2)I wish
7、 you _(事事顺利) in the future.(3)I wish today _(是我的生日)(4)He wishes that he_(买得起)a new car.答案：A.(1)to be alone on Sundays(2)every success(3)were my birthday(4)could afford词语辨析： wish；hope wish与hope都可以跟不定式，但wish to do sth.比较正式，口气也比较强烈，而hope to do sth.所表达的愿望是最容易实现的。wish之后则跟含有不定式的复合宾语(wish sb.to do sth.)，而h
8、ope不能。hope之后的宾语从句， 谓语用陈述语气的一般将来时或一般现在时，表达可以实现的愿望；wish之后的宾语从句的谓语动词则只能用虚拟语气，表达无法实现的愿望或对他人美好的祝愿。wish可跟双宾语，而hope不能。如：I wish you good luck! 祝你好运！She wished to study abroad after she graduated from middle school.她希望中学毕业后可以去国外学习。I hope to find you in better health when we meet again.我希望我们重逢时，你的身体状况会更好。I wi
9、sh I had not gone out; I do not like this kind of weather.真希望我没有外出，我不喜欢这种天气。I hope all of my students will make a difference for themselves in the coming year.我希望我所有的学生在新的一年里取得重大进步。即学即练B用wish, hope填空。(1)Janes parents _ her to become an engineer in the near future.(2)Janes parents _that she can becom
10、e an engineer in the near future.(3)Painters in the Middle Ages _to paint religious scenes in a more realistic style.(4)We _ each other the best of luck.(5)I wrote a letter to John _ him a happy birthday.(6)I had to send another email to my manager，_she could forgive me for my fault.答案：(1)wish(2)hop
11、e(3)wished/hoped(4)wished(5)wishing(6)hoping3Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.(p.1)艺术受到社会风俗及人们信仰的影响。 influence作及物动词或者名词，表示“影响，对产生影响”。思维拓展观察下列句中influence的用法。(1)What the professor said at the meeting influenced_everyone_present教授在会上的发言影响到了每个与会者。(influence作动词)(2)We can never ignor
12、e the influence of the climate on agricultural production.我们不能忽视气候对农业生产的影响。(influence作名词)词语辨析：influence；affect；effect affect通常指有形的力量造成的物质或生理的影响，尤其是不良的影响。而influence通常指无形力量所造成的“潜移默化的”，或“持久的影响”，或“重要的影响”，尤指感情或态度上的影响。可以说influence sb.to do sth.，但不能说affect sb.to do sth.。effect只用作名词，不能在句中充当谓语。如：The climate
13、affected his health.气候影响他的健康。(不能用influenced代替)Children are easily influenced by their peers.孩子很容易受同辈影响。即学即练A用influence，affect, effect填空。(1)What parents do will _their children and as a result, some children will try to imitate what his or her parents do.(2)Staying awake is useless, which will _ ones
14、 health day by day.(3)The style of his paintings _by his father, a famous artist in his hometown.(4)What the reporter said in the meeting had a great_on the audience present.(5)Playing computer games _childrens study and their life.答案：A.(1)influence(2)affect(3)is influenced(4)effect/influence(5)affe
15、cts/influences词语链接faith/belief n信仰， 信心，相信， 信任 have faith in对有信心hold the belief that.坚信lose faith in对失去信心即学即练B完成下列句子。(1)He acted in accordance with _(坚定的信念)(2)The public_(对失去信心) the present day government.(3)I _(对你充满信心), and I know youll do a good job.(4)People_(来自不同信仰)are welcome.答案：B(1)his strongly
16、 held faith(2)has lost faith in(3)have great faith in you(4)from different faiths/beliefs4Consequently，this text will describe only the most important ones，starting from the sixth century AD.(p.1)因此，本文只谈从6世纪以来最重要的艺术风格。词语链接consequence n. 后果， 结果consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequently adv.因此，结果as a cons
17、equence(as a result) 结果；因此即学即练完成下列句子。(1)They were poor, _(因而) unable to meet their own engagements(偿还债务)(2)The rain was heavy，and _(所以路被淹没了)(3)This decision could have _(严重的后果) for the future of the education.(4)I missed the train._(结果), I was late for work.答案：(1)consequently(2)consequently the road
18、 was flooded(3)serious consequences(4)As a consequence/Consequently5During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.(p.2)在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。词语链接aim n目标v瞄准aimless adj.漫无目的的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地achieve ones aim 达到目的miss ones aim 打不中，达不到目的aim to do sth.计划做某事，力求做某事ai
19、m at 向瞄准即学即练完成下列句子。(1)我人生的目标是要当警察。My _ in life is to become a policeman.(2)这个男孩用石块瞄准小鸟准备打去。The boy _ a stone _ the bird.(3)他计划明年进大学。 He _ go to university next year.答案：(1)aim(2)aimed；at(3)aims to6During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.(p.2)在文艺复兴
20、时期，新的想法和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期的想法和价值观。词语链接value n有价值，有作用，有用v看重，珍惜valuables n有价值的东西， 值钱的东西valuable adj.有价值的， 珍贵的， 宝贵的invaluable adj.极有用的，宝贵的，无价的valueless adj.无价值的，一文不值的be of value 有价值即学即练完成下列句子。(1)You will find this map _(非常有用) in helping you to get round London.(2)She bought the jewel for less than_(它的价值)(3)
21、After she was set free, she _(珍惜自己的自由) very much.(4)I shall always _(珍视你的友谊)(5)She keeps her jewels, money, and other _(贵重物品) in the bank.答案：(1)very valuable(2)its value(3)valued her freedom(4)value your friendship(5)valuables7People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more hum
22、anistic attitude to life.(p.2)人们对宗教的注意相对减少，用更人性的态度对待生活。词语链接concentrate vi.& vt.(使)特别注意，集中注意力于concentrate on 集中concentrate ones attention on 集中精神于即学即练A完成下列句子。(1)He is _(太累了无法集中精神) today.(2)He found it hard _(把思想集中) on one thing for longer than five minutes.答案：.A.(1)too tired to concentrate at all(2)t
23、o concentrate his thoughts词语链接adopt v采取，采纳；领养，收养adopted adj.领养的adoption n领养，采纳即学即练B完成下列句子。(1)总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。After much deliberation，the president decided to _ her suggestion.(2)克恩先生将那收养的孤儿视为亲生儿子。Mr. Kern looked on the _ orphan as his own son.(3)经过讨论，议事日程获得通过。The agenda _ after some discussion.答案
24、：B(1)adopt(2)adopted(3)was adopted8They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.(p.2)他们出价聘请著名的艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。possession作不可数名词时，表示“拥有，持有，占有权”(尤指贵重物品、信息等); 作可数名词时，表示“拥有的东西，所有物，财产”。Does the possession
25、 of wealth really bring happiness?拥有财富就会快乐吗？Please move all your possessions out of my room.请把你的东西通通搬出我的房间。词语链接possess v占有，拥有；具有possession n所有； 财产；拥有；占有be in possession of sth.拥有某物be in the possession of 某物为某人拥有come into possession of 得到/继承某物take possession of sth. 拿到；占领to gain possession of sth. 获得
26、，捕获，得到占有权即学即练选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)He is _(拥有那栋房子)(2)The house _(为他所有)(3)Having been cheated by that company, he lost all his _(财产)(4)On his fathers death，he _ (继承)a vast fortune.(5)After three days of fierce fight, we _(占领)the city.答案：(1)in possession of the house(2)is in his possession(3)possessions(4)c
27、ame into possession of(5)took possession of9When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.(p.2)当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们都确信自己是透过墙上的一个洞在看一个真实的场景。词语链接convinced adj.虔诚的convince sb. thatclause 使相信convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 be convinced of
28、sth.相信某事convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事即学即练完成下列句子。(1)The man tried to _(让法官相信他是无罪的)(2)He _(使我相信问题) he was faced with.(3)We _(说服了室友骑自行车去) rather than by bus.(4)They _(相信) of his honesty.答案：(1)convince the judge that he was innocent(2)convinced me of the problems(3)convinced our roommates to go by bike(
29、4)were convinced10On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them.(p.3)一方面， 一些现代艺术画是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不想把物体画得跟我们亲眼看
30、到的那样，而是利用色彩、线条、形状来集中表现物体的某些特性。 词语链接attempt sth.企图/试图(做某事)attempt to do sth.企图/试图(做某事)attempt doing sth.尝试做某事in an attempt to do sth.企图/试图/尝试做某事(可数名词)make no attempt to do sth.没有做某事的企图make an attempt on sb.s life 企图谋杀某人即学即练选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)He _(尝试做一件几乎不可能的事情) and brought it off(取得了成功)(2)I _(曾经想继续学业) i
31、n the university，but I could not.(3)She _(试着呼救) but (she) failed.(4)They _(没有尝试逃跑)(5)Someone has _(企图谋杀总统)答案：(1)attempted the almost impossible(2)attempted to go on with my study(3)attempted shouting for help(4)made no attempt at escaping (to escape)(5)made an attempt on the Presidents life11Who can
32、 predict what painting styles there will be in the future？(p.3)谁能预测将来会有什么绘画风格呢。词语辨析：in the future；in futurein the future指在将来的某一时刻。in future指从今以后的全部将来。即学即练选用上述词语填空。(1)I hope you will be more careful_ about the things you say.(2)_，travelling abroad will be easier.答案：(1)in future(2)In the future12a gre
33、at dealmuch；a lot(1)用作名词，表示“许多，大量”。I have learnt a great deal from my visit here.在这里参观我学到了很多。(2)用作副词，表示“非常得多”。I was a great deal surprised.我非常惊讶。He ran a great deal faster than I.他跑得比我快得多。13长难句结构分析如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。这是一个复合句。If引导条件状语从句，后半部分是主句。全句用了虚拟语气，因为从句是对过去发生的事情的假设，所以要特别关注从句和主句的动词形式。在那些突破传统
34、画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。这是一个复合句。主句Among the painters were the Impressionists是倒装句，who broke away from the traditional style of painting是定语从句，修饰painters；who lived and worked in Paris是定语从句，修饰Impressionists。即学即练模仿造句，并分析句子成分。(1)假如你提前准备好了你的发言，你会成功得到这份工作。_(2)在上海参加会议的科学家们，有两位世界闻名的来自加拿大的(著名)物理学家。_答案：(1) .)(2
35、) .,)一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1We found him _ (faith) to his friend.2This is a _(typically) American response.3Nobody believed his _(predict) then but later it turned out to be true.4These are the characteristics of modern _(civilize)5The woman felt that her life was _ (aim) after her children left home.答案：1fa
36、ithful2.typical3.prediction4.civilization5.aimless二、词语活用1用adopt完成下列小段落。The old man (1)_ three children.Now his (2)_ son is a famous singer.His two (3)_ daughters have entered a famous university.The three said they thanked the old man for (4)_ them and his (5)_ made a great difference to their life.
37、答案：(1)has adopted(2)adopted(3)adopted(4)adopting(5)adoption2用take possession of，in ones possession完成下列小段落。He (1) _ (夺去了大量珠宝)from Mr. White，so (2) _ (他拥有了很多财富)However，he later found (3) _ (拥有财富) didnt bring happiness.So he sold (4) _ (所有的财富) and went to the country to live a simple life.答案：(1)took po
38、ssession of a lot of jewels(2)he had possession of a lot of wealth(3)the possession of wealth(4)all his possessions3用convincing, convinced, be convinced that, convince sb.to do sth., convince sb.of sth.等词语自编一个小段落。_答案：Cathy used to laugh at her husband, Tony, a convinced Christian.Later, Tony tried e
39、very means to convince Cathy that it was God that determined everything.He also convinced her to believe in God.That is, he convinced her of the power of the God.In the end, Cathy was completely convinced that what Tony said was convincing.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1Art _(influence) by the customs and faith of
40、a people.2This book focuses on the ancient history of China, _(start) from 2000 BC.3When I first met him, I _(convince) that he was the person right for this work.4Millions of people _ (throw) out of work due to the global economic depression.5At the time they _(create), the Impressionist paintings
41、were controversial, but today they _(accept) as the beginning of what call “modern art”6His father died in 1915, _(leave) him three famous paintings and a collection of coins.7He said he _(value) your friendship very much.8The museum covers more than 5，000 years of civilization from many parts of th
42、e world, _(include) France and America.答案：1is influenced2.starting3.was convinced4have been thrown5were created；are accepted6.leaving7.valued8including四、运用括号内的词组， 将下列句子译成英语 1. 由于巧合， 类似货物也正在本地市场出现。( by coincidence)_答案：By coincidence, similar goods are offering in this market.2. 锻炼身体对增进健康大有益处。(a great
43、 deal)_答案：Exercising the body does a great deal to improve ones health.3. 一方面我羡慕他的才华， 而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。(on the one hand.on the other hand)_答案：On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgment.4. 前几天我在展览会上看见了她。(on exhibition)_答案：It is previous I have seen her on exhibition several days before.5你必须革除这样的坏习惯。(break away from)_答案：You must break away from such bad habits.
