1、2015-2016学年高中英语重庆同步导学案：Unit 3（2）（人教新课标必修3）clauses and use them freely课前自学（ SB P20-21 Discovering useful structures）语法知识精讲1表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。引导表语从句的连接词有：that ,whether, as if（仿佛）；连接代词有who, whose, what, which,连接副词有 when, where, how, why等。另外as, because，也可引导表语从句。表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+从句。常见的表
2、语从句的句型有This is becauseThe reason for (why) is thatHe She looks as if The troubleproblem is that例如:The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实上我们已经输了这场比赛。His suggestion is that no one (should )be allowed to smoke in the office.他的建议是办公室不许吸烟。来源:Zxxk.ComHer trouble is that she doesnt know how to improve
3、her teaching work.他的苦恼是不知道怎样来改进教学工作。Thats just what I want. 这正是我想要的。This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。注意：当主语是reason 时，表语从句要用that 引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed
4、 the train by one minute this morning.他迟到的原因是因早上差一分钟没赶上火车。2名词性从句用作宾语叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句、表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。(1)由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must nev
5、er think (that) we are good in every thing while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasnt hungry.他说他没有吃东西但他并不饿。注意：在demand ,order, suggest, decide ,insist ,desire ,request ,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：The command
6、ordered that troops (should) set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。(2)who ,whom ,which ,whose, what, when ,where ,why ,how ,whoever, whatever, whichever等连词引导宾语从句时，应注意从句要用陈述语序。She always thinks of how she can work well. 他总是在想怎样能把工作做好。I want to know what h
7、e has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。注意：宾语从句是名词性从句中较为重要的一部分，在使用过程中我们应该引起注意。无论何种连词引导宾语从句，从句中必须使用陈述语序。例如：I wonder who will win the English Speech Contest.我在想谁能赢得英语演讲比赛。Could you please tell me how I can get to Silver Plaza?请问去银座超市怎么走？来源:学科网从时态方面来说，宾语从句的时态一般与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是现在时，从句可用任何该用的时态；当主句为过去时时，从句也应用相应的过去时态，但表示客观真理的情况除外。例如：My first visit to Disneyland was the best holiday that I had ever had. 我初次到迪斯尼乐园的旅行是我度过的最好的假期。 来源:学科网ZXXKI find that the Botanic Garden near our hotel is really beautiful.我发现我们旅馆附近的植物园真的很漂亮。 I promised that I would help him when he was in trouble. 我承诺，他有困难时我会帮助他。