1、形容词和副词误用小题必练14：形容词和副词误用常考易错点：1）本该用形容词时却用了副词；2）本该用副词却用了形容词。形容词变副词一般规则：形容词变副词通常是加ly，其变化有规律可循，请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下：quickquickly；truetruly；happyhappily；possiblepossibly。具体规则如下：1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：quickquickly；politepolitely；sadsadly；immediateimmediately；recentrecently。2.少数以e结尾的形容词
2、，要去掉e再加-ly。如：truetruly；dueduly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：politepolitely；widewidely；wisewisely；nicenicely。3.以“y”结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：happyhappily；heavyheavily；angryangrily；busybusily；但是如果读音为/ai/，直接加ly，如：drydryly；slyslyly；shyshyly。4.以ic结尾的词，加ally，如：economiceconomically；basicbasically；scientif
3、icscientifically；automaticautomatically；energeticenergetically；但是publicpublicly例外。5.以辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y，如：simplesimply；considerableconsiderably；terribleterribly；gentlegently；possiblepossibly；probableprobably；incredibleincredibly。元音字母加le时加ly，如：solesolely。但是wholewholly例外。6.以-ll结尾时，只需加-y，如：dulldully；shril
4、lshrilly。需注意：有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly people；motherly care；lovely dog；monthly exam；heavenly peace。形容词和副词比较级的构成单音节词和少数双音节词比较级规则变化：规则原级比较级在词尾后直接加-er/esttalltaller词尾是e，只加-r/stnicenicer以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/esthappyhappier重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/estthinthinner其他双音节词或多音节词，在该词前面加-more：Beautiful
5、more beautiful；difficultmore difficult不规则变化：good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest1.（2020全国I卷）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.【答案】simply改为simple【解析】考查形容词。此处需用形容词修饰dish，故将simply改为simple。2.（2020全国II卷）Im surely youll have a g
6、ood time.【答案】surely改为sure【解析】考查形容词。由Im中am为系动词，后应加形容词作表语，故改surely为sure。3.（2020全国II卷）See you sooner.【答案】sooner改为soon【解析】考查副词。句意：稍后见。结合句意，可知此处需用副词原形，无比较概念，故改sooner为soon。4.（2019全国I卷）I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.【答案】interesting改为interested【解析】考查形容词。“interest（使感兴趣；使关
7、注）”的形容词有interesting（使人感兴趣的），常修饰物；与interested（表现出兴趣的）常修饰人。本句的意思为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。主语是I，故将interesting改为interested。5.（2019全国I卷）I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.【答案】hardly改为hard【解析】考查副词。“hard（努力地；费力地）”与“hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句意思为：我挡住了足球，并用力把它踢回操场。故将hardly改为hard。
8、6.（2019全国II卷）First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly【答案】coolly改为cool【解析】考查形容词。句中的“looked（看起来）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。7.（2019全国II卷）I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.【答案】too改为very/so【解析】考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想以后当一名老师。“so m
9、uch”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与that连用表示“如此以至于”。而“too much”表太多，一般与to搭配，表达否定意思“太以至于不能”。本句话表达肯定意思，非常so much或very much，故将too改为very/so。8.（2019全国II卷）One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.【答案】amazing改为amazed【解析】考查形容词。“amaze（使惊奇；使惊愕）”形容词形式有amazed（大为惊奇）与ama
10、zing（令人大为惊奇的）。本句话中主语为I，修饰人用-ed。故将amazing改为amazed。9.Sometimes a poem that seems bored on first reading becomes interesting with more readings.【答案】bored改为boring【解析】考查形容词。句意：有时候，一首乍读起来很无聊的诗，但多读几次，就会变得有趣起来。此处修饰“poem（诗）应用-ing结尾形容词。故bored改为boring。10.The embarrassing look on her face showed she hadnt expec
11、ted my arrival.【答案】embarrassing改为embarrassed【解析】考查形容词。句意：她脸上尴尬的表情表明她并没有预料到我的到来。根据句意可知此处修饰“she”指人应用-ed结尾形容词，故embarrassing改为embarrassed。【技巧点拨】1.形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词。2.-ing形式形容词修饰物，-ed形式形容词修饰人。3.使用原级一般有两种情况：当不进行比较时，在程度副词very，so，quite，too等后面的形容词或副词要用原级。例如：This box is too heavy. 这个箱子太重了。She speaks English very
12、 well. 她英语讲得很好。在“as.as”或“not as/so.as”结构中，虽有比较的意思，但形容词或副词要用原形。例如：This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。Jim is not as/so tall as Tom. 吉姆不如汤姆高。4.比较级：表示两者（人或事物）之间的比较A+形容词比较级+than+ BSusan is happier than Jane.His brother is younger than me.Beijing is more beautiful than Osaka.（形容词或副词前有much，a l
13、ot，a little，far，still，even等词时，要用比较级）This story is much more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个有趣的多。在比较级的句子中有“of the two”之类意义的词组时，比较级前要用定冠词the。Bill is the taller of the two boys. 比尔是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”（多音节词要用“more+and+more+原级”）。He is running faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。The city is becomin
14、g more and more beautiful. 这个城市变得越来越美了。the+比较级，the+比较级结构，表示“越，就越”The more I study it, the more I like it.which/who+is+比较级，A or B?表示“两个人或物中哪一个（谁）较？”Who is taller, Jim or Mike? 吉姆和迈克，谁个子较高？一、单句改错1.There are less boys than girls in our multi-culture association._【答案】less改成fewer【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：在我们跨文化交流协
15、会中，男孩比女孩少。boys和girls是可数名词，用few修饰，构造比较级用fewer。故less改成fewer。2.With my friends help, now I know very more about cultivation._【答案】very改为much/far/rather或者去掉very【解析】考查比较级修饰词。句意：因为朋友的帮助，现在我对耕种有了更多的了解。very不能修饰比较级，much/far/rather可以修饰比较级。故very改为much/far/rather或者去掉very。3.Not surprising, this type of exercise a
16、nd healthy diet can help you control your weight._【答案】surprising改为surprisingly【解析】考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个句子，且有逗号隔开，所以用副词，surprising改为surprisingly。4.I will purchase as more delicate a wallet as hers, if my salary increases by 15 percent._【答案】去掉more【解析】考查形容词原级比较。as.as.中间用原级。句意为：如果我的月薪增长15%，我就去买一支和她的一样精致的手表。故去掉
17、more。5.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together._【答案】earlier改为early【解析】考查副词原级。句意：他们经常早起给蔬菜浇水。本句中无比较对象，不需用比较级。故把earlier改成early。6. I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums._【答案】late改为latest【解析】考查形容词。“collecting th
18、e late music albums”意思是收藏最新的音乐专辑，而late意为“迟到的”，故把late改成latest（最新的）。7.A few months before, most of the digital cameras were equipped with focus lenses._【答案】before改为ago【解析】考查副词。句意：几个月前，很多数码相机装备的还是聚焦透镜。ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今以前”，需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距过去某时以前”，常和完成时连用。本句话使用的是一般过去时，时间指
19、的是从现在起之前的几个月前。故将before改为ago。8. With all these inventions and technology advancements, the future of the digital camera is brightly._【答案】brightly改为bright【解析】考查形容词。句意：随着这些发明和技术的进步，数码相机的未来一片光明。be动词后一般使用名词或形容词作表语，不用副词形式。故将brightly改为bright。9.Messages that we are not direct aware of are often the most pow
20、erful._【答案】direct改为directly【解析】考查副词。副词修饰形容词aware。10. General speaking, English is easy to understand and master._【答案】General改为Generally【解析】考查副词。句意：一般来说，英语容易理解，更好掌握。speak为动词，应使用副词Generally修饰。Generally speaking意为“一般来说”。故将General改为Generally。二、短文改错Passage 1Recently, a famous basketball player has caused
21、 public angry by writing on the Great Wall. In fact, this happens in many places of the interest in China. I had some suggestions to help solve this problem. My suggestions are as follows.First, making more posters to remind the public the damage of graffiti(涂鸦). Then, those who behave in so a bad m
22、anner must be given seriously punishment like a fine. However, I think its helpful to put up some boards along the tourist attractions which tourists can leave messages. Finally, what I am sure of is that with our efforts, more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.
23、【答案】1.第一句，angry改成anger2.第二句，去掉the3.第三句，had改成have4.第五句，making改成make5.第五句，在public后加of6.第六句，so改成such7.第六句，seriously改成serious8.第七句，However改成Besides9.第七句，which改成where10.第八句，concerning改成concerned【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者对于文化遗迹被破坏这一现象，提出了一些建议。1.考查名词。作句子的宾语，用名词，所以angry改成anger。2.考查固定短语。句意：事实上，这种情况在中国的许多名胜古迹都有发生。p
24、laces of interest即名胜古迹，该短语是固定短语，所以去掉the。3.考查时态。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以had改成have。4.考查祈使句。祈使句用动词原形，所以making改成make。5.考查固定用法。句意：首先，制作更多的海报来提醒公众涂鸦的危害。remind sb. of sth.：提醒某人某事，该用法是固定用法，所以public后面加of。6.考查常见用法。so之后接形容词，such后接名词，所以so改成such。7.考查形容词。该空修饰名词punishment，用形容词，所以seriously改成serious。8.考查副词。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点
25、周围设立一些公告牌是有帮助的，游客可以在上面留言。文中表示此外，所以However改成Besides。9.考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是some boards，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以which改成where。10.考查固定用法。句意：最后，我可以肯定的是，随着我们的努力，越来越多的人将会关注文化遗迹的保护。become concerned about：关注，该用法是固定用法，所以concerning改成concerned。Passage 2Last year, my friend and I went to visit the Yellow Mountain. We ca
26、rried two backpacks, that turned out to be pretty heavier for the hike. I was not an experiencing hiker and those endless steps make me want to return to the safe and comfortable ground. But my friend encouraged me great. “Look, the top is coming closer and closer. We are almost there.” I pulled me
27、together and kept going. After three-hour exhausting hike, and with wonderful sceneries on the way, we got to the top finally. For our pleasure, we also found a hotel that looked very much inviting.【答案】1.第二句，that改为which2.第二句，heavier改为heavy3.第三句，experiencing改为experienced4.第三句，make改为made5.第四句，great改为g
28、reatly6.第七句，me改为myself7.第八句，在After后加a8.第八句，sceneries改为scenery9.第九句，For改为To10.第九句，去掉much【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了去年，作者和朋友一起攀登黄山，作者一度想放弃，但是在朋友的鼓励下，最终到达了山顶。1.考查关系代词。分析句子可知，two backpacks为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故将that改成which。2.考查形容词。pretty修饰形容词原级。故将heavier改成heavy。3.考查形容词。experienced为形容词修饰名词hiker。故将exp
29、eriencing改成experienced。4.考查一般过去时。分析句子可知，整篇用的都是一般过去时，所以本句为一般过去时，故将make改成made。5.考查副词。greatly为副词修饰动词encourage。故great改成greatly。6.考查代词。主语与宾语表示同一个人，宾语用反身代词。主语为I，所以宾语为myself。故将me改成myself。7.考查冠词。hike为可数名词，此处表示泛指，表示经过一个三个小时的筋疲力尽的徒步旅行，且three-hour首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a。故After后加a。8.考查名词。scenery为不可数名词。故将sceneries改
30、成scenery.9.考查固定短语。to ones pleasure：令某人愉快的是，为固定短语。故将For改成To。10.考查副词。very为副词，直接修饰形容词inviting。故去掉much。Passage 3I cant wait to tell you the decision my parents had just made. They plan to give birth to a second child. How excited it is! Being the only child in the family, most teenagers like you grow up
31、 lonely, that does harm to our psychological health. However, things will change from now on. I am going to have a sibling to play. I will help my parents looking after my sibling when he/she is born, ensuring that he/she grows up happy with love and affection all around. However, I am afraid that I
32、 know little about how to take a good care of a baby and how to set a good example to him/her. I want to get some advices from you but I am looking forward to your early reply.【答案】1.第一句，had改为have2.第三句，excited改为exciting3.第四句，you改为me4.第四句，that改为which5.第六句，在play后加with6.第七句，looking改为look7.第七句，happy改为hap
33、pily8.第八句，去掉第一个a9.第九句，advices改为advice10.第九句，but改为and【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者的父母计划生二胎，作者很高兴自己将有一个兄弟姐妹和自己玩。但是作者不知道该如何帮助父母照顾好一个婴儿，也不知道如何树立好榜样。因此作者写信想要得到一些建议。1.考查动词时态。句意：我迫不及待地想告诉你我父母刚刚做出的决定。分析上文可知此处不存在“过去的过去”，故不能用过去完成时，应用现在完成时。故had改为have。2.考查形容词。此处表示这件事情令人兴奋，应用-ing结尾形容词做表语。故excited改exciting。3.考查代词。句意：作为家里的独生子女，大
34、多数像我这样的青少年是孤独长大的，这对我们的心理健康是有害的。此处指代作者也是独生子女，应用第一人称的宾格形式，故you改为me。4.考查定语从句关系词。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系词which。故that改为which。5.考查固定短语。句意：我将有一个弟弟或妹妹和我一起玩。固定短语play with sb.：和某人玩耍，故play后加with。6.考查固定短语。句意：我将帮助我的父母照顾我的弟弟或妹妹，当他/她出生，确保他/她在爱和充满爱的氛围下快乐地成长。固定短语help sb. do sth.：帮助某人做某事，故looking改为look。7.考查副词。此处修饰动词短语grow up应用副词，故happy改为happily。8.考查固定短语。固定短语take good care of sb.：照顾好某人，故去掉第一个a。9.考查名词。句意：我想从你那里得到一些建议，期待你的早日回复。advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故advices改为advice。10.考查连词。结合上下文语境可知上下文为承接关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。