1、陕西韩城市2016高考英语【二轮】阅读理解实战练习（3）及答案【2015高考复习】阅读理解If you exhibit positive characteristics such as honesty and helpfulness，the chances are that you will be thought as a goodlooking person，for a new study has found that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a persons personality.T
2、he study，which was led by Gary WLewandowski，has found that people who exhibit negative characteristics，such as unfairness and rudeness，appear to be less physically attractive to observers.In the study，the participants viewed photographs of oppositesex individuals and rated them for attractiveness be
3、fore and after being provided with information about their personalities.After personality information was received，participants also rated the probability of each individuals becoming a friend and a dating partner.Information on personality was found to significantly change the probability，showing
4、that cognitive (认知的) processes modify(修改)judgments of attractiveness.“Thinking a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind，”said Lewandowski.The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation
5、 of becoming friends，which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and，finally，to being viewed as more physically attractive.The findings remained consistent regardless of how“attractive”the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants current relationship status.“
6、This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness；it can even change peoples impressions of how goodlooking you are，”said Lewandowski.【语篇导读】据最新研究表明，一个人外表的吸引力会受到他性格的影响，一个拥有积极个性的人会被认为是最有吸引力的人。20In the study the partici
7、pants were required to_.Atry to make friends with each otherBtry to prove positive characters make people more attractiveCexhibit negative characters such as unfairness and rudenessDrate ones attractiveness by photos before and after knowing her or his personality答案 D 事实细节题。文章第二段最后一句In the study，the
8、 participants.rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities(参与者在得知照片人物的性格的前后分别对他们的吸引力做出评估)，故选D。21Whats the CORRECT order of how cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness?afind a person with a positive personalitybview the person
9、 more physically attractivecwant to make friends with the persondwant to be his/her romantic partnerAacdb BdcbaCcbad Dadcb答案 A 事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段a positive personality(a)leads to greater expectation of becoming friends(c)(积极的性格会产生做朋友的期待)，becoming friends，which leads to greater expectation of becoming r
10、omantic partners(d)(做朋友会产生成为恋爱伙伴的期待)，finally，to being viewed as more physically attractive(b)(最后会觉得对方更加有吸引力)，故选A。22Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?AThe research reminds people to pay more attention to the personality.BPersonality can change peoples impressions of ones appear
11、ance.CThe judgment of ones attractiveness always stays unchanged.DPositive personality may lead to more friends.答案 C 事实细节题。根据文章第一段中的the perception(认知)of physical attractiveness is influenced by a persons personality(一个人外表的吸引力受到他性格的影响)，或最后一段中的it can even change peoples impressions of how goodlooking
12、you are(这甚至能够改变一个人对你有多好看的看法)可知对一个人吸引力的判断是会改变的，不是一成不变的(unchanged)，故C选项的说法不对，选C。23The passage is written in a(n)_tone.Asubjective BobjectiveCsceptical Dnegative答案 B 推理判断题。文章客观介绍了一个实验的结果，作者的语气是objective(客观的)。subjective主观的，sceptical怀疑的，negative消极的，均不符合文章的描述。24Who are the intended readers of this passage
13、?APeople with positive characteristics.BGoodlooking people.CPeople with negative characteristics.DGeneral people.答案 D 推理判断题。本文是对一个实验的客观介绍，目标读者就是普通群众(general people)，故选D。2016高考英语阅读理解-历史类 Everybody hates it, but everybody does it. A recent report said that 40of Americans hate tipping. In America alone
14、, tipping is a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting politely ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The common opinion in the past was that tips both rewarded the efforts of good service and reduced uncomfortable feelings of inequ
15、ality. And also, tipping makes for closer relations. It went without saying that the better the service, the bigger the tip. But according to a new research from Cornell University, tips no longer serve any useful function. The paper analyzes numbers they got from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different
16、 restaurants. The connection between larger tips and better service was very weak. Only a tiny part of the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Tipping is better explained, by culture than by the money people spend. In America, the custom came into being a long time ago. I
17、t is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In New York restaurants, failing to tip at least l5% could well mean dissatisfaction from the customers. Hairdressers can expect to get l5%-20%, and the man who delivers your fast food $2. In Europe, tipping is less common. In many restaurants
18、 the amount of tip is decided by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. Only a few have really taken to tipping. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers author, countries in which people are more social or outgoing tend to tip more. Tippi
19、ng may reduce anxiety about being served by strangers. And Mr. Lynn says, “In America, where people are expressive and eager to mix up with others, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.【小题1】 This passage is mainly about _.
20、 Adifferent kinds of tipping in different countriesBthe relationship between tipping and customCthe origin and present meaning of tippingDmost American people hate tipping【小题2】Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase caught on? Abecome popular.Bbeen hated.Cbeen stopped.Dbeen permit
21、ted【小题3】Among the following situations, in your opinion, who is likely to tip most? AA Frenchman just quarreled with the barber who did his hair badly in New York.BAn American just had a wonderful dinner in a well known restaurant in New York.CA Japanese businessman asked for a pizza delivery from a
22、 Pizza Hut in New York.DA Chinese student enjoyed his meal in a famous fast food restaurant in New York.【小题4】We can infer from this passage that _. Atipping is no longer a good way to satisfy some customers themselvesBtipping is especially popular in New YorkCtipping in America can make service bett
23、er nowDtipping has something to do with peoples character 2016高考英语阅读理解-历史类Baths and bathing have long been considered of medical importance to man. In Greece there are the ruins of a water system for baths built over 3,000 years ago. The Romans had warm public baths. In some baths, as many 3,000 per
24、sons could bathe at the same time. Treating disease by taking bathing has been popular for centuries. Modern medical bathing first became popular in Europe and by the late 1700s has also become popular in the United States. For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for ones health. Ordi
25、nary bathing just to keep clean was avoided , and perfume was often used to cover up body smells! By the 1700s doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health. They believed that it was good for people to be clean. Slowly, people began to bathe more frequently. During the Victorian Age
26、 of the late 19th century, taking a bath on Saturday night became common. In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans were known as “The Great Unwashed!” In one American city , for example, a person was only allowed to ta
27、ke a bath every thirty days! That was a law! Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit. People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health, Doctors know that dirty bodies increase the chance of diseases. As a result, in the United States, people generally bathe often. Some
28、people bathe once a day at least. They consider a daily bath essential to good health.【小题1】A water system for baths was built by _ over 3,000 years ago. Athe Romans Bthe GreeksCthe AmericansDthe Europeans【小题2】Dirty bodies can_. Aruin ones businessBcause diseaseCdrive customers awayDcause good health
29、【小题3】 In the 18th century doctors believed that being clean was_. AunimportantBgood for healthCharmfulDimportant【小题4】The underlined word perfume probably means_. Aa sweet smelling substanceBgood healthCa strange smelling substanceDlarge wealth阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Taxi, the unde
30、rground, drivingin London these means of transport are expensive. As a student on a budget, I couldnt afford the 30 pounds (around 300 yuan) fare for a taxi. Even a bus was one pound and 20 pence (about 12 yuan) for a single ticket. I didnt need to travel this way anyway. I had Mabel- my London bike
31、. When I moved to Beijing, like every foreigner, I was delighted to discover I could take a cab for cheaper than a single journey on the subway. But something was wrong. I missed Mabel. That was when I met Mandarin Mabel also known as Mandy, my Beijing bike. In many ways, Beijing is made for: It is
32、a flat, easy land compared with hilly London. The cycling citys north/south/east/west square structure is also easier to travel than Londons unplanned, twisting streets. However, Beijing comes completely with its own dangers. The rules of the road areflexible. Bikes, cars, passers-by all float up an
33、d down ways in both directions. Compared with Londons terrible cycle paths, in Beijing, every road has huge, wide cycle ways. But cars, taxis and motorbikes see no reason why they shouldnt use the cycle ways as a shortcut, and why they shouldnt announce you to get out of their way when they do. Beij
34、ing traffic is more good-natured. In London, the road is an active war. People shout, quarrel and beat on each others windows. In Beijing zone, drivers never get actively angry. In fact, often they ignore cyclists. Obviously that means its up to the cyclists to see them. Mandy is a tree Beijing bike
35、. It is nearly broken, it makes loud noises every time you ride on it, and I have had to make several emergency repair stops for it. But cycling round Beijing on a sunny day is a joy. It is just me, Mandy and the city.41. What can we conclude from the first paragraph?A. Bicycles are the most popular
36、 means of transport in London.B. To save money, the author used travel around by bus in London.C. The expense of public transport makes some people want to buy a bike.D. The author didnt travel around London because of lacking a bike.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据Taxi, the underground, drivingin London these mea
37、ns of transport are expensive.乘坐其他的公共交通费用是高的，所以一些人想要买自行车，故选C。42. What does the author think of cycling around Beijing?A. The citys twisting streets make it hard for the rider to find the way. B. Cars, taxis and motorbikes on the cycle lane pose a threat to cyclists. C. With the flat land and wide cy
38、cle lanes, its safer to cycle in Beijing than in London.D. Cycling in Bejing is safe because of its flexible rules.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据However, Beijing comes completely with its own dangers. But cars, taxis and motorbikes see no reason why they shouldnt use the cycle ways as a shortcut汽车、出租车和摩托车占用自行车的车
39、道对骑自行车的人造成了危险，故选B。43. What can we infer from the article?A. In the authors view, Beijing drivers drive more safely.B. In London, cars, taxis and motorbikes are allowed to use the cycle paths.C. People in London follow the traffic rules more closely than those in Beijing.D. Mandy breaks down so easil
40、y that it makes the author miss her London bike Mabel.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据In London, the road is an active war. People shout, quarrel and beat on each others windows. In Beijing zone, drivers never get actively angry. In fact, often they ignore cyclists. Obviously that means its up to the cyclists to s
41、ee them.可推出在伦敦的人比北京人更加遵守交通规则，故选C。44. The reason why drivers in Beijing seldom get angry is that_.A. the cycle ways are fiatB. they care little about cyclistsC. they can even drive on the cycle waysD. people in Beijing dont often ride bikes 【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据In fact, often they ignore cyclists.因为开车的人很
42、少关心骑自行车的人，故选B。45. What does the article mainly talk about?A. To tell us what makes the author love cycling. B. To compare cycling in Beijing with that in London.C. To introduce the differences between Mabel and Mandy. D. To explain why Beijing is made for cycling.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。纵观短文的内容可知对于在北京与在伦敦骑自行车的情况作了比较，故选B。
