1、大题提分练2阅读理解之细节理解题(二)限时30分钟(提示：请利用阅读理解解题技巧14巧解本练习中的加黑的小题)A(原创)体裁：记叙文主题语境：生活与学习难度：American Anai Espinoza is in the eighth grade. This summer, she took part in a summer dance program called AileyCamp. Each morning, she and other campers would say several phrases together. Her favorite is this: “I am in
2、control.” Espinoza said, “It makes me believe I have the power to choose the right thing.”AileyCamp was created in 1989 in Kansas City, Missouri by worldfamous dancer and director Alvin Ailey. About 1,000 students in 10 US states take part in AileyCamp every year. It is a free, sixweek program aimed
3、 at young people in financial need or who have school, social or family difficulties.In addition to dance, the camp introduces students to visual arts, creative writing and other communication skills. It also teaches them how to eat well, solve conflicts and become leaders, notes the camps website.D
4、ianne Caroll Sales directs the AileyCamp in Atlanta, Georgia. When the camp over, the citys professional ballet company offers 10 students a fulltuition scholarship for a year of training. The scholarship can be renewed.Kameron Davis received one of those scholarships when he was a young man. He tra
5、ined with the Atlanta Ballet for three years. Then he became a dance teacher. Davis said he did not think his mother could have paid for dance classes without the scholarship.Davis said children at school made fun of him when he began dancing. AileyCamp, he said, offered him a safe place and increas
6、ed his confidence. Today, he enjoys giving back to the program by helping new campers build their confidence, too.“Its an open door to finding new things, doing new things，” Davis said. “When I got to AileyCamp, it just reassured me that, Hey, its okay. Everybody is different. You shouldnt be judged
7、 by what you do just because not a lot of people do it.”【语篇解读】AileyCamp，是一个夏令营舞蹈项目，提供营员免费的培训课程，不仅教授舞蹈，而且教授沟通技巧和视觉艺术等课程，同时这个课程还能增强营员的自信。好词积累be aimed at 旨在； in control 在控制中1According to the passage, who set up AileyCamp?A. Dianne Caroll Sales. B. Alvin Ailey.C. Anai Espinoza. D. Kameron Davis.答案与解析B直接
8、信息理解题。由第二段第一句“AileyCamp was created in 1989 in Kansas City, Missouri by worldfamous dancer and director Alvin Ailey.”可知，AileyCamp是由Alvin Ailey创建的。2From the passage, what can we learn about AileyCamp?A. It is intended to help those in need.B. Not all campers can take part in it for free.C. It offers
9、courses on dance and arts.D. It can boost campers confidence.答案与解析D间接信息理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，AileyCamp 增强了Davis的自信，他也通过帮助营员增强自信，回报这个项目，由此推知该项目可以增强自信，故D项正确。3What does the underlined word “reassured” in the last paragraph mean?A. Reminded. B. Comforted.C. Informed. D. Excited.答案与解析B词义猜测题。倒数第二段中提到，Davis 上学
10、时受他人嘲笑，但是参加这个夏令营却增强了他的自信，所以，他想到“人人不同”，这让他倍感安慰， 由此可知画线词reassured与comforted意义一致，故B项正确。B(2019青岛三模)体裁：记叙文主题语境：社会与文化难度：IM. Pei, a ChineseAmerican, who was regarded as one of the last great modernist architects, has died at the age of 102.Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be
11、remembered for a European project: His redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s. He gave us the glass and metal pyramid in the main courtyard, along with three smaller pyramids and a vast subterranean (地下的) addition to the museum entrance.Pei was the first foreign architect to work o
12、n the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the Frenchand everyone elsewere won over. Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as giving the 20th century “some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms .
13、His_talent_and_skill_in_the_use_of_materials_ approach_the_level_of_poetry.”After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.Designing the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 establis
14、hed him as a name. His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed peoples ideas of a museum. The site was an odd trapezoid (梯形) shape. Peis solution was to cut it in two. The resulting building was dramatic, light and elegantone of the first crowdpleasing cathedrals o
15、f modern art.Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.In person, IM. Pei was goodhumored, charming and unusual
16、ly modest. His working process was evolutionary, but innovation (创新) was never an intended goal.“Stylistic originality is not my purpose，” he said. “I want to find the originality in the time, the place and the problem.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了享誉世界的现代主义建筑大师之一贝聿铭。好词积累crowdpleasing adj. 令人喜爱的； be regar
17、ded/thought as 被认为是4What can we learn about the result of redevelopment of the Louvre Museum?A. It was criticized by the French.B. It was a success.C. It made the Louvre Museum looks strange.D. It changed the function of the Louvre Museum.答案与解析B间接信息理解题。根据文章第三段“Pei was the first foreign architect to
18、work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the Frenchand everyone elsewere won over.”贝聿铭是卢浮宫悠久历史上的第一位外国建筑师，最初他的设计遭到强烈反对。但最终，法国人，以及全世界，都被(他的精妙设计)折服。从而可以推测，卢浮宫博物馆重建非常成功。故选B。5What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?A. H
19、e is a master in applying materials.B. He is skilled in writing poems.C. He often combines poetry and construction.D. He gets inspiration from poetry in designing.答案与解析A句意猜测题。根据文章第三段“His talent and skill in the use of materials approach the level of poetry.”中的关键词talent and skill和the use of materials
20、可知，此句字面含义为：他在使用(建筑)材料方面的才华和技艺达到了诗一般的境界，即他是应用材料方面的专家。故。6Whats the correct order of the following events?a. Design the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum.b. Study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard.c. Design the National Gallery of Art.d. Win the fifth Pri
21、tzker Architecture Prize.A. a，b，c，d B. b，a，c，d C. b，c，a，d D. d，a，c，d答案与解析B细节排序题。根据文章第四段“After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.”可知，1955年，贝聿铭在麻省理工学院和哈佛大学学习建筑学；第五段中的“Designing the John F. Kenne
22、dy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 established him as a name.”1964年，贝聿铭设计了约翰肯尼迪总统图书馆和博物馆；“His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed peoples ideas of a museum.” 1978年设计了华盛顿国家美术馆东馆；第三段中的“Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as
23、 giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms .” 贝聿铭于 1983 年获得普利兹克建筑奖。故B项为正确的事情的发展顺序。7What can we learn about IM. Pei?A. Innovation was his first goal in design.B. He was talented and serious.C. He preferred western style to the east.D. He liked simple geometric
24、 shapes.答案与解析D间接信息理解题。根据文章第六段“Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.”可知，贝聿铭设计的建筑物基于简单几何形状排列的形式而闻名，从而推断出，他喜欢
25、简单的几何形状。故选D。C(2020届合肥高三模拟)体裁：议论文主题语境：学校生活难度：Much of the public debate around early childhood education comes down to which matters more: academics or play. Thats a false dilemma. Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key. Its a way that they experience the world, an
26、d it helps them learn more deeply.We should be concerned that the “skill and drill” approach to teaching academics is most frequently used in classrooms serving atrisk preschoolers, in an attempt to close the gap on school readiness. Unfortunately, these teaching methods can turn young kids off to s
27、chool and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety. “Skill and drill” doesnt teach kids the curiosity and critical (批判的) thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.However, pure free playan approach advocated more frequently by wealthier groupsalso misses_the_mark. “I hear a
28、 lot about just free play classrooms. ” But Suzanne Bouffard, an education researcher, said if it only involves setting out materials and not thinking about learning goals, theres a real missed opportunity. “For example，” she said. “researchers have found that children used more complex language abo
29、ut building activities when they had a goal in mind.”What effective preschools aim for is “guided play”， in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore. For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids. They may
30、 ask students, “What are you doing？” and gently push kids thinking by offering new information.Of course, the ability to find this balance rests with teachers. Good teachers make it look really easy. Thats why its really important that we invest (投入) in teachers and give them the training to guide p
31、lay without overly controlling it and to encourage kids to develop an understanding of letters and numbers without “skill and drill”【语篇解读】早期幼儿教育被称为孩子教育的黄金时期，长久以来围绕着是“学”还是“玩”的争论一直困扰着人们。文章认为传统的以技能训练为目的的方式扼杀了儿童的创造力和批判思维，而单纯无目标的玩耍也不能正确培养孩子。早期教育的关键是在教师指导下的玩耍。8Which of the following matters most in early
32、childhood education?A. Having guided play. B. Learning after play.C. Seeing the world. D. Studying academic courses.答案与解析A直接信息理解题。根据第一段中的“Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key.”可知，玩耍是幼儿学习的重要形式，关键的玩耍形式是由教师指导的游戏活动。故A项。9What do we know about the “skill and drill” a
33、pproach?A. It works best for preschoolers. B. It helps develop kids curiosity.C. It limits kids development. D. It bridges the gap on school readiness.答案与解析C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Skill and drill doesns teach kids the curiosity and critical (批判的) thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.”
34、可知，以技能训练为首要目的的幼教方式扼杀了幼儿的好奇心和批判思维能力，限制了幼儿的成长。故C项正确。10Which of following best explains “misses the mark” underlined in Paragraph 3?A. Meets learning goals. B. Loses points in exams.C. Troubles the classroom. D. Fails to achieve the goal.答案与解析D词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“said if it only involves setting out materia
35、ls and not thinking about learning goals, theres a real missed opportunity.”可知，单纯让孩子自己玩而不考虑学习目标的话，就会丧失真正教育的良机。由此推知，misses the mark “未能实现目标”。故D项正确。11Why does a teacher put up pictures of buildings?A. To encourage the kids to copy. B. To offer extra information.C. To share the teaching purpose with th
36、e kids. D. To inspire the kids to explore.答案与解析D直接信息理解题。根据第四段中的“What effective preschools aim for . a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids.”可知，在有教师指导的游戏活动中，教师创设出一个有目标的游戏环境来鼓励学生自由探索。例如，在幼儿搭建积木时，教师可能会张贴建筑物的照片来激发幼儿。故D项正确。加练阅读七选五(2019东北三省四校四模)体裁：说明文主题语境：现代技术难度： “Mirror, mirror on t
37、he wall, whos the fairest of them all？” Old tales tell a seemingly unbelievable story of a mysterious mirror, but modern technology has secretly turned the magic into reality. In August, police caught criminal suspects who attended Chinese singer Jacky Cheungs concerts. How did the police pick out t
38、he suspects among thousands of screaming fans? The lowkey (低调的) yet powerful tool is entering the world of Chinas top investors and startup (创业) companies.How does AI facial recognition work?Facial recognition is a technology capable of identifying a person from a digital image or a frame from a vid
39、eo source. But on the whole, they work by comparing selected facial features from given images with faces within a database.Facial recognition technology has been traditionally associated with the security section but today there is active expansion into other industries including retail, marketing
40、and finance. In terms of security, AI cameras have been installed in cities to work day and night to help recognize wanted criminals. It is a most efficient security means in opening a bank account, transferring money, shopping and paying online because it is a most convenient tool.What will the fut
41、ure of AI be like?In general, prospects for the application of AI are bright for many. In the future, everybody will be able to use AI. Therefore, the number of fields that it can be applied to is incomparable. Chinese startups have seen its potential to simplify and speed up routine tasks. And the
42、market is now booming, crowded and competitive.A. It also has some drawbacks.B. Where is AI facial recognition applied?C. Why is AI facial recognition convenient?D. It will soon become a basic tool for work and life.E. AI can bring convenience to the finance section as well.F. There are many ways in
43、 which facial recognition systems work.G. Well, the mysterious helping hand is AI facial recognition technology.答案与解析【语篇解读】张学友的演唱会上警察用人工智能安保人像识别功能抓捕了一名网上在逃犯。人脸识别是人工智能学科中发展最为快速的一个分支，本文介绍了人脸识别的工作原理、广泛用途及人工智能的未来。好词积累be capable of 能够； on the whole 基本上；大体上1G根据空前一句“警察是如何从成千上万尖叫的粉丝中辩认出嫌犯来的呢？”可知，设空处是对该问题的回答
44、。故G项“这个神秘的帮手就是人工智能人脸识别技术”符合语境。故G项正确。2F根据本段小标题“人工智能如何识别人脸”可知，F项“人脸识别系统有很多方法”符合语境。F项中的work与小标题中的work属于原词复现。故F项正确。3B设空处为段落小标题，由上下段小标题用特殊疑问句的形式可将答案锁定在B、C两项。根据本段第一句中的“today there is active expansion into other industries”可知，本段讲述的是人脸识别的广泛用途。故B项正确。4E根据空后一句“因为人脸识别是一种非常方便的工具，所以它在开户、转账、购物和在线支付方面成为了一种非常有效的安全手段”可知，E项“人工智能也会在经济方面给人们带来便利”与下文呼应，其中convenience与convenient前后呼应。故E项正确。5D根据本段小标题“人工智能的未来是怎样的”及空前一句“未来每个人都能学会使用人工智能”可知，设空处与以后人工智能的发展有关，故D项“它很快就会成为工作和生活的基本工具”符合语境。故D项正确。
