1、专题强化训练(七).语法填空A(2019河北保定高三期末考试)Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the worlds great cities are located on rivers and almost every country has at least one river 1._(flow) through it, which plays an important part in the lives of 2._(it) people.Since the beginning of histo
2、ry, people 3._(use) rivers for transportation. The Yellow River and Changjiang River play a large role in China. The Mississippi, the 4._(long) one in the United States ever influenced the American people 5._(great) in history. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. Rivers provide fresh water 6._ drink,
3、 grow crops, make electricity and chances to have fun for those 7._ live along their banks.8_ the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the river water is severely being polluted. It urges all countries to make 9._(decide) and take immediate action to stop it from 10._(pollute) any
4、more.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。以密西西比河为例介绍了河流对人们的生活有重要作用，但随着城市规模的扩大和工业数量的增加，河流受到了严重的污染，所有国家应该行动起来阻止河流继续受到污染。1解析考查非谓语动词。句意：每个国家都至少有一条河流经其国土，这在其人民的生活中扮演重要角色。river与flow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填flowing。答案flowing2解析考查代词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词people用形容词性物主代词，故填its。答案its3解析考查时态。句意：自古以来，人们就利用河流作为交通工具。时间状语Since the beginning
5、 of history表明此处使用现在完成时，故填have used。答案have used4解析考查形容词。句意：密西西比河是美国最长的河流，它在历史上对美国人民产生了巨大的影响。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级，故填longest。答案longest5解析考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词influenced用副词，故填greatly。答案greatly6解析考查不定式。句意：河流为沿岸居民提供了饮用、种植庄稼和娱乐的机会。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to。答案to7解析考查定语从句。句意参考上题解析，先行词为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。答
6、案who/that8解析考查状语从句。句意：随着城市规模的扩大和工业数量的增加，河流受到了严重的污染。此处表示“随着”，故填As。答案As9解析考查名词。句意：它敦促所有国家做出决定并立即开始行动以阻止它受到污染。作make的宾语用名词，decision是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填decisions。答案decisions10解析考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，介词from后接动名词作宾语，it与pollute之间是被动关系，故填being polluted。答案being pollutedB(2019内蒙古赤峰二中月考)Xuan paper, known as one of the
7、 Four Treasures of Study, first came into 1._ (exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper 2._ hand has been passed down through generations. The process takes as many as 108 steps, all of 3._ require a level of delicacy.Take papermaking master Zhou Dongh
8、ong, for example. He uses a fine screen to filter(过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and its a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds 4._ (form) and shape it, but theyve devoted 5._(them) to perfecting the skills for decades.“There are a lot of tricks of filteri
9、ng the fibers, and timing is 6._(difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin for error is 7._ (extreme) small，”said Zhou. With just the right degree of thicknes
10、s, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly.The skill of papermaking, 8._(recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt 9._ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage(非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingx
11、ian County, Xuan papermaking 10._(teach) in schools.语篇解读：本文介绍宣纸的发明经历。2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。1解析考查固定词组。come into existence“产生，开始存在”，故填existence。答案existence2解析考查固定搭配。by hand“用手，手工”，故填by。答案by3解析考查定语从句。句意：这个过程需要多达108个步骤，所有这些步骤都需要一定程度的精致。此处steps作先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺少主语，all of which作主语，故填which。答案
12、which4解析考查固定句式。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间”，可知填to form。答案to form5解析考查固定结构。devote oneself to“献身于”，故填themselves。答案themselves6解析考查形容词最高级。根据of all可知此处是形容词最高级，故填the most difficult。答案the most difficult7解析考查副词。副词修饰形容词，故填extremely。答案extremely8解析考查非谓语动词。 此处是过去分词作后置定语，故填recognized。答案recogniz
13、ed9解析考查冠词。句意：2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。也就是我们有一种自豪感。故填a。答案a10解析考查时态。Since then是现在完成时的标志，Xuan papermaking 和teach之间是被动关系，所以句子用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been taught。答案has been taught.短文改错(2019吉林长春实验中学开学考试)After school, as usual, I went back home. On the bus, I find a woman with a cute baby standing be
14、sides me and having difficulty holding on to the grab pole. In spite my own exhaustion, I rose from my seat and gave them away without hesitation to her and the baby. She thanked me several times sincerely, that made me feel extremely proud. I was realized my little favor could real make a differenc
15、e to a person who was badly in need of it. Arrived home, I almost forgot my tiredness. I was lost in happinesses because I did a little for a stranger and I gained a lot.答案After school, as usual, I went back home. On the bus, I a woman with a cute baby standing me and having difficulty holding on to
16、 the grab pole. In spite my own exhaustion, I rose from my seat and gave away without hesitation to her and the baby. She thanked me several times sincerely, made me feel extremely proud. I realized my little favor could make a difference to a person who was badly in need of it. home, I almost forgo
17、t my tiredness. I was lost in because I did a little for a stranger I gained a lot.阅读理解(2019河南省中原名校高考预测金卷)I visited Copenhagen for the first time last Easter. As a student，Im always strapped for cash，so I assumed I could only afford to breathe the air but luckily everything about Copenhagen is breat
18、htaking.I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground. One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn, or“round tower”built in the 17th century as an astronomical observatory. It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of stairs big enough for horses to use) that w
19、ent on and on. As I was going up, I stopped to visit the towers library hall. At the top, theres a glass platform that gives a view 80foot straight down, as well as a bell loft. Luckily, the views over Copenhagen from the top were well worth the climb.After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet F
20、ortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding aroundbut sitting there and hearing the lapping waves of the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to set, was an unforgettable and calming experience.The next day, I vis
21、ited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits. I looked into the marble eyes of many Roman gods, and walked down dimly lit staircases to see mummies from Egypt.Before I unwillingly boarded the train back to the airport, I told myself that I must visit againto experience the thrills of
22、Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street food and everything else from this amazing city.语篇解读：本文是一篇游记。作者主要介绍了自己去哥本哈根的穷游经历。1Why did the author rent a bike?ABecause she loved to ride a bike.BBecause she didnt afford to rent a car.CBecause she found nowhere to rent other vehicles.DBecause she wanted to s
23、ee as many attractions as possible.解析细节理解题。由第二段中“I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground.”可知，作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选D。答案D2What did the author find difficult at the Kastellet Fortress?AFinding a sitting place.BWaiting for the sun to set.CListening to the sound o
24、f waves.DHaving a photo taken with a statue.解析细节理解题。由第三段中“After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around”可知，在Kastellet Fortress，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍照，因为人太多了，故选D。答案D3Which
25、 of the following didnt the author visit?ARundetaarn. BTivoli Gardens.CGlyptotek art museum. DLittle Mermaid Statue.解析细节理解题。此题询问作者没有参观过的地方，使用排除法。由“One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn”，排除A；由“The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits.”排除C；由“After c
26、oming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue.”排除D，故选B。答案B4What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo remember a holiday.BTo introduce a new attraction.CTo share her travel experience.DTo show her love of Copenhagen.解析写作意图题。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以
27、作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选C。答案C.完形填空(2019山东青岛二中模块考试)Eliza worked in an office with twenty other people, and she liked her job. Getting ahead in her career wasnt _1_ to her. But she suddenly changed _2_ the promotion of her friend and coworker Betty who couldnt have gotten the _3_ if Eliza had tried to.
28、 In the eyes of the other coworkers, Betty was _4_ cheerful, hardworking and ambitious, while Eliza was lowkey and easygoing.Before Betty got the promotion, Eliza had been satisfied with her _5_， even if she had not been _6_ happy. But once Betty was made head, Eliza began to fill up with resentment
29、(怨恨) and she disliked her job and _7_ Betty. Finally she developed a big mistake _8_ she was filled with anger all the time. Eliza began to see Betty as the source of all her problems, and she _9_ to remember that she had not particularly wanted the promotion anyway. Now she just thought that it sho
30、uld be hers. Instead of _10_ herself to see what her real goal was in life, she tried to _11_ how to trap Betty and regarded Betty as her enemy. Eliza became _12_ focused on her resentment, and she couldnt get out of the _13_ situation.One of the major problems with resentment is that you _14_ that
31、your anger is completely caused by others. You _15_ looking for what you can do to improve your situation, because you decide that your _16_ feelings are the result of someone elses fault. You give up trying to find real _17_ to solve your problem. Dealing with resentment needs _18_. Because of that
32、, you are able to have a clear mind so that you can admit you are feeling resentful. Then try hard to force yourself _19_ ready to be less resentful. You believe you are to blame for resentment, and you actively look for the way that can _20_ the problem in your life.语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者描述了Eliza因为朋友的
33、工作晋升而心生怨恨，时时刻刻想为难别人。通过这个故事告诉我们不要在别人身上找原因，而应该去发现自己的不足。1A.ordinary BimportantCsimpleDchallenging解析考查形容词。A.ordinary“普通的；正常的”；B.important“重要的”；C.simple“简单的”；D.challenging“挑战性的”。根据下文描述while Eliza was lowkey and easygoing.可知她认为工作不重要。故选B。答案B2A.duringBbeforeCuntilDafter解析考查介词。A.during“在期间”；B.before“在以前”；C.u
34、ntil“直到才”；D.after“在之后”。句意：但是在她的好朋友兼同事Betty晋升之后，她突然改变了，如果Eliza努力的话，Betty是不可能得到这个机会的。故选D。答案D3A.chanceBagreementCprizeDbusiness解析考查名词。A.chance“机会”；B.agreement“同意”；C.prize“奖赏”；D.business“生意”。这里指Betty得到晋升的“机会”，故选A。答案A4A.alwaysBsometimesCseldomDnever解析考查副词。A.always“总是；一直”；B.sometimes“有时”；C.seldom“几乎不”；D.n
35、ever“从不”。根据上文Betty得到了晋升，可知她“一直”是快乐、勤奋和有上进心的。故选A。答案A5A.partnerBworkCteammatesDleader解析考查名词。A.partner“伙伴”；B.work“工作”；C.teammates“同队伙伴”；D.leader“领导人”。根据下文But once Betty was made head, Eliza began to fill up with resentment(怨恨) and she disliked her job的描述，可知Eliza以前对自己的工作还满意。故选B。答案B6A.mainlyBperfectlyCex
36、actlyDextremely解析考查副词。A.mainly“主要地”；B.perfectly“完美地”；C.exactly“确切地”；D.extremely“极其地”。句意：在Betty晋升之前，Eliza对自己的工作还满意，尽管不是极其满意。故选D。答案D7A.supportedBdisclosedChatedDforced解析考查动词。A.supported“支持”；B.disclosed“揭露”；C.hated“憎恨”；D.forced“强迫”。根据上文Eliza began to fill up with resentment(怨恨)的描述，可知她“讨厌”Betty。故选C。答案C8
37、A.becauseBifCbutDwhile解析考查连词。A.because“因为”；B.if“如果”；C.but“但是”；D.while“当时”。下文“她一直充满了愤怒”与上文“终于她酿成了大错”是因果关系，故选A。答案A9A.decidedBstartedCmanagedDfailed解析考查动词。A.decided“决定”；B.started“开始”；C.managed“管理；尝试”；D.failed“失败”。句意：她不记得她曾经无论如何都不想要晋升。fail to do sth.“没能做某事”。故选D。答案D10A.noticingBwarningCpersuadingDensurin
38、g解析考查动词。A.noticing“注意到”；B.warning“警告”；C.persuading“劝说”；D.ensuring“确认；确定”。句意：她不是让自己确定自己真正的生活目标是什么，反而努力想要如何为难Betty，把她当成了敌人。故选D。答案D11A.get atBdeal withCfigure outDmake up解析考查动词短语。A.get at“理解”；B.deal with“处理”；C.figure out“想出；解决”；D.make up“组成；编造”。这里指她努力想要如何为难Betty，故选C。答案C12A.partlyBcompletelyCfinallyDusu
39、ally解析考查副词。A.partly“部分地”；B.completely“完全地”；C.finally“最终地”；D.usually“通常”。句意：她完全集中在怨恨上。故选B。答案B13A.strangeBboringCfunnyDdangerous解析考查形容词。A.strange“奇怪的”；B.boring“无聊的”；C.funny“有趣的”；D.dangerous“危险的”。根据上文可知Eliza心里只有怨恨，因此她这种状态是很“危险的”。故选D。答案D14A.doubtBanalyzeCbelieveDfind解析考查动词。A.doubt“怀疑”；B.analyze“分析”；C.be
40、lieve“相信；认为”；D.find“找到”。句意：怨恨的一个主要问题就是你认为你的愤怒完全是由他人造成的。故选C。答案C15A.mindBstopCenjoyDkeep解析考查动词。A.mind“介意”；B.stop“停止”；C.enjoy“欣赏；享受”；D.keep“保持”。句意：你不去找出你能做些什么来改善你的境况。故选B。答案B16A.negativeBinspiringCchildishDsocial解析考查形容词。A.negative“负面的；消极的”；B.inspiring“鼓舞人心的”；C.childish“孩子气的”；D.social“社会的；社交的”。对他人的怨恨应该是一
41、种“消极的”感觉。故选A。答案A17A.detailsBeffectsCsolutionsDcauses解析考查名词。A.details“细节”；B.effects“效果”；C.solutions“方法；办法”；D.causes“原因”。根据下文to solve your problem(解决问题)，可知此处应该是指“方法，办法(solution)”。故选C。答案C18A.freedomBcalmnessCexperimentDcourage解析考查名词。A.freedom“自由”；B.calmness“冷静”；C.experiment“实验”；D.courage“勇气”。句意：对待怨恨需要冷静。故选B。答案B19A.luckilyBhurriedlyCtrulyDstrongly解析考查副词。A.luckily“幸运地”；B.hurriedly“匆忙地”；C.truly“真实地”；D.strongly“强烈地”，句意：然后努力强迫自己真正地做好准备不那么憎恨。故选C。答案C20A.solveBavoidCpredictDface解析考查动词。A.solve“解决”；B.avoid“避免”；C.predict“预测”；D.face“面对”。句意：你主动地寻找能够解决你生活中的问题的方式。故选A。答案A
