1、专题十四 主旨要义【3年模拟】Passage1TheyearIturnedfifty,Iresolvedtodosomethingneweveryday.However,balancing365newthingswithworkandfamily,whilestillmanagingtodothelaundryandgetdinneronthetableeverynight,wasnotalwayseasy.Intheearlyweeksoftheproject,Ifounditdifficulttofindsomanynewthings.Itwasntlongbeforemyfriendsl
2、earnedthatIwasopentoalmostanythingIcouldconsideranewthing,andtheinvitationsbeganpouringinnotjustfromfriends,butfriendsoffriends.Asaresult,mylifewasnew.Iwentdogsledding.IattendedaFashionWeekfashionshow.IwenttonumerouslecturesonallkindsoftopicsthatIneverwouldhavepreviouslyconsideredusefulorinteresting
3、andfoundsomethingtoappreciateineverysingleone.IevensignedupimmediatelywhenlearningaboutalocalgrouptryingtogetintotheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsbydoingsomethingunusual.Astimewentby,wheneverIlearnedaboutsomethingthatseemedremarkable,IdidwhatIcouldtopursueit.Insteadof “Why”,Ibegantoask “Whynot”.NowIfind
4、itiseasiertojustkeepmyeyesopentothepossibilitiesthatsurroundedme.Itturnsoutthattherewerenewthingseverywhere,andallIhadtodowasmakealittleefforttoenjoythem.Ilookbackontheyear.Itdoesntmattertomethatmanyofmy “newthings”werentexactlymeaningful.Whatmattersishowtomakefulluseofthemwhendiscoveringthereisanen
5、dlessnumberofnewthingsforme.Itseemedtomeanobvioussignthatatfifty,mylifewasfullofpromise.Icouldcontinuetogrow,stretchmywings,andlearnmoreeverydayfortherestofmylife.Ienjoyedtheideaofsomethingnew,anditgavemeareasontowelcomeeachdayasanopportunitytoexperiencetheworldalittledifferently.1.Whichofthefollowi
6、ngcanbestdescribetheauthorsfeelingaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Sayingisonethingbutdoingisanother.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Betterlatethannever.D.Experienceisthebestteacher.2.Whatstheauthorsattitudetowardnewthings?A.Skeptical.B.Appreciative.C.Cautious.D.Tolerant.3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinth
7、elastparagraph?A.Waitforyourlifetostartover.B.Trytofindmorenewthings.C.Makethemostofnewthings.D.Neversayneverwhenintrouble.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DreamforaNewLifeB.TheValueofFriendshipC.RemarkableNewThingsD.AYearofNewThings答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者50岁那年决定每天都做一件新鲜事。随着这种生活方式的实施,作者的心态发生了改变,生活态度也
8、发生了改变。1.A推理判断题。本题题干意为:根据第一段,下面哪项最能表达作者的感觉?根据第一段中的“TheyearIturnedfifty,Iresolvedtodosomethingneweveryday.”和“Intheearlyweeksoftheproject,Ifounditdifficulttofindsomanynewthings.”可知:起初,作者的打算实施起来并不容易,即“说起来容易做起来难”,故答案为A项。2.B推理判断题。本题题干意为:对于新的事情作者的态度是什么?根据第二段中的“Asaresult,mylifewasnew.”和第三段中的“Itturnsoutthatt
9、herewerenewthingseverywhere,andallIhadtodowasmakealittleefforttoenjoythem.”可知:当作者面临许多新事物的时候,是欣赏的,故答案为B项。3.C细节理解题。本题题干意为:在最后一段作者想告诉我们什么?根据最后一段中的“Whatmattersishowtomakefulluseofthemwhendiscoveringthereisanendlessnumberofnewthingsforme.”可知作者要告诉我们:遇到新事物时,要利用好它们,故答案为C项。4.D主旨大意题。本题题干意为:文章的最佳题目是什么?本文是以作者的“
10、每天都做一件新鲜事”这一中心展开的,故答案为D项。Passage2AmongthethingsKaterinaKaisarisgrandfatherleftbehindwhenhediedwassomeexpensiveheartmedicine.“Mymumwantedtothrowtheboxesaway,”saidKaisari. “ButIwantedtodonatethemtopeoplewhocouldntaffordtobuytheirownmedicine.” AlthoughKaisariwaskeennottoletthedrugsgotowaste,shehadnoide
11、ahowtoactuallyfollowthroughwithherideauntilafriendrecommendedGIVMED.ForthosebasedinAthens,whereGIVMEDisbased,peoplewithdrugstodonatescanthebarcodesofmedicinetheynolongerneedusingGIVMEDsmobileapp.Theappthenshowswhichofthe40listedhealthcareorganizationsaroundthecityneedthoseparticulardrugs,lettingtheu
12、serchoosewhicheverdonationpointismostconvenient.Fordonorswholiveoutsidethecapital,anonlinemapshowsthe120orsodonationpointsacrossthecountry.Aroundtheworld,peoplestruggletoaffordmedicinewhiledrugsworthbillionsofdollarsgotowaste.Thereisntdetaileddataonwhathappenstotheseunuseddrugs,butanecdotalevidences
13、uggestssomearethrowninthetrashorburnt.Inresponse,amovementofmedicinesharingorganizationsfromGreecetotheU.S.appearstodealwiththeproblemsofwasteandunaffordabilitybyredirectingmedicinetolow-incomecommunities.GIVMEDisoneofthem.Theapphassofarfacilitated(促成)$246,000worthofmedicinedonations.Butsomesoundano
14、teofcautionaboutmedicinesharing.SoonafterGIVMEDslaunch,theGreekAssociationofPharmacistspublishedalettersayingtheplatform“aseriousrisktopublichealth”.Vratimos,GIVMEDco-founder,saysthenon-profitonlysendsdonationstohealthcarefacilitiesthathaveanin-housedoctor,hesays,qualifiedtoinspecteachdelivery.While
15、proudofwhatGIVMEDhasachieved,whatVratimosreallywantsisthegovernmentcanadopttheorganizationsideastocreateanationwidesystemthatprovidesfreemedicineforGreekswhocantpayfortheirmedicine,whilemakingthemostofresourcesthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.1.WhatdidKaisariprobablydowithhergrandfathersmedicine?A.She
16、threwitaway.B.Shecontributedit.C.Shegaveittoherfriend.D.Shehadtoletitgotowaste.2.Whatappearsontheappafterscanningthebarcodesofmedicine?A.ThemapofthecityofAthens.B.Theplacetodonatethemedicineto.C.Theproductiondateofthemedicine.D.Thecompanythatmadethemedicine.3.WhatistheattitudeoftheGreekAssociationof
17、Pharmaciststowardsmedicinesharing?A.Proud.B.Concerned.C.Satisfied.D.Supportive.4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Toomuchmedicineisbeingwasted.B.GIVMEDhasdevelopedamobileapp.C.Thegovernmentshouldreformthemedicalsystem.D.GIVMEDmatchesleftovermedicinewiththepoorpeople.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。用不完的药品别急着丢,雅典这款app帮它找到
18、了新家。1.B推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,Kaisari尽管不想浪费掉这些药品,但是她不知道如何实现自己的想法,直到一个朋友向她推荐了GIVMED,由此推断在她知道了 GIVMED之后,她就可能把药品捐了出去。2.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的Theappthenshowswhichofthe40listedhealthcareorganizationsaroundthecityneedthoseparticulardrugs,lettingtheuserchoosewhicheverdonationpointismostconvenient.可知,当扫描药品的二维码后app上面显示出的是需
19、要这种药品的医疗机构,让人们选择方便的捐赠地点。3.B推理判断题。根据第七段中theGreekAssociationofPharmacistspublishedalettersayingtheplatform “aseriousrisktopublichealth”可知,希腊药剂师协会认为这个药物捐赠平台让公众健康面临严重的风险,由此判断他们对此是担忧的。4.D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了GIVMED致力于解决穷人们对药物的需求和药物浪费之间的问题,人们可以通过GIVMED开发的app把不再需要的、没有用过的药物捐赠给需要的人们,这样GIVMED起到了一个桥梁的作用。温馨提示1.followth
20、roughwith将进行到底,完成2.ForthosebasedinAthens,whereGIVMEDisbased,peoplewithdrugstodonatescanthebarcodesofmedicinetheynolongerneedusingGIVMEDsmobileapp.在雅典有一个药品分享平台GIVMED,有药品要捐赠的雅典人可以使用GIVMED开发的一个手机应用程序扫描药品上的条形码。本句的主干为:peoplescanthebarcodesofmedicine。现在分词短语usingGIVMEDsmobileapp作scan的方式状语。whereGIVMEDisbase
21、d为定语从句,先行词为Athens;theynolongerneed为定语从句,先行词为medicine。介词短语withdrugstodonate作people的定语。3.anecdotalevidencesuggests.传闻的证据表明4.Vratimos,GIVMEDco-founder,saysthenon-profitonlysendsdonationstohealthcarefacilitiesthathaveanin-housedoctor,hesays,qualifiedtoinspecteachdelivery.GIVMED的创始人之一Vratimos说这个非营利组织只把人们
22、捐的药品送到医疗保健机构,那里有有资历的医生专门检查每一次递送。主句为:Vratimos,GIVMEDco-founder,saysthenon-profitonlysendsdonationstohealthcarefacilities。后面的thathaveanin-housedoctor,hesays,qualifiedtoinspecteachdelivery为定语从句,修饰先行词healthcarefacilities。Passage3Coldweatherduringwintermonthsmaykeepmanypeoplefromleavinghomeandrunninginth
23、eopenair.However,anewstudyshowsthatthedropintemperatureisagoodreasontorun.Infact,researcherssay,runningincoldweatherhelpsimproveonesperformance.Manypeoplesayrunninginthewintercanbedifficult.Tworeasonsarethelowtemperaturesandbitterwinds.Yetmanyrunnersmightfinditeasierthanrunninginhotweather.Thatcould
24、bebecauselowertemperaturesreducestressonthebody.Whenyourunincoldweather,yourheartrateandthebodysdehydration(脱水)levelsarelowerthaninwarmerconditions.Thebodyneedslesswateronacolddaythaninwarmweather.ThisinformationcomesfromsportsscientistsatSt.MarysUniversityinLondon.JohnBrewerisaprofessorofappliedspo
25、rtscienceatSt.Marys.Forthisstudy,heandotherresearchersputagroupofpeopleintoaroomtheycalledan “environmentalchamber.” Theresearchersthenrecreatedsummerandwinterweatherconditionsintheroom.Thetestsubjectswereaskedtorun10,000metersunderbothconditions.Brewersaysheandhisteamrecordedbiologicalmeasurementso
26、ftherunners.“Wevegotagroupofsubjectsintotheenvironmentalchamber,wevechangedtheconditionstoreplicatethesummerorwinterandwevegotthemtoruna10kmunderbothofthoseconditionsandtakenvariousmeasurementsoneachrunnerwhilsttheyvebeencompletingtheir10km.”Brewersayseverymovementrunnersmakeproducesheat.Heexplainst
27、hatonewayinwhichweloseheatisbysweating.Thebodylosesheatthroughdropletsofsweat.Hesaysthebodyalsolosesheatbytransportingthebloodtothesurfaceoftheskin.1.Whatcanweknowaboutrunninginwinter?A.Itimprovesthefunctionofthebody.B.Itincreasespressureofthebody.C.Itmakesyourheartratehigher.D.Itneedsmorewaterthani
28、nsummer.2.Whatcanweknowabouttheresearchaccordingtothetext?A.Researchersinterviewedthesubjects.B.Subjectswereaskedtoruninwinterandsummer.C.Subjectsbuiltthe “environmentalchamber”.D.Biologicalmeasurementsoftherunnerswererecorded.3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword “replicate” inParagraph7
29、?A.Combine.B.Copy.C.Remember.D.Decorate.4.Whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?A.EnvironmentalChamberB.TheWayofLosingHeatC.RunninginColdWeatherImprovesPerformanceD.BiologicalMeasurementsoftheRunners答案语篇解读本文为说明文。在冬天,由于风大、气温低,很少有人走出家门在户外跑步,然而研究表明在寒冷天气下跑步能提高人们的身体机能。1.A细节理解题。本题题干意为:对于在冬季跑步我们知道什么?根据第二段中的“Infac
30、t,researcherssay,runningincoldweatherhelpsimproveonesperformance.”可知答案为A项。2.D细节理解题。本题题干意为:根据本文本,对于那次研究,我们知道什么?根据第六段中的Brewersaysheandhisteamrecordedbiologicalmeasurementsoftherunners.可知答案为D项。3.B猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第七段画线词replicate可由下列哪个词替换?根据画线词上一段中的“recreated”可知画线词的意思是:复制,故答案为B项。4.C主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是什么?第
31、二段提出了本文的主题,根据“Infact,researcherssay,runningincoldweatherhelpsimproveonesperformance.”可知答案为C项。Passage4Whatssmall,buzzeshereandthereandvisitsflowers?Ifyousaybeesorhummingbirds,yougetit.Youwontbethefirstifyoumixthetwoup.Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherin
32、thesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too.Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchedforfood.Theideaisthatanimalsuseakindofmathtomakechoicesinordertominimizetheworkittakestoearnmaximumrewards.Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrul
33、es,liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedtoothers. “Itwas almostlikeanalgorithm(算法) forefficientsearching,” saidDavidPritchard,abiologistattheUniversityofSt.AndrewsinScotland.Hummingbirdsandbeeshadsimilarsolutions.Asthefieldofanimalcognition(认知)appeared,hummingbirdandbeeres
34、earchparted.Neuroscientistsandbehavioralecologistsdevelopedwaystostudybeebehaviorinnaturalisticsettings.Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.Tobefair,hummingbirdsandbeesdiffer.Forexample,hummingbirdshavemoreadvancede
35、yesandbrainsthanbees.Honeybeesandbumblebeesaresocial;hummingbirdstypicallyarent.“Buthowevertheyperceive(察觉到)orprocessinformation,theybothexperiencesimilarinformation,” Dr.Pritchardsaid.Inday-to-daysearchingforfood,forexample,hummingbirdsmayrelyonmoreofabees-eyeviewthanabirds-eyeview.Likeotherbirds,t
36、heyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydontusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflowersoriginallocation.Dr.Pritchardisinvestigatingif,likebees,hummingbirdsengageinviewmatchinghoveri
37、ng,scanningsnapshotsofaplacetotheirmemoryandusingthoseasreferenceslater.1.Whatisthecenteroftheresearchonhummingbirdsandbeesinthe1970s?A.Memory.B.Movementrules.C.Rewardcalculating.D.Informationprocessing.2.Whichsubjectsresearchmethodswereadoptedtostudythelearningabilityofhummingbirds?A.Math.B.Biology
38、.C.Ecology.D.Psychology.3.Howdoresearchersfindoutthathummingbirdsarenotlikeotherbirds?A.Bysettingthemfree.B.Bymovingflowers.C.Bymatchingview.D.Bymakingmaps.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HummingbirdsandBeesB.HummingbirdsintheLabC.NewTrendsinStudyingBeesD.ThinkingofHummingbirdsasB
39、ees答案语篇解读本文为说明文。人们普遍把蜂鸟和蜜蜂混在一起考虑,一组研究人员欣然接受了这种做法并对蜂鸟和蜜蜂进行了研究。1.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:在20世纪70年代对蜂鸟和蜜蜂的研究中心是什么?根据题干中的“inthe1970s”可知答案区间在第二段。由其中的“Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules,liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers.”(那时的研究人员关注它们的运动规律,如:它们采花粉的顺序)可知答案为B项。A项(记忆力),C项(计算奖励),D项(信息处理)在第二段中均未提及,故排除。2.D细节理解
40、题。本题题干意为:在研究蜂鸟的学习能力时(研究人员)使用了哪个学科的研究方法?根据文章第三段中的“Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.(蜂鸟研究人员在实验室把蜂鸟与其他鸟类进行对比并引用了心理学的方法研究了它们的学习能力。)”可知答案为D项(心理学)。3.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:研究人员是如何发现蜂鸟和其他鸟类不同的?根据最后一段中的“Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonl
41、andmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydontusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflowersoriginallocation.(在长途飞行时,蜂鸟像其他鸟类那样,靠地标、距离和方向来绘制地图,但它们不用这些线索寻找花朵。把一朵花从蜂鸟认为其所在的位置挪动大约一英寸,蜂鸟还会在花朵原来的位置上方盘旋。
42、)可知答案为B项(通过移动花朵)。A:通过释放它们;C:通过视图匹配;D:通过绘制地图。4.D主旨大意题。由全文大意并结合第一段中的“Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too.(现在一组研究人员甚至说我们应该欣然接受把这两种动物放在同一个组里考虑的历史。科学家研究蜜蜂的方法也可帮助他们研究蜂鸟的行为。)”可确定本题
43、答案为D项(把蜂鸟看作蜜蜂)。高级语块buzzv.(蜜蜂等)发出嗡嗡声embracev.欣然接受;乐意采纳(思想、建议等)长难句Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchedforfood.早在20世纪70年代当科学家们研究动物如何觅食时,第一次将这两种动物进行了比较。本句为主从复合句,其中when引导的是省略了主语和谓语的时间状语从句。Passage5AEuropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthe
44、firsttime.Itusesthreedimensional(3-D)printingtore-createfamouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimts “TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedereMuseuminVienna,Austria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesan
45、dhavetheirarmsaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthepaintingin1908.Untilnow,peoplewhohadtroubleseeingcouldnotappreciatetheartwork.Butthankstothereproductiontheycantouchthepieceandfeeltheridgesanddepressions.AndreasReichingerstartedmaking3-Dversionsofartworksin2010.Hesaidthere
46、productionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouplesrobesaresodetailed.DominikaRaditschisablindmuseumvisitor.Shetouchedthereproduction.Asshemovedherhandsarounditshesaid,“Exactly,canyouseethese?Therearesomanydetails.”Raditschsaidshecouldimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchedthereprodu
47、ction.“Itssomehowround.Youcanfeelit.Youcanfeelit.Itcomeswithit.Andinmanyplacesitssosmooth.AndthenIthinktomyself:itprobablyshinestoo!” Raditschsaid.TheBelvedereisnottheonlymuseumtohave3-Dversionsofitsartworks.SomeofthepiecesatthePrado,inMadrid,Spainhavereproductionsthatcanbetouched.ButthepieceinVienn
48、ahasonespecialpart:Itismadewithwidelyavailable3-Dprintingtechnology.Thatmeansoneday,blindartfansanywhereintheworldcoulddownloadthesourcefilesandprintthereproductionsthemselves.1.Whatis “TheKiss”?A.AEuropeanUnionproject.B.Apopularpainting.C.A3-Dtechnology.D.Afamousmuseum.2.WhydidReichingersaytherepro
49、ductionwasdifficulttofinish?A.Thepaintingwasreproduceddetailedly.B.Theoriginalartworkwasmadein1908.C.Blindartfanscantdownloadthesource.D.The3-Dtechnologyisnotavailable.3.HowdidRaditschfeelwhenshefirsttouchedthereproduction?A.Awkward.B.Puzzled.C.Excited.D.Nervous.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AEur
50、opeanUnionProgramforMuseumVisitorsB.3-DPrintingLetstheBlindExperienceFamousPaintingC.HowtoReproducetheWorld-famousPaintingsD.ASpecialMuseumforArtFansinVienna,Austria答案语篇解读本文为新闻报道。有人开发了一种程序,它用3-D打印技术复制一些名画以便盲人可以欣赏。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimts “TheKiss”.可知“TheK
51、iss”为一幅画,故答案为B项。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的becausethecouplesrobesaresodetailed可知答案为A项。3.C细节理解题。根据第四段Raditsch触摸到那幅被复制的画时所说的话可知答案为C项(激动的)。4.B主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可推知本文最佳题目为:3D技术使盲人欣赏名画,故答案为B项。高级语块havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难长难句Raditschsaidshecouldimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchedthereproduction.Ra
52、ditsch说当她触摸到那件复制品时,她能想象出原作的样子。本句为复合句。shecouldimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchedthereproduction为宾语从句,该从句中包含what引导的宾语从句;whenshetouchedthereproduction为时间状语从句。Passage6SometeensaredisapprovingofcompulsoryBMI(bodymassindex)checksinPEclasses.DoBMIchecksatschooldomoreharmthangood?Twoteens
53、takesides.MayaMeade,ahighschoolfreshmaninOhio,saysyes. “Iunderstandthatschoolswanttoweighstudentsbecausetheyareconcernedabouttheirphysicalhealth.Thatsnotabadthing!Butwhatabouttheirmentalhealth?Formanystudents,appearanceandself-imagearehugesourcesofstress.Forcingteenstobeweighedatschoolwillonlyincrea
54、sethepressuretheyfeeltofitacertainmold(模子)”,saysMaya.InMayasopinion,weightisapersonalmatterthatshouldstaybetweenadoctorandapatient.Shesays,“JustimaginesomeonewhostruggleswithbodyimagebeingtoldthathisorherBMIistoohighasclassmateslookon!Evenifotherkidscanthear,nostudentwantstofeeljudgedbyhisorherteach
55、er.Thatsnotwhywegotoschool.”Mayathinksifaschoolwantstohaveanimpactonastudentsphysicalhealth,therearebetterwaystodoit,suchasprovidinghealthybutfillingmeals,encouragingphysicalactivity,andteachingstudentsaboutnutrition.BenBagbek,asecond-yearstudentinahighschoolinNewYork,holdsadifferentopinion.“Thereis
56、noreasonwhyaschoolshouldnotbeallowedtoweighitsstudentsandteachthemhowtocalculateBMI!Obesityisahugepublichealthconcerninourcountry.Andschoolsareinapositiontohelpstudentsunderstandwhattheirweightmeanstotheirhealthbeforetheyreatriskoflife-threateningconditions.”“Aschoolsjobistohelpstudentsreachtheirful
57、lpotential,andyourhealthundoubtedlyplaysaroleinyouracademicperformance.BMIisnotaperfectmeasurement,butitcanhelpyouidentifytheneedforhealthiereatinghabitsormorephysicalactivity,”saysBen.Thebottomlineis:Whenyoufeelgood,youlearnbetter.Aslongastheactualnumberonthescalestaysprivate,itshouldbeviewedasanim
58、portantpartofyourhealtheducation.1.Whatarethetwoteensdebating?A.WhetherstudentsareenjoyingPEclasses.B.Whetherschoolsarebody-shamingstudents.C.Whetherstudentsshouldpayattentiontoweight.D.Whetherschoolsshouldhelpstudentsloseweight.2.AccordingtoMaya,whatwillBMIchecksbringtostudents?A.Healthydiets.B.Emo
59、tionalstress.C.Fiercecompetition.D.Positiveself-awareness.3.WhatdoesMayathinkofweight?A.Itsprivate.B.Itsimportant.C.Itshardtolose.D.Itsnotabigdeal.4.WhichofthefollowingmayBenagreewith?A.Mostschoolstudentsareoverweight.B.BMIchecksareoflittlehelptostudents.C.Schoolshavetherighttoweighstudents.D.Itsnot
60、schoolsdutytohelpstudentskeepfit.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。对于体育课上教师是否可以测量学生体重这一问题,两个学生给出了不同的意见。1.B主旨大意题。 本题题干意为:这两个十几岁的孩子在辩论什么?第一段点明了文章的论题:学校测量学生体重对于学生而言是否弊大于利。由第二段中的mentalhealth以及第三段中的JustimaginesomeonewhostruggleswithbodyimagebeingtoldthathisorherBMIistoohighasclassmateslookon!可知,两位青少年就学校测量学生体重是否会对学生不利展开讨论。2.B
61、细节理解题。本题题干意为:根据Maya的观点,在体育课上测量学生体重会给学生带来什么结果?由第二段中的mentalhealth和hugesourcesofstress 以及willonlyincreasethepressuretheyfeeltofitacertainmold可知,Maya认为学校测量学生体重会给学生带来心理压力。3.A细节理解题。本题题干意为:Maya对于体重持什么观点?由第三段中的“.,weightisapersonalmatterthatshouldstaybetweenadoctorandapatient”可知,Maya认为体重是个人隐私。4.C细节理解题。本题题干意为
62、:Ben同意下面哪个说法?由第五段中的“ThereisnoreasonwhyaschoolshouldnotbeallowedtoweighitsstudentsandteachthemhowtocalculateBMI!”可知,Ben认为学校有权测量学生体重。Passage7Humanshaveuniquelyexpressivefaces.Welaugh,wecry,andweturnredwithfeeling.Now,scientistsreportthatblue-and-yellowmacaws(金刚鹦鹉)mayjoinusinthisclubofemotionsatleast,w
63、henitcomestoblushing.Parrotsareknownforbeingcleverandchatty.Theyreevenskilledenoughtomaketheirowntoolsandoccasionallynosetheirwayintohumanmachineslikecars.Theircuriosityandcouragearewhatmakethemexcellentpets.Soitsnosurprisethattheyhavetheirownrangeofcommunicationtools.Onthewhole,birdsarenostrangerst
64、oblushing.Manydifferentkindsofbirdshavebeenknowntoexhibitthisbehavior.Parrotownersoftennoticeitintheirpets.Themotivationsbehinditarestillamysterytoscientists,though.Tozeroinonwhymacawfacesblush,somescientistsledbyAlineBertinoftheUniversityofToursstudiedfivecaptiveblue-and-yellowmacawsastheyinteracte
65、dwitheachotherandtheirhumancaretakers.Theywereamazedtoseethathumanattentionseemedtomakethemacawsblush.Theblushingdieddownwhenthecaretakersignoredtheparrots.Facialexpressionscanbesignsofahumansemotionalstate.Likewise,birdblushingcouldconveywell-being.Itsnotquiteasobviousassmiling.Still,itsfairlyimpre
66、ssive.Afterall,thesemacawsdonthavethesamefacialmusclesthatwedo.Thebirdsaremuchsmarterandkinderthantheylook.Theyarebelievedtobeasintelligentasmonkeys.Bertinandtheotherscientistsbelievetheirworkopensthedoortofurtherresearch.Onelimitationofthestudyisthatnomacawsinthenaturalenvironmenthavebeenobserved.T
67、hatmakesithardtodrawconclusionsaboutthebirdsasaspecies.Theyarealsonotquitesurewhattheblushingmeans.Thereisstillmoretolearnaboutthesepossibleexpressionsofemotion.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“captive”inParagraph3?A.Unique.B.Talkative.C.Curious.D.Caged.2.Birdsmightblush.A.whenpeopleignorethemB.tos
68、howtheyarehappyC.toshowtheyarehungryD.whensomethingupsetsthem3.WhatisTRUEaboutscientistsreactiontomacawsblushing?A.Theyarepuzzledbyhowbirdscancommunicatewithoneanother.B.Theyaremotivatedtocontinuestudyinghowmacawsexpressemotion.C.Theyarecuriousaboutwhyotherbirdsareunabletoconveyemotion.D.Theyareinte
69、restedtostudymonkeystoseeiftheyblushasstrongly.4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Parrotsmakeexcellentpets.B.Parrotsareskilledtomaketools.C.Themacawscancommunicatewitheachother.D.Themacawscangoredinthefacewithfeeling.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,属于科普类文章。科学家发现金刚鹦鹉也像人类一样有面部表情。1.D猜测词义题。本题题干意为:下面哪个词能非常好地解释第三段中的词汇“captive”?
70、根据文章第三段中的“theirhumancaretakers”可知这些鸟是有主人的,结合最后一段与之呼应的“Onelimitationofthestudyisthatnomacawsinthenaturalenvironmenthavebeenobserved.”(这项研究的局限性在于没有观察生活在自然环境中的金刚鹦鹉的情况。)可推知“captive”意为“被关在笼子里的”,故选D项。2.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:什么时候/为什么鸟儿脸红?根据文章第四段第二句“Likewise,birdblushingcouldconveywell-being.”(同样地,鸟儿脸红可能表示它们很幸福。)可知
71、B项(为了表达它们很高兴)为正确答案。根据第三段最后一句(当照看人不注意它们时,它们脸上的红色便会消失。)可排除A项。C、D两项在文中没被提及。3.B推理判断题。本题题干意为:对于金刚鹦鹉脸红这一现象科学家做出的反应,哪项是对的?根据文章第三、四段内容判断,金刚鹦鹉会脸红这个现象引发了AlineBertin所带领科研团队的关注和研究,他们进而发现金刚鹦鹉的脸红可能和我们人类一样,是种情感表达。综合考虑,科学家会继续研究金刚鹦鹉怎样表达情感。故本题答案为B项。4.D主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文的主题是什么?纵观全文,作者主要介绍了金刚鹦鹉和人类一样会脸红,以及AlineBertin带领的科学家
72、们对这一现象的研究,所以选D项,此处“goredintheface”就是对本文关键词“blush”的解释。Passage8Its3oclockandyouvebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesnt.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,lik
73、eoneyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallit “stomachhunger” simply.Whenourstomachsburnupa
74、llofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone(荷尔蒙)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使活跃)brainareasrelatedtoemotion,mem
75、oryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”.Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersattheU
76、niversityofCambridgefoundthat “dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcravings”.So,themoreyoudenyyourselfakindoffoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucraveso
77、methingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.B.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.C.Toreportthediscoveryofastudy.D.Tointroducethetopicofthewholepassage.2.Whatdowelearnaboutthefoodcravings?A.Itislinked
78、tofeelings.B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.C.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.3.Whatsthelikelyresultofdieting?A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.B.Theincreaseoffooddesire.C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceoftheappetite.4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thefunct
79、ionsofbrainareas.B.Whathungerisallabout.C.Thefindingsoffoodcravings.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。作者介绍了对“嘴馋”这一课题的研究结果。1.D推理判断题。本题题干意为:第一段的作用是什么?第一段作者首先设置了两个场景(已经3点钟了,你一直在努力工作。坐在办公桌前的你有了一种强烈的欲望:想吃巧克力。你努力让自己忙碌起来忘掉这件事。但丝毫没用。你感觉不舒服只想喝一碗鸡汤,就像你小时候生病时妈妈做的鸡汤。),然后引出“嘴馋”这一话题。由此可见本题答案为D项(引出本文话题)。A:使读者想起
80、他们自己特别的食物;B:加深对饥饿的理解;C:报道研究的发现。2.A细节理解题。本题题干意为:关于“嘴馋”,我们了解了什么?根据第三段中的Itactivates(使活跃)brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings “mindhunger”.(嘴馋使情感、记忆力以及奖赏中枢活跃因此科学家们称嘴馋是“精神饥饿”)可知:嘴馋时,食物与情感有联系,故答案为A项。B:它确保一个人不会饿死;C:它意味着胃的功能好;D:它证明大脑决定你的胃口。3.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:节食可能会造成什么结果?
81、根据第四段中的“So,themoreyoudenyyourselfakindoffoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.”(因此,你越是节制你想要的食物,就会越想吃。)可知答案为B项(对食物的欲望会增加)。4.C主旨大意题。本题题干意为:文章主要讨论了什么?文章第一段最后两句介绍了本文的主题,由此可知本题答案为C项(有关 “嘴馋”的发现)。高级语块cravingn.渴望regulatev.调节,控制长难句Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormonesendsamessagetoonepartofth
82、ebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.当胃消化完我们吃的所有的食物时,一种荷尔蒙会向大脑的某部分传递一种需要获取更多食物的信息,大脑的这一部分调节我们最基本的身体机能,如口渴、饥饿和睡眠。本句的主干为:ahormonesendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood。Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten为时间状语从句;whichregulatesourmostbasicbod
83、yfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep为定语从句,先行词为onepartofthebrain。Passage9Ifyouthoughtpilotsdimmed(调暗)thelightsbeforetake-offtogiveyousomeshut-eye,thinkagain.Believeitornot,thedimlightingcouldactuallyhelpsaveyourlifeincaseofaplaneemergency.Thedimmedlightsbeforetakingoffandlandingareaflightprecautionu
84、sedtohelppassengerseyesadjustmorequicklyduringanemergencyevacuation. “Goingfromabrightlylitenvironmenttoonethatscompletelydarkwouldrequiresometimeforoureyestofocusandseetheevacuationslide,” AliceTheriault,servicedirectorforAirCanadawroteinapressstatement. “Sinceweneedtohaveallthesecondsonoursideinth
85、eeventofanemergency,dimmingthelightsisoneofmanystepswetaketoensurethesafetyofourcustomers.”Thephenomenonthatyoureyesseethosestrangespeckles(斑点)asyoursightadjuststoadarkplaceafterbeinginalightplaceiscalleddarkadaptation.Itnormallytakesoureyesabout20to30minutestoseebestinadarkroom.Thebrighterthelights
86、,thelongerittakesforoureyestoadjust,whichiswhydimmingtheplanelightscouldshortenyourdarkadaptationtimesinceyouhaventbeensittingunderfluorescentbulbs(荧光灯)allflight.Notonlydoesdimminglightsaddvaluabletimetotheevacuationprocess,butitreducesthetensioninyoureyemusclesifyouneedtolookoutside,orseetheemergen
87、cylightingalongthepassage.“Ithelpskeepyouintherightdirection,”PatrickSmith,anairlinepilotandauthorofCockpitConfidentialtoldTheTelegraph.“Italsomakesiteasierforflightattendantstoassessanyoutsiderisks,suchasfireordebris,whichmightaffectanevacuation.Sonexttimeapilotdimsthelights,justknowitsforyoursafet
88、y,eventhoughitcreatesagentleatmosphereforyourtake-offintothesky.”1.Thelightsareturneddownbeforetake-offtohelppassengers.A.takeashortbreakB.escapeintimeofemergencyC.createawarmatmosphereD.adapttheireyestothebrightenvironment2.Whatisoneoftherolesofshorteningdarkadaptationtime?A.Slowingdownthelanding.B
89、.Adjustingtheplanelights.C.Keepingpassengerscalm.D.Helpingthecrewassessoutsiderisks.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “It” inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Dimminglights.B.Theevacuationprocess.C.Reducingtension.D.Thepassage.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Atipforairtravel.B.Anemergencyeventonaplane.C.Awarningmess
90、ageonaplane.D.Anexplanationofanairlinesafetymeasure.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了飞机在起飞或降落之前把灯光调暗的原因。1.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:在飞机起飞之前将灯光调暗是为帮助乘客。根据第一段尤其是该段最后一句(信不信由你,将灯光调暗有助于你在紧急情况下逃生。)可知答案为B项。A:短暂休息;C:创造一种温暖的气氛;D:使他们的眼睛适应明亮的环境。2.D细节理解题。本题题干意为:缩短“黑暗适应”的时间的作用之一是什么?根据最后一段中的“Italsomakesiteasierforflightattendantstoassessanyo
91、utsiderisks,suchasfireordebris,whichmightaffectanevacuation.”可知答案为D项(帮助机组人员判断外面的危险)。A:减缓着陆速度;B:调节飞机灯光;C:使乘客保持平静。3.A猜测词义题。本题题干意为:最后一段中的画线词“It”指代什么?画线词It指代上句中的“dimminglights”以避免重复,故答案为A项。4.D主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文主要是关于什么的?本文是对航空中的一项安全措施在飞机起飞或降落前将灯光调暗进行解释的,故答案为D项。A:一个乘飞机旅行的忠告;B:在飞机上的一次紧急事件;C:在飞机上的一种警报。高级语块shut
92、-eyen.睡眠precautionn.预防措施长难句Thedimmedlightsbeforetakingoffandlandingareaflightprecautionusedtohelppassengerseyesadjustmorequicklyduringanemergencyevacuation.在起飞和着陆前调暗灯光是一种飞行预防措施,它可以被用来帮助乘客在紧急逃生中更迅速地调节自己的眼睛。本句的主干是:Thedimmedlightsareaflightprecaution。介词短语beforetakingoffandlanding作lights的定语;过去分词短语usedto
93、helppassengerseyesadjustmorequicklyduringanemergencyevacuation作precaution的定语。Passage10Famouspeoplehavealotofinfluencesonculturaltrends,likeitornot.WhenOprahgoesona21-dayvegandiet,itmakesheadlines.WhenAmalClooneywearsaStellaMcCartneydress,salesgowayup.However,onetrendthatseemsharmlessbutisactuallyhar
94、mfulisthepressureonstarstohavetheirphotostakenwithrareanimals.Famouspeoplewhoareaskedtohavephotostakenwithwildanimalsforamagazinespreadorwhodosowhileonvacationalwayshavegoodintentionsandevenloveanimals.Thismakesthemeasytargetsfortheoftengreedyamusementparksandfakeanimalcenters.Thesebusinesspeoplelov
95、ethethoughtofsharingpicturesofastarhuggingababytigerorawhale.Kindpeoplearenaturallydrawntoplacesthatclaimtoofferrareanimalssafetyandareeagertoseeelephantspaint,tohugbabybearsortoswimwithdolphins.However,beingfrequentlyexposedhasshownthatmanyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders,dealersorexhibitorsthatare
96、usingstarsgoodwillfortheirownends.InsomeAsiancountries,elephantsarekeptincamps.Afewcampsareworkingtohelpelephantsintrouble,butthevastmajorityarenot,andtrainingmethodsarebarbaric.AssoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikePrinceWilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant,thechainsgobackon.Fans,tellthestars:Stayaw
97、ayfromwildanimalphotos,andtheanimalswillbegrateful.Ofcourse,youdonthavetobefamoustomakeadifference.Whetherrighthereathomeoratanexoticlocaleabroad,everyoneofusmustfightthedesiretotakeaphotowithanelephantorhugababytiger.1.WhyareOprahandAmalClooneymentionedinParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage
98、.B.Topromotetheculturalinfluenceonstars.C.Toremindpeoplehowimportantthetrendis.D.Toshowfamouspeoplespressurefromwildanimals.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thebusinesspeopleofferchancestostarstogetclosetoanimals.B.Famousstarsusephotoswithrareanimalstomakeadifference.C.Businessmentakeadvantageofstar
99、sgoodwilltoearnmoney.D.Thekindandrichpeopleareeasilyattractedtovisitwildanimals.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “barbaric” inParagraph3mean?A.Effective.B.Cruel.C.Scientific.D.Kind.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thenumberofelephantsandtigersisincreasing.B.Keepingawayfromanimalpicturescanprotectthem.C.Pe
100、oplewillbeencouragedtotakephotoswithanimals.D.Thefamousmayhaveanegativeinfluenceonculturaltrends.答案语篇解读本文为议论文。为了表达对动物的热爱,一些名人常与动物一起拍照已经成为一种文化潮流,但作者认为在大部分情况下,这种方式有百害而无一利。1.A推理判断题。第一段的最后一句作者点出本文的主题,由此可见作者首先提及Oprah及AmalClooney旨在引出主题,故答案为A项。2.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“manyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders,deale
101、rsorexhibitorsthatareusingstarsgoodwillfortheirownends”可知答案为C项(商人利用明星们的善意来赚钱)。其他三项在文中均未被提及,故全部排除。3.B猜测词义题。根据第三段最后一句“AssoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikePrinceWilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant,thechainsgobackon.”可推知:训练动物的方法是残忍的(cruel),故答案为B项。4.D主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可推知本题答案为D项(名人对文化潮流可能会造成负面影响)。高级语块amus
102、ementpark游乐场haveanegativeinfluenceon对有负面影响长难句Kindpeoplearenaturallydrawntoplacesthatclaimtoofferrareanimalssafetyandareeagertoseeelephantspaint,tohugbabybearsortoswimwithdolphins.善良的人很自然地被吸引到一些声称给稀有动物提供安全的地方,他们渴望看到大象画画,渴望拥抱熊幼崽或与海豚游泳。本句为复合句。that引导的是定语从句,先行词为places。Passage11FlowerPowerWhenhergrandmoth
103、ershealthbegantoworsenlastautumn,MarywouldmakethedrivefromWashingtonD.C.toWinchester,everyfewdays.Shehatedhighwaydriving,findingituglyandboring.Shepreferredtotakewindingcountryroadstohergrandmothershospital.WhenshedrovethroughtherockytownofHarpersFerry,thebeautyoftheroughwaterswasalwaysappealingtohe
104、r.Towardtheendofherjourney,MaryhadtogetonHighway81.Itwasherethatshediscoveredasurprisingbitofbeautyduringoneofhertrips.Alongtheshoulderofthehighway,therewasalongstretchofwildflowers.Theywerethinanddelicateandpurple,andmovedbackandforthinthewindasifwhisperingpoemstoeachother.Thefirsttimeshesawtheflow
105、ers,Marywasseizedbyanuncontrollableurgetopulloveronthehighwayandpullabunchfromthesoil.Shecarriedthemintohergrandmothersroomwhenshearrivedatthehospitalandplacedtheminavasebyherbed.Foramoment,hergrandmotherseemedmorelucid(清醒的)thanusual.ShethankedMaryfortheflowers,commentedontheirbeautyandaskedwhereshe
106、hadgottenthem.Marywasoverjoyedbytheabilityoftheflowerstowakesomethingupinsidehersickgrandmother.Afterwards,Marybegancarryingscissorsinthecarduringhertripstovisithergrandmother.Shewouldquicklyglideontotheshoulder,jumpoutofthecarandclipabunchofflowers.EachtimeMaryplacedtheflowersinthevase,hergrandmoth
107、erseyeswouldlightupandtheywouldhaveasplendidconversation.OnemorninginlateOctober,Marygotacallthathergrandmotherhadtakenaturnfortheworse.Marywasinsuchahurrytogettohergrandmotherthatshespedpastherflowerspot.Shedecidedtoturnaround,headseveralmilesback,andcutabunchofflowers.Maryarrivedatthehospitaltofin
108、dhergrandmotherveryweakandunresponsive.Sheplacedtheflowersinthevaseandsatdowntoholdhergrandmothershand.Shefeltasqueezeonherfingers.Itwasthelastconversationtheyhad.1.Marypreferredtotakecountryroadstothehospitalbecauseshecould.A.getonHighway81moreeasilyB.pickwildflowersforhergrandmotherC.enjoythenatur
109、alviewalongtheroadsD.spendlesstimedrivingtothedestination2.WhenMaryplacedtheflowersbyhergrandmothersbed,hergrandmother.A.wasoverjoyedbytheflowersB.commentedonMarysbeautyC.camealiveatthesightoftheflowersD.wascuriousaboutthetypeoftheflowers3.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.A.Marydiscoveredthewildflowersalon
110、gthecountryroadsB.MaryslastconversationwithhergrandmotherwasasilentoneC.MaryheadedseveralmilesbackbecauseshespedpastthehospitalD.Marysgrandmotherhadpassedawaybeforeshearrivedatthehospital4.Whatdoesthepassageconveytous?A.Beautyinnaturecanbepowerful.B.Lovehasnobeginningorending.C.Lifeisasbeautifulassu
111、mmerflowers.D.Flowershavethemagictocurediseases.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽一次次采摘鲜花探望祖母的故事。故事以玛丽的祖母安详离开为结局,浓浓的亲情却未曾消逝。1.C推理判断题。根据文章第二段前两句Shehatedhighwaydriving,findingituglyandboring.Shepreferredtotakewindingcountryroadstohergrandmothershospital.可知作者讨厌在高速路上驾驶是因为它很无趣,由此可以推断,在作者看来乡间小路则更有趣。四个选项中只有C最贴近。2.C细节理解题
112、。根据文章第五段中描写的祖母的一系列反应可知当她看到花以后立即精神了起来。A选项的错误原因是,是玛丽感到overjoyed,不是祖母;B选项的错误原因是,祖母评价花美而非玛丽美;D选项所述内容文章未提及。因此应选C。3.B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Shefeltasqueezeonherfingers.她感到祖母握了握自己的手,这是她们唯一的交流,并没有任何交谈。因此B选项表述正确。4.A主旨大意题。根据文章标题以及祖母看到花时的愉悦表现可知,A选项最能表现本文的主旨。B选项没有提到花,C选项的核心词是beautiful,与文章标题不符,D选项中cure是治愈的意思,但是祖母没能被治愈,综上
113、应该选A。高级语块1.pullover使(车辆)停靠在路边menton评论长难句Theywerethinanddelicateandpurple,andmovedbackandforthinthewindasifwhisperingpoemstoeachother.紫色的花朵纤细而精致,它们在风中前后摇曳,仿佛在对彼此吟诵诗句。asif引导方式状语从句,意思是“好像”,此处省略了主语和谓语,完整形式为asiftheywerewhisperingpoemstoeachother.Passage12Palacesareknownfortheirbeautyandsplendor,buttheyof
114、ferlittleprotectionagainstattacks.Itiseasytodefendalargebuilding,butusuallythesebuildingsarenotdesignedwiththecomfortofakinginmind.Whenitcomestostructuresthatarebothbeautifulanddefensive,theEuropeancastleisabigsuccess.CastleswereoriginallybuiltinEnglandbytheNormansin1066.Theybuilttowersandwallstosec
115、urethelandtheyhadtaken.ThesecastlesprovidedtheNormanswithaquietandsafeplace.Theyalsoservedasbasesofoperationforattacks.Inthiswaycastlesservedasbothdefensiveandoffensiveroles.Besides,castlesservedasofficesforgovernors.Thosethatweresociallybeneaththegovernorwouldcometoreportaffairsandexpresstheirrespe
116、ct.Theywouldaddressproblems,handlebusiness,feast,andenjoyfestivitiesincastles.Socastlesservedassocialcentersaswell.Thefirstcastlesweremadefromearthandwood,andtheywerelikelytosufferfromattacksbyfire.Thenwoodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls.Ho
117、wever,attackerscouldthrowflamingobjectsintocastlesthroughthewindowsorburnthewoodendoors.Thisledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesoffofthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemmoredifficulttoaccess.DuringtheMiddleAges,attacksincreasedinregularity,socastledefenseswereupdated.Arrow-slitswereadded.Theywe
118、resmallholesinthecastle,whichalloweddefenderstofirewithoutbeinghurt.Towerswerebuiltfromwhichdefenderscouldprovidefireonbothsides.Thetowerswereconnectedtothecastlebywoodenbridges,sothatifonetowerfell,therestofthecastlewasstilleasytodefend.Alotofringsofcastlewallswereconstructed,sothatevenifattackersw
119、entpastonewall,theywouldbecaughtonakillinggroundbetweeninnerandouterwalls.Alloftheseincreasedthedefenseofcastles.Theendofcastlescanbeattributedtogunpowder.Duringthe15thcentury,artillery,akindoflargeguns,becamepowerfulenoughtobreakthroughstonewalls.Thisgreatlymadetheroleofcastleslesseffective.Thoughc
120、astlesnolongerservetheiroriginalpurposes,remainingcastlesreceivemillionsofvisitorseachyearwhowishtoexperiencethesituationsofancienttimes.1.Whatwastheoriginalfunctionofcastlesaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyservedastouristattractions.B.Theywereimportantsocialcenters.C.Theymarkedreligiousceremonies.D.They
121、werebuiltforuseinemergencies.2.Thereasonwhywoodencastleswerereplacedbystonecastleswasthat.A.stonecastlescostlessmoneyB.stonecastlesofferedbetterdefenseC.woodencastleswereuncomfortableD.woodencastlestookalongtimetobuild3.Whichofthefollowingshowedanimprovementincastledefenses?A.Castlesweretotallysepar
122、atedbystones.B.Arrow-slitsweremadeinlargequantities.C.Ringsofwallswerebuilttodefendthetowers.D.Windowsandentrancesweremovedtothehigherfloor.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.FancyLiving:LearningaboutCastlesB.Normans:BringingCastlestoEnglandC.AHistoryofCastles:TheRiseandFallofCastlesD.DefendingCastl
123、es:TechnologiesUsedtoDefendCastles答案语篇解读本文是说明文。文章介绍了城堡的发展历史。1.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句Inthiswaycastlesservedasbothdefensiveandoffensiveroles.和最后一句Socastlesservedassocialcentersaswell.可知,最初城堡的用途是防守、进攻和社交,故选B。2.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句Thenwoodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthoft
124、hesetowersandwalls. 可知,石制城堡代替了木头城堡,提高了塔和墙的坚固程度,因此本题选B。3.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后两句However,attackerscouldthrowflamingobjectsintocastlesthroughthewindowsorburnthewoodendoors.Thisledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesoffofthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemmoredifficulttoaccess.可知,人们把窗户提高以便更好地防守,故选D。4.C主旨大
125、意题。本文讲了城堡的发展历史,从最初的实际作用到最后只作观光用,因此选择C项。高级语块1.serveas充当,担任2.addressproblems解决问题3.beattributedto 归因于长难句Thenwoodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls. 之后木制城堡逐渐被石头制成的城堡取代,这极大提高了这些塔和墙的坚固程度。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整句话。Passage13GreatBooksforEveryReaderSheFl
126、iesThroughtheAirCircusLifeLeeStath(Marilees)Hardback$29.99Paperback$19.99E-book$3.99Havingfearofheightsisdefinitelynotanadvantagewhenflyingovercircusringsorswingingfromonetrapezetotheother.RatherconstantpracticeanddeterminationledtrapezeperformernowauthorLeeStath,alsoknowninthecircusworldaspartofThe
127、FlyingMarilees,tosharehowhisinstructormadeoneofthebestcatchersinthecircusworldoutofanunwillingschoolteacher.ThroughSheFliesThroughtheAir,Stathuncoversthedeterminationofthehumanspiritandtheenergeticlifeonacircustrainorinsideasweatytintruck.NeverQuotetheWeathertoaSeaLionPaulBinderPaperback$19.95ForPau
128、lBinderthecircuswasntmerelyaweekendescapeitwasalifestyle.DiscovertheoriginsofNewYorksbelovedBigApplecircusinBindersnewmemoir,whichrecordshisjourneyfromlowlybeginningstoacircusfounder.NeverQuotetheWeathertoaSeaLionwillhelpreadersunderstandtheinnerworkingsofthecircusandfindthemagicineverydaylife.ACent
129、uryonNewBrunswicksN.W.MiramichiGeorgeS.MumfordHardback$29.99Paperback$19.99E-book$3.99Experiencethegreatnessofnatureandthegloryoflife.InACenturyonNewBrunswicksN.W.Miramichi,GeorgeS.Mumfordshareshisfathersjournal,onethatrecordedanunforgettablefirsttriptoabreathtakingregionofCanada.IChosetoBeaU.S.Mari
130、neGeorgeW.CarringtonHardback$23.99Paperback$14.95E-book$3.99IChosetoBeaU.S.MarineisauthorGeorgeW.CarringtonsmilitarymemoirsduringhismanyyearsasaU.S.soldieratsea.Thishighlyinterestingandinformativebookisfilledwithstoriesofbraveryandheroismlightenedbyamusingstories,andittellsoftheauthorslifeinthemarin
131、es.1.IfyouareinterestedinCanadianwilderness,youcanread.A.SheFliesThroughtheAirB.IChosetoBeaU.S.MarineC.NeverQuotetheWeathertoaSeaLionD.ACenturyonNewBrunswicksN.W.Miramichi2.Whichtwoauthorsofthefollowinghaveasimilarexperience?A.LeeStathandPaulBinder.B.LeeStathandGeorgeS.Mumford.C.PaulBinderandGeorgeW
132、.Carrington.D.GeorgeS.MumfordandGeorgeW.Carrington.3.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.introducetheauthorsB.providespecialoffersC.expandreadershorizonsD.recommendthebooks答案语篇解读本文为应用文。文章向读者推荐了几本值得阅读的好书。1.D细节理解题。根据第三本书ACenturyonNewBrunswicksN.W.Miramichi的介绍Experiencethegreatnessofnatureandthegloryoflif
133、e.onethatrecordedanunforgettablefirsttriptoabreathtakingregionofCanada.可知本题选择D项。2.A细节理解题。从第一本书和第二本书的介绍中看到了相同的关键词circus,故本题选择A项。3.D主旨大意题。从文章的标题和内容都可以看出此篇文章向读者推荐值得阅读的书籍,故选择D项。Passage14Whileyourcompetitorsarestillwaitingforthewatertowarmup,youcouldbegivingyourdragonboatseasonajumpstartwithapaddlingvaca
134、tioninOrlando,Florida.Springcampissuitableforallagesandlevels,perfectforthoselookingforabreakfromtheordinary(orcold)whileenjoyingthesportofdragonboatwithlike-mindedpeople.The2018FloridaTrainingCamppromisestobeaweekoffunandfitnessonandoffthewater.Registerasateam,smallgrouporindividual,withcustomizabl
135、e(可定做的)add-onsforthoselookingtogiveanedgetotheirpersonalperformance.TheweekwillcloseoutonSaturdaywithacampBBQandaracingregatta!OpeningfestivitiesbeginontheeveningofSundayApril15thwithcampcheck-in.TrainingbeginsonMondayApril16thandendsonSaturdayApril21st.GWNFLORIDATRAININGCAMPDates:MondayApril16thtoS
136、aturdayApril21st,2018Price:$395,$370beforeJanuary19th,2018Featuresinclude:DailyscheduleTwicedailydragonboattrainingsessionsDailyvideoanalysisIndividualhelp(twiceweekly)AdditionaldailygroupsessionsCamp-sponsoredsocialsCUSTOMIZEYOURCAMPEXPERIENCETheoptionsoutlinedbelowareavailableduringtheweekofcampan
137、dcanbebookedasanadd-on.Add-onscanbeincludedinyourinitialregistrationorpurchasedatalatertimethroughtheonlineregistrationsystem.Option1:HighPerformanceProgram,Cost:$75Ifyouwanttolearnhowtomoveyourboatfaster,thentheHighPerformanceprogramisforyou!Thisoptionconsistsofthreeone-hoursessionscompletelyfocuse
138、donracingtechniques,strategies,anddrills,withthegoalofincreasingyouroverallspeed.Option2:CoachingCommunityDragonBoat(Level1),Cost:$175Thiscourseisintendedforanyoneinterestedinentry-levelcoaching.Expectthematerialincludedinthecoursetocoversafety,ethics(道德)incoaching,coach-athletecommunication,basicdr
139、agonboattechnique,basicphysiologicalrequirementsofdragonboatracing,raceandpracticeplanning,plusmore.1.Accordingtothepassage,inthiscamp.A.youwillenjoyaBBQattheopeningB.youneedtobeover18C.youshouldhavesomedragonboatskillsD.youcanhavefunonland2.HowmuchdoesthecampwithOption1costifyoupayattheendof2017?A.
140、$370.B.$395.C.$445.D.$470.3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.Option1includesathree-hoursessionB.add-onscanbeboughtduringregistrationC.Option2isforthosefondofadvancedcoachingD.thevideoanalysisiscoveredinthecoachingcourse4.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.A.recommendanupcomingtrainingcampB.introducetheoptions
141、inatrainingcampC.provideideasabouthowtospendavacationD.offeradviceonhowtowinindragonboatraces答案语篇解读本文为应用文,介绍了2018年佛罗里达州龙舟集训营的相关信息。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句The2018FloridaTrainingCamppromisestobeaweekoffunandfitnessonandoffthewater.可知本题选择D项。2.C推理判断题。根据Price:$395,$370beforeJanuary19th,2018以及Option1:HighPerfo
142、rmanceProgram,Cost:$75可知价格为$370+$75=$445,故选C项。3.B细节理解题。根据Add-onscanbeincludedinyourinitialregistrationorpurchasedatalatertimethroughtheonlineregistrationsystem. 可知本题选B项。4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段以及文章介绍的具体信息可知本文在向读者推荐一个龙舟集训营。高级语块1.giveanedgeto 给加分,使增强2.consistof包括长难句Thisoptionconsistsofthreeone-hoursessionscompl
143、etelyfocusedonracingtechniques,strategies,anddrills,withthegoalofincreasingyouroverallspeed.这一选项包括三节一小时课程,完全集中在比赛技巧、策略以及操练上,其目标就是要提高你的整体速度。focusedon.为过去分词短语作定语,修饰one-hoursessions。Passage15Prinker:ColorYourWayTattoosalwayslooksocool,butactuallygettingoneisquiteacommitment.Afterall,apartfromusingexpen
144、sivelaserremovaltherapy,theystayonyourskinforever.Prinkerisheretochangethegame.Itisadevice(设备)thatletsyoucreateorprintanyimageortemporarytattooswithinamatterofseconds.Itisconnectedtoyoursmartphoneandyoucanselectabunchofpreloadedtattoosavailableintheapp.ThisdevicewasexhibitedatTheInternationalConsume
145、rElectronicsShowinLasVegasthisyear.ItismanufacturedbyaKoreanstart-upcalled “SketchOn”.Youcansketchyourideasoutonyourskinwiththisportabledevicethatisalmosttwicethesizeofacomputermouse.Thisisanicewaytosupportyourteaminthematchbyprintingitslogoordesignonyourskin.Youcanalsoshareyourtattoodesignswithothe
146、rsthroughtheapp.Itisalsoafunandcreativetoyforkidstoplaywith.Inordertoprintthedesign,allyouneedtodoisselectordrawadesignonyourmobileandthenpressandrubthebaseofthedeviceagainstyourskinandyouaredone.Thesedesignsandimagesarewater-resistantbutcanbewashedoffwithsoapwater.TheinkofPrinkerisnon-toxicandismad
147、eonlyfromcertifiedcosmeticingredients.Eachcartridge(墨盒)containsenoughinkforabout1,500tattoos,orasJ.R.Smithwouldcallit, “agoodstart”.Prinkerisdevelopedbyasmallteamoffivemembers.ThecompanyisplanningtolaunchthedeviceinChinaandthenintheUnitedStates.ThedeviceiscurrentlycommercializinginKoreaasarentaldevi
148、ce.Theagenciesandorganizationspay$150foradaytouseitintheireventsormarketing.ThecurrentversionofPrinkerisaimedatbusinessusers(thinkfestivals,carnivals,sportsevents,promotioncampaigns).Butthecompanyisworkingonahomeversion,andhopestohaveitavailabletobuybeforetheendof2018.SketchOnestimatesthepersonalmod
149、elwillretailat$200.Thecompanyiscurrentlyseekingtopartnerinternationalagenciesfordistributionopportunities.AlthoughPrinkeriscurrentlyaimedatnoveltyandcreativepurposes,itstechnologiescouldeventuallybeadaptedforusebyprofessionaltattooartistsormedicalprofessionalswhoprovidetattoosforpatients,suchasafter
150、abreastcanceroperationorskingraft.1.Accordingtothepassage,tattoosbyPrinker. A.canstaypermanentlyB.areconvenienttoprintC.candrawmoreattentionD.areexpensivetoremove2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Prinkercanbeusedtocreateanyimageinashorttime.B.Prinkerispreloadedwithmanytattoodesignsinside.C.Prinkerisa
151、vailableforkidsintheirdailyactivities.D.Prinkerhasbeenadaptedforprofessionaluse.3.WherecanweprobablyusePrinkeratpresent?A.Atacompanyannualmeeting.B.Atasurgicalwardinthehospital.C.Atafamilygatheringathome.D.Ataprofessionaltattooshop.4.Thepassageisintendedto.A.persuadepeopletobuyPrinkerB.promotevariou
152、smethodsofgettingtattoosC.introduceanewtattooprintingdevicetoreadersD.searchforbusinesspartnersforfurtherexpansion答案语篇解读本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种可以快速制作文身的设备Prinker。1.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Itisadevicethatletsyoucreateorprintanyimageortemporarytattooswithinamatterofseconds.可知本题选择B项。2.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Itisadevicethatl
153、etsyoucreateorprintanyimageortemporarytattooswithinamatterofseconds.可知选择A项。根据youcanselectabunchofpreloadedtatoosavailableintheapp可知,是手机软件里可以预先装载图案而不是Prinker这个设备中。所以排除B项。3.A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句ThecurrentversionofPrinkerisaimedatbusinessusers(thinkfestivals,carnivals,sportsevents,promotioncampaigns).可知本
154、题选择A项,公司年会属于商业用途。4.C主旨大意题。纵观全文,文章主要向读者介绍了一种新的文身设备,所以本题选择C项。高级语块1.water-resistantadj. 防水的2.retailat 以价格零售长难句AlthoughPrinkeriscurrentlyaimedatnoveltyandcreativepurposes,itstechnologiescouldeventuallybeadaptedforusebyprofessionaltattooartistsormedicalprofessionalswhoprovidetattoosforpatients,suchasafte
155、rabreastcanceroperationorskingraft.尽管Prinker目前针对的是新颖的、有创造性的用途,但是它的技术最终可以被专业的文身师所用或者被医学专家用来给病人文身,比如在做完乳腺癌手术或植皮手术后。句子的主句中含有一个定语从句whoprovidetattoosforpatients,用来修饰medicalprofessionals。Passage16Indian-originAnvithaVijayhasgivennewmeaningtothephrase “ageisjustanumber”;shehasprovedthatachievementsandknowl
156、edgefollowpassionandnotjustageandexperience.Vijay,wholiveswithherparentsinMelbourne,Australia,attheageofsevenrealisedthatherpiggy-bankdidnothaveenoughmoneytohireadevelopertomakeheranapp,soshedecidedtoteachherselfhowtocode.WiththehelpofYouTubevideos,theyoungtechielearnedtocode.Foroneentireyear,shewat
157、chedmultiplecodingtutorialsonthewebandbecameaprogrammerherself.Vijaysinspirationfordevelopingtheappswasherlittlesister,whowasstilllearningtotalk.Therefore,Vijaydevelopedaneducationalappforchildrenthatwerehersistersage.TheappiscalledSmartkins,whichusesabout100soundsandflashcardsofdifferentanimalsthat
158、helpchildrenlearnandidentify.Later,VijaydevelopedasimilariOSappforchildrentoidentifyandlearncolors.Eachapphasbeendownloadedthousandsoftimes.AnvithasskillswonherascholarshiptoattendabigtechconferencehostedbyAppleinSanFrancisco,California.There,shegottipsfromthepros.Shewenttoworkshopswhereshelearnedab
159、outthelatestsoftwareforappbuilding.Allthattrainingledtoanideaforathirdapp.Thisone,calledGoalsHi,inspireskidstopracticegoodhabits.Usersarerewardedforachievinggoals,suchaseatingtheirvegetablesorpracticingthepiano.Anvithasaystherewardsarelikegettingastickerforajobwelldone.Anvithasgoalistocontinuecreati
160、ngtechnologythathelpskidslearnwhilehavingfun.Butwhatisevenmoreimportanttoheristhattheworldseesthepoweroftechnologyinkidshands. “Themoretrainingwegetintechatanearlyage,” shesays, “thebetterchancewehaveofbecomingcreativitychampionswhowillonedaychangetheworld.”1.Vijaytaughtherselftocodebecause.A.shecou
161、ldntaffordadeveloperB.hersisterbeggedherC.shevaluedhersavingsverymuchD.herparentshadconfidenceinher2.VijaysappGoalsHiintendstohelpkids.A.identifycolorsB.practicegoodhabitsC.learndifferentanimalsD.getintechatanearlyage3.Whatistherightorderoftheevents?a.Learnthelatestsoftwareforappbuilding.b.Teachhers
162、elfhowtocode.c.DevelopSmartkinsapp.d.BuildasimilariOSapp.A.cbadB.bacdC.bcdaD.cdab4.Vijaysstoryindicatesthat.A.oneheadcannotholdallwisdomB.passionfuelstheyoungtoachieveC.fromsmallbeginningscomegreatthingsD.allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。主人公小小年纪就自学编程并制作应用程序,是一个名副其实的科技达人。1.A细节理解题。根据
163、文章第二段第一句中的attheageofsevenrealisedthatherpiggy-bankdidnothaveenoughmoneytohireadevelopertomakeheranapp,soshedecidedtoteachherselfhowtocode可知本题选择A项。2.B细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句Thisone,calledGoalsHi,inspireskidstopracticegoodhabits.可知本题选择B项。3.C细节理解题。本篇文章是按照事件发展的先后顺序记叙的,因此我们可以按段落顺序来梳理事件的发生顺序,b出现在第二段,c出现在第三段前半部分,
164、d出现在第三段后半部分,a出现在第四段,因此本题选择C项。4.B主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的shehasprovedthatachievementsandknowledgefollowpassionandnotjustageandexperience可知本题选择B项。Passage17TheAmazingPenguinRescueInthesummerof2016,theshipMVTreasuresunk,creatinganoilspill.ThirteenhundredtonsoffueloilwereflowingrightinthemiddleoftheAfricanPenguin
165、shabitat.Soontheoilcoveredabout20,000penguins.Withoutswifthelp,theseabirdswouldhavenochanceofsurvival.VolunteerswereshowingupbythethousandsandIalsotookpartinwhatwasthelargestanimalrescueoperationever.Awarehousewasturnedintoarescuecenternearthehabitatandhundredsofpoolswerebuilttoholdabout100oiledbird
166、seach.Whenwalkingintothecenter,Icouldntbelievemyears.Ihadexpectedtowalkintoachorusofhonkingandsquawking(叫声).Instead,thecentersoundedlikealibrary.Thepenguinsweredeadsilent.Myheartachedforthepainfulbirds.Cleaningthemallseemedlikeanimpossibletask.Butwehadtocarryonlikedoctorsinanemergencyroom.Therewasno
167、timefordoubt.Cleaningoiloffapenguinwasnteasy.Evenwithmorethan12,500volunteers,ittookamonthtobatheall20,000birdsatthecenter.Whilevolunteerswerebusybathingtheoiledpenguins,anothercrisis(危机)wasdeveloping.Oilfromthespillhadstartedmovingnorth.Tensofthousandsofpenguinswereintheoilspath.Butwealreadyhadourh
168、andsfullwith20,000recoveringbirds.Ifanymorebirdswereoiled,wewouldnthaveenoughresourcestosavethem.Oneresearchercameupwithanidea:Whatifthepenguinsweretemporarilymovedoutofharmsway?Expertsdecidedtohaveatry.Volunteersroundedupthepenguinsandreleasedthem500milesaway.Thehopewasthatbythetimetheseabirdsswamh
169、ome,theoilwouldbegone.Theplanworked!Another20,000penguinsweresaved.Theentirepenguinrescuetookaboutthreemonths.Morethan90%oftheoiledpenguinsweresuccessfullyreturnedtothewild.Lookingbackontherescue,Iamstillamazedbytheworkofthevolunteers.WhatIcouldhardlybelievewasthatweaccomplishedanimpossibletask.1.Th
170、eAfricanpenguinswereindangerbecauseof.A.aknockbyashipB.aspillofoilC.achangeofhabitatsD.alackofhelp2.Whenwalkingintotherescuecenter,theauthorfelt.A.ambitiousB.hopelessC.shockedD.inspired3.Thecrisiswasendedby.A.stoppingtheflowoftheoilB.cleaningthepollutedhabitatC.askingmorevolunteerstohelpD.movingthep
171、enguinsfromhome4.Theauthormainlyintendstotellusthat.A.manyhandsmakegreatworkB.wherethereisawillthereisawayC.thefutureofwildlifeisinourhandsD.unitetomaketheearthpollution-free答案语篇解读本文是记叙文。2016年夏天,由于船只沉没导致燃油泄漏,危及企鹅生命。作者与其他志愿者一起参与企鹅救援工作。1.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二、三、四句可知非洲企鹅处于危险是因为燃油泄漏。2.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Whenwa
172、lkingintothecenter,Icouldntbelievemyears.可知作者感到震惊。3.D细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知最后危机化解的途径是让企鹅从它们的家园迁走。4.A主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段最后两句作者的感叹可知通过对此次救援行动的描述作者想告诉我们人多力量大。高级语块1.oilspill 燃油泄漏2.tensofthousandsof数以万计的长难句Ifanymorebirdswereoiled,wewouldnthaveenoughresourcestosavethem.如果有更多的企鹅被燃油污染,我们将没有足够的资源来挽救它们了。此句用了虚拟语气,表示对现在的虚拟
173、,从句谓语为相当于过去式的形式,主句谓语为wouldnotdo的形式。Passage18Thecruisetourismisthefastestgrowingindustryinthetravelindustry.Withrapidgrowthinthenumberofpassengers,thenumberofcruiseshipsatsea,andtheincreasedvarietyofdestinations,thefastgrowthintheindustryfollowswithincreasinginfluencesontheenvironment.Likemanytraveli
174、ndustries,thenegativeinfluencesontheenvironmentseemtooutweighthepositiveones.Eventhoughthecruiseindustryisrelativelysmallcomparedtotheairlineindustry,cruiseshipsandtheirpassengersgeneratemorewasteandpollutantemissions(排放物)whiletravellinganddockinginport.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtect
175、ionAgency,aone-weekvoyagegeneratesmorethan50tonsofgarbage,andduringthatsameweek3.78millionlitresofwastewaterisproduced.Thatiswaterwhichisharmfultotheoceanlifeandcannotbepouredbackintotheoceanwithoutbeingtreated.Thesenumbersaremultipliedbymorethan200cruiseshipssailingtheworld365daysayear.Duetopolluti
176、on,coralreefs(珊瑚礁)aretakingsignificantdamage.Thereare109countrieswithcoralreefs.In90ofthem,reefsarebeingdamagedbycruiseships.Itissaid70%ofcruisedestinationsareinthespotswiththeexistenceofawidevarietyofseaplantsandanimals.However,itisnottheamountofpollutiongeneratedbycruiseshipsthatismostconcerned,bu
177、trather,thewaycruiseshipsdealwiththeirwaste.Thewaycruiseshipsgetridofwasteishighlyunregulated.Wastecanbepouredafewshortmilesoffshore,whichislaterbroughtbacktoshoreduetooceancurrents.Inmostcases,therewasnomonitoringoradministrationfromlocalauthoritiesifcruiseshipsviolatedthepollutionstandards.Thecrui
178、seindustrycontinuestopromoteitselfasenvironmentallyfriendly;thetruthis,therearemanyexamplesofcruiseshipsbreakingthelaw.Processingwasteonboardisnotimpossibleforcruiseindustries.Sincetheincreasedharmfuleffectsontheenvironmenthavecometolight,somecruiseindustrieshavedonetheirpartandastechnologyincreases
179、,theirabilitytobecomemoreeco-friendlyhasbecomethemostimportant.HollandAmericaLinehasinvested$1.5millioninaprogramcalledSeawaterScrubberPilot.Thisprogramlooksforopportunitiestoreduceengineemissiononitsships.TheSeawaterScrubbersystemusesthenaturalchemistryofseawatertoremoveallharmfulmaterialsintheseaw
180、aterbeforeitispouredoverboard.Eventhoughitisonlyasmallstep,itmakesabigdifference.Theenvironmentalimpactofthecruiseindustryonthedestinationhasnegativeeffects.However,witheffortmade,thereisstillhopethattheseeffectscanbelimited,oraswewish,reduced.1.Whataddstocruiseshipspollution?A.Lackofproperregulatio
181、ns.B.Growingsizeofcruiseships.C.Servicesystemsoncruiseships.D.Uselesswater-treatingprogram.2.WhydidtheauthormentionHollandAmericaLine?A.Tostressenvironmentalprotectionmatters.B.Toevaluatetheeffectsofnaturalchemistry.C.TointroducetheSeawaterScrubbersystem.D.Toprovesomeanti-pollutionmeasureworks.3.Wha
182、tisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Influencesofcruisetourism.B.Problemsintouristindustry.C.Consequencesofoceanpollution.D.Administrationofcruiseemissions.4.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B.Bydiscussingproblemsandsolutions.C.Bycomparingbenefitsanddisadvantages.D.Bypresentingsimilarities
183、anddifferences.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。乘船旅游产业迅速发展,随之而来的很多问题不容忽视。1.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知关于游轮如何处理垃圾的问题没有具体的规定并且一些当地的政府部门监管不力,因此本题选择A项。2.D推理判断题。文章主要阐述乘船旅游产业发展给环境带来的问题,而荷美邮轮公司投资的项目则是要通过一些手段来减少对海水的污染,因此选择D项。3.A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句Withrapidgrowthinthenumberofpassengers,thenumberofcruiseshipsatsea,andtheincreasedvarietyofdes
184、tinations,thefastgrowthintheindustryfollowswithincreasinginfluencesontheenvironment. 可知本题选择A项。4.B逻辑结构题。文章主要探讨了乘船旅游产业发展带来的污染问题,最后三段针对污染问题提出解决办法,因此本题选择B项。高级语块cometolight 为人所知,被披露出来长难句Withrapidgrowthinthenumberofpassengers,thenumberofcruiseshipsatsea,andtheincreasedvarietyofdestinations,thefastgrowthin
185、theindustryfollowswithincreasinginfluencesontheenvironment. 随着乘客、海上游轮和旅游目的地数量的急速增长,乘船旅游产业也快速发展,与此同时该产业对环境的影响也随之增长。句中的主语是thefastgrowthintheindustry,谓语是follows,句首的With.destinations是介宾短语,中间的逗号和and表明它们之间是并列关系。Passage19Scienceisfinallybeginningtoembraceanimalswhowere,foralongtime,consideredsecond-classci
186、tizens.AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one.He
187、althyhensmayaidfriends,andmournwhenthosefriendsdie.Pigsrespondmeaningfullytohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStatecarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXorOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheOs.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-l
188、ifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat.Ivebeenguiltyofprejudicedexpectations,myself.Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesoutthinkotheranimals.Theyreot
189、herprimates(灵长目动物),afterall,animalsfromourownmammalian(哺乳动物的)class.Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalesarealsomastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtomakeaviewpointshifti
190、noursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulproceduresinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.Overtime,though,asIbegantobroadenoutevenfurtherandexploretheinnerlivesoffish,chickens,pigs,goats,andcows,Istartedtowonder:Willthe
191、newscienceof “foodanimals” bringanethical(伦理的)revolutionintermsofwhoweeat?Inotherwords,willourethicsstarttocatchupwiththedevelopmentofourscience?Animalactivistsarealreadythere,ofcourse,committedtonoteatingtheseanimals.Butwhatabouttherestofus?Canpayingattentiontothethinkingandfeelingoftheseanimalslea
192、dustomakechangesinwhoweeat?1.AccordingtoAnniePotts,henshavetheabilityof.A.interactionB.analysisC.creationD.abstraction2.Theresearchintopigsshowsthatpigs.A.learnlettersquicklyB.haveagoodeyesightC.canbuildupagoodrelationshipD.canapplyknowledgetonewsituations3.Paragraph4ismainlyabout.A.thesimilaritiesb
193、etweenmammalsandhumansB.thenecessityoflong-termstudiesonmammalsC.achangeofattitudetothetreatmentofanimalsD.adiscoveryofhowanimalslearntoexpressthemselves4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheInnerLivesofFoodAnimalsB.TheLifestyleofFoodAnimalsC.ScienceReportsonFoodAnimalsD.ARevolutioninFoodAnima
194、ls答案语篇解读本文为说明文。我们了解我们生活中会吃掉的动物吗?了解之后会不会对它们的态度发生改变?1.B推理判断题。根据文章第二段前两句AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschooset
195、ogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one.可知,母鸡具有辨别和分析能力。2.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中的theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat可知猪能进行知识迁移,故本题选择D项。3.C主旨大意题。根据第四段最后一句Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtomakeaviewpointshiftinoursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulproceduresinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.可知对动物们有了深入的了解,人们就会产生态度上的变化,故选择C项。4.A主旨大意题。文章主要围绕我们平时食用的动物的内在(我们不知道的方面)进行探究,因此选择A项。高级语块beguiltyof 犯下的罪
