1、Unit 5The power of nature本单元的中心话题是火山、飓风、地震和洪水等自然灾害，听说读写等语言知识和语言技能主要围绕“自然灾害”及如何预防和利用自然灾害这一主题进行。本单元引导学生讨论这些问题，目的在于帮助学生掌握与“自然灾害”这一主题有关的词汇知识，让他们了解自然界的威力，认识到人类只有保护自然，才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然，同时也培养了他们热爱大自然的情操。本单元的主要教学内容如下表所示：类别课程标准要求掌握的内容话题volcanoes；crater lakes；cyclones；floods词汇appointv.任命；委派ashn.灰；灰末wavevi.波
2、动；挥手n波涛hurricanen.飓风；风暴suitv.适合；使适宜n套装questionnairen.问卷；调查表shootv.射中；射伤equipmentn.设备；装备panicv.惊慌n恐慌databasen.数据库；资料库guaranteev.保证；担保helmetn.头盔potentialn.潜在性；潜能adj.可能的bootn.靴子anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望candidaten.候选人；候补者absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的bungalown.平房；小屋actualadj.实在的；实际的typhoonn.台风anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的thunderstor
3、mn.雷暴alongsideadv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在旁边；沿着的边novelistn.小说家absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地fogn.雾eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生documentn.文件；证件evaluatev.评估；评价；估计rainbown.彩虹fountainv. 泉水般地喷出或涌出n喷泉；源泉balconyn.阳台tremblevi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖shotn.射击；枪炮声sweatvi.出汗n汗appreciationn.欣赏；感激；感谢bathevi.洗澡；游泳preciousadj.贵重的；珍贵的diagramn.图解；图表；示意图uncomfo
4、rtableadj.不舒服的；不舒适的volcanon.火山unconsciousadj.失去知觉的；未察觉的eruptionn.火山爆发；(战争等)爆发diverseadj. 多种多样的；不同的make ones way 前往burn to the ground全部焚毁glance through 匆匆看一遍attach.to.把附在上vary from.to.由到不等compare.with.把和做比较a live volcano 一座活火山be about to do 即将；马上；正要做part of 部分run out of 跑出去；用光；耗尽out of the way不挡道；不碍事
5、；躲开look down into向下看be covered with被所覆盖，遮掩take.by surprise使吃惊a great diversity of 多种多样的be home to 是的栖息地；原产地in the distance 在远处；在远方pick up 拾起；捡起on earth 在地球上；究竟；到底；根本protect sb./sth.against/from sth.保护不受的伤害句型1.Having_collected_and_evaluated_the_information，I help other scientists to predict where lav
6、a from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(the ing form)2.I was_about_to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(sb.be about to do sth.when.)3.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being_my_first_experience，I stayed a
7、t the top and watched them.(the ing form)4.Having_studied_volcanoes_now_for_many_years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.(the ing form)5.My job is collecting_information_for_a_database_about_Mount_Kilauea.(the ing form)6.I was appointed as a volcanolo
8、gist working_for_the_Hawaiian_Volcano_Observatory(HVO)_twenty_years_ago.(the ing form)功能情感：喜悦、恐惧、焦虑、惊奇(Emotions：joy，fear，anxiety，surprise)I became so excited that.Im looking forward to.Perfect! You did a good job.Im frightened. I was trembling.I was so anxious. I felt very nervous.Oh，my goodness. Oh
9、，no!I had never felt so happy as. Doesnt that look lovely?I cant wait. I was never so frightened.Whats happening? Whats happened?Whats that noise? Wheres the.？语法复习ing形式(Revise the ing form)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO) twenty years ago.My job is
10、 collecting_information_for_a_database_about_Mount_Kilauea.Having_worked_hard_all_day，I went to bed early.Having_experienced_quite_a_few_earthquakes_in_Hawaii_already，I didnt take much notice.教学重点1.Get students to know about disasters that are caused by natural forces.2Have students learn some usefu
11、l new words and expressions about natural disasters and let them learn effective ways to master them.3Enable students to express their emotions such as joy，fear，anxiety and surprise.4Let students get a better understanding of the grammar item：the ing form.5Develop students listening，speaking，reading
12、 and writing ability.教学难点1.Enable students to master the usages of the ing form.2Let students learn to write a letter expressing emotions.3Develop students integrative skills.课时安排Periods needed：6Period 1Warming Up，Prereading，Reading and ComprehendingPeriod 2Language StudyPeriod 3Grammarthe ing FormP
13、eriod 4Listening and SpeakingPeriod 5Reading and WritingPeriod 6Summing Up，Learning Tip and AssessmentPeriod 1Warming Up，Prereading，Readingand Comprehending教学内容分析This is the first teaching period of this unit.The central part of this period is the reading passage with the name of An Exciting Job sho
14、wing the students the power of nature.Warming Up gives two topics for students to discuss，letting students get some more knowledge about the power of nature.Prereading provides some questions and a questionnaire to help students focus on the topic of the reading passage and lead the students to thin
15、k about any personal experiences of working outside，such as things about climbing into a live volcano，doing dangerous work，travelling，taking risks，adventure，studying rocks and so on.Reading is a firstperson account of a volcanologists experiences.He loves his job very much because he can help protec
16、t ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth.His job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea and helping other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.Once，he watched an eruption and then collected some lava for later stud
17、y.After many years，he is still enthusiastic about his job.Reading contains a picture that is an absolutely fantastic sight.After a glance at the title of the text and the headlines within it we know that it is an account，in which there are many emotion expressions.Then we can understand the topic of
18、 the text and how the information is organized.Comprehending consists of three written or oral exercises for the students to do so as to help the students to get a better understanding of the text，that is to say，to help the teacher to check how much the students have understood the text.三维目标设计Knowle
19、dge and skills1To know the meanings of the following new words and phrases：diagram(示意图)，volcano(火山)，erupt(爆发)，eruption(火山爆发)，ash(灰末)，hurricane(飓风)，questionnaire(调查表)，alongside(在旁边；在旁边)，equipment(装备)，appoint(委派)，database(数据库)，evaluate(评估)，wave(波浪)，fountain(泉水般地喷出或涌出；喷泉；源泉)，absolute(绝对的)，absolutely(绝对
20、地)，suit(一套外衣)，helmet(头盔)，boot(靴子)，potential(潜在性；潜在的)，actual(实在的)，burn to the ground(全部焚毁)，make ones way(前往)2To learn about some disasters that are caused by natural forces，how people feel in dangerous situations and the ways in which humans protect themselves from natural disasters.3To learn how the
21、 information is organized.4To develop the students reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.5To develop the students speaking ability by talking about natural forces.Process and methods1While doing Warming Up the teacher can lead in the topic of this unit by showing students some picture
22、s of natural disasters and introducing some technical vocabulary concerning volcanoes to review and develop students understanding of what a volcano is.To ask students to consider other natural disasters and the ways humans deal with them.2During Prereading the teacher can go around the classroom an
23、d discuss the questions with several students.This discussion should be studentcentered and arouse students interest in working outside.The teacher should also ask the students some questions and try to let them have a general knowledge of volcanoes.3While doing Reading and Comprehending，the teacher
24、 may first ask the students to read the text quickly to get the general idea of each paragraph.After reading the passage carefully，students are encouraged to answer some questions and discuss the text structure.4To consolidate the contents of the reading passage，the students should be required to re
25、tell the volcanologists experiences in their own words at the end of the class.Emotion，attitude and value1To stimulate students love to nature.2To develop students sense of cooperative learning.教学重、难点1To enable the students to learn about the power of nature and to develop their reading ability.2To
26、enable the students to talk about natural forces.Step 1Warming up1Warming up by looking and talkingShow the following pictures to the students and let them know about the power of nature and talk about them.Sample expressions：What happened in the pictures above？Do you know any other natural disaster
27、s？Please work with your partners and make a list of natural disasters(such as earthquake，snowstorm，flood，drought)Have you ever seen a volcano?(Some new words：lavaerupt/eruptioncrateractive/dormant/extinct volcanoes.)2Warming up by reading the passage below.Some knowledge about volcanoesThere are tho
28、usands of volcanoes all over the world.What makes volcanoes？What happens?The inside of the earth is very hot.Because it is very，very hot，the rock has melted like ice.It has become liquid，like water.It is always boiling，like water in a kettle.If you have seen a kettle boiling，you know that the steam
29、and boiling water try to get out.The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out.Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak.Sometimes a crack(a small opening)appears.The hot melted rock，which
30、 we call “lava”，pushes up through the crack and bursts through.Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out.Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.After a while the volcano becomes quiet again.The melted lava becomes hard.Later the same thing happens again and ag
31、ain.Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard.In this way a kind of mountain is built up，with a hole down the middle.Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet and no more lava will burst out.Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.Vesuvius is the name o
32、f a very famous volcano in Italy.It first came to life many，many years ago.It was quiet for hundreds of years.Then in the year 79 it suddenly burst.A great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks，which fell all around.Hot lava poured down its sides.About 3000 people were killed.
33、Step 2Prereading 1.Can you imagine climbing into a live volcano in order to measure the temperature of the boiling rock inside？Now，read the following passage please.Why does Tazieff risk his life like this?Haroun Tazieff，the polish scientist，has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep
34、caves in all parts of the world.In 1948，he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.Tazieff was able to set up his camp very closed to the volcanoes while it was erupting violently.Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs，he could not sta
35、y near the volcanoes for very long.He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.It threatened to surround him completely.But Tazieff managed to escape just in time，he waited until the volcanoes became quiet and he was able to return two days later.This time，he managed to climb into
36、the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.2Encourage students to talk more about volcanoes by looking at the following pictures.Step 3Reading
37、and comprehending1Fastreading：Ask students to skim the passage so as to get the key words and general idea of each paragraph and answer the question：Whats the main idea of the text?2Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.(1)Why is a volcanologists job important?(2)Why is the l
38、ava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption?(3)Why was it difficult for the writer to walk towards the edge of the crater?(4)What does the writer find impressive about volcanoes even after studying them for many years?(5)What did the author think it was when an eruption o
39、ccurred?(6)Why did the scientists look like spacemen?Suggested answers：1This passage is a firstperson account of a volcanologists experiences.The volcanologist described his exciting job and wrote down his first sight of an eruption.2(1)Volcanologists study volcanoes so that they can warn people whe
40、n the volcano is going to erupt and so save many lives.(2)The lava flows down the mountain and can cover up or burn villages in its path.The rocks that erupt from the volcano usually dont damage anything because no one lives near the crater.(3)The author was wearing special protective clothing that
41、made it difficult to walk.(4)The author finds their beauty and their potential to cause great damage very impressive.(5)He thought it was an earthquake.(6)Because they wore white protective suits that covered their whole body.3Ask students to scan for detailed information and discuss the following q
42、uestion with their partners and be prepared to report to the class.Question：Having learned a little more about the work of a volcanologist，do you think it is an occupation you would enjoy？Give you reasons.Suggested answers: No，I probably wouldnt enjoy this job because I wouldnt have to live in other
43、 countries and I dont like being in dangerous situations，either.Above all，Im not very good at science.ORYes，Id love to do a job like this because I would enjoy working outside and I think I would enjoy the adventure.It would be exciting to meet people from different countries and I would feel good a
44、bout helping people avoid danger.Step 4Language studyDealing with any language problem if any(words or sentences students might not understand)to help the students to have a better understanding of the text.Step 5Listening，reading aloud and underliningAsk students to read the passage aloud to the ta
45、pe and let them pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence.Tell them to pick out all the useful expressions or collocations from the passage while reading and copy them to the notebook after class as homework.Collocations：make ones way，a live volcano，be about
46、 to do，look down into，out of the way，be covered with，burn to the ground，attach.to.，compare.with.，run out ofStep 6Structure analyzing After reading，ask students to discuss the text structure.Keys for reference：This passage is a firstperson account of a volcanologists experiences.The volcanologist des
47、cribed his exciting job and wrote down his first sight of an eruption.The first paragraph introduces the topic and the theme of the text.The rest of the text presents the information in chronological order.A feature of an account of a volcanologists experiences is the abundance of time expressions.T
48、he last sentence of the report functions as a conclusion.In addition，each section begins with a topic sentence.Step 7RetellingAsk students to talk about the volcanologists experiences in their own words.Give them some key words and expressions.Then let them try to retell the passage.Step 8Homework1L
49、earn the useful new words and expressions in this part by heart.2Try to find more pictures showing natural forces and talk about them.Step 9Reflection after teaching_Reading：An Exciting Job郑晓燕费县第一中学本教案获山东省临沂市高中英语优质课评选一等奖Step ：LeadinStep ：Fast reading：Read the passage An Exciting Job as quickly as yo
50、u can and try to get the main idea of the passage.What is the main idea of the passage?AAn eruption occurred in Hawaii.BA volcanologists job is exciting.CA volcanologists exciting job and his first sight of an eruption.DA sight of an eruption is horrible.Step ：Detailed reading1Read the first and the
51、 second paragraphs and finish the following tasks.Why is a volcanologists job important?_The writer doesnt mind the occasional danger of his job because_.Ahe travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the worldBhe likes the different ways of workingChe thinks his job the mo
52、st importantDhe is excited about danger and feels alive As a result of the volcanologists job，_.Aother scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcanoBmany people have been warned to leave their homesCthe eruption causes less damageDthe eruption may be prevented from breaking out2Read the t
53、hird and the fourth paragraphs and finish the following tasks.What made the writer realize that an eruption occurred?What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it”？AHe felt much safer on the top while the other two scientists climbed
54、into the crater.BIt was his first sight of an eruption.CIt was the first time for him to watch the crater.DBoth B and C.3Read the last paragraph and prepare 12 questions to ask your partners about it.Step ：Searching reading1Analyze the sentence.Having collected and evaluated the information，I helped
55、 other scientists to predict where the lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.Having collected and evaluated the information是_，在句子中作_；predict后是由where和how引导的两个_。2Which sentence in the test can be replaced by the following one.The reason why I dont mind that my job is sometimes dangerous is
56、 that danger can be exciting and make me full of energy._3I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.“Potential” means：ApossibilityBopportunity4Translate the following sentence into Chinese.Having studied volcanoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their
57、 beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage._Step ：DiscussionHaving learned a little more about the work of a volcanologist，what qualities do you think a volcanologist should have？What quality do you think is the most important？And give your reasons.Do you like to be a volcanologist?Ste
58、p ：Homework 1For more information about natural forces，you may refer to：http：/2Finish the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions on Page 36.Mount EtnaSicilys greatest natural attraction is also its highest mountain.To the ancient Greeks，Mount Etna was the realm of Vulcan，god of fire，a
59、nd the home of the oneeyed monster known as the Cyclops.At approximately 3350 meters，it is Europes highest active volcano.The size of the summit changes with each eruption，and over the centuries a few lava flows have reached the coast.Over 1200 square meters of Etnas surface is covered with solidifi
60、ed lava.Etna offers skiing in the winter months and breathtaking hikes in the woods during the summer.There are also a number of smaller peaks on the slopes of Etna，and some interesting caverns.Since Etna is a strato volcano，with relatively cool lava temperatures and numerous openings(vents)，nobody ever knows precisely where on its vast surface the next eruption will be.Etnas long recorded history has proven invaluable to the worlds volcanologists.