1、Unit3阅读题组练速度.阅读ATheatre reflects the values of the civilization out of which it grows.The following are the types of theatre performances an ancient Roman might have witnessed then.FescennineVerseFescennine Verse was a pioneer of Roman comedy.Ironic and improvisational(即兴的),it was used mainly at fes
2、tivals or weddings,and as invective.With early native Italian funny dialogues in Latin verse,it was thought to have combined with a tradition of performances by masked dancers and musicians from Etruria.FabulaAtellanaFabula Atellana relied on common characters,masks,direct humor,and simple plots.The
3、y were performed by actors improvising.Fabula Atellana came from the Oscan city of Atella.There were 4 main types of characters:the braggart,the greedy blockhead,the clever hunchback and the stupid old man,like modern Punch and Judy shows.FabulaTogataNamed for the clothing symbolic of the Roman peop
4、le,Fabula Togata had various subtypes.One was the Fabula Tabernaria,named for the tavern(酒馆)where the comedys preferred characters,lowlifes,might be found.One describing more middle-class types,and continuing the Roman clothing theme,was the Fabula Trabeata.FabulaPraetextaFabula Praetexta is the nam
5、e for Roman tragedies on Roman themes,Roman history or current politics.Fabula Praetexta was less popular than tragedies on Greek themes.During the Golden Age of drama in the Middle Republic,there were four great Roman writers of tragedy,Naevius,Ennius,Pacuvius,and Accius.Of their surviving tragedie
6、s,90 titles remain.All the performances above began as a translation of Greek forms,even to the extent of their being performed in Greek costume.1.Where might an ancient Roman witness Fescennine Verse?A.At a party.B.At a funeral.C.At a wedding.D.At a concert.2.Which type of performance describes the
7、 middle-class life?A.Fabula Atellana.B.Fabula Tabernaria.C.Fabula Trabeata.D.Fabula Praetexta.3.What do the listed types of performances have in common?A.They copy Latin dramas.B.They take on Greek forms.C.They reflect Roman themes.D.They refer to Italian stories.BAlex Elman runs a big businesssomet
8、hing hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties.But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.Elmans father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981.Its where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life.When she was 27 years old,she w
9、ent blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes (青少年糖尿病) 17 years ago.She recalled,“I hid in my home.I hid in the place,to me,that was the safest place in the world.”Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines,a growing collection of organic wines from all around the world:Chianti from Italy,
10、Torrontes from Argentina.Elman doesnt work alone.Her assistant,a guide dog named Hanley,is something of a wine taster,and quite a beggar.Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does,from South America to Europe.At first,Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog.Now its hard to imagine her
11、 life,or her business,without him.She said,“When someone tells me something is organic and I dont really believe it because I taste something funny on it,Ill put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine,hell actually go in and sniff it.If its not right,hell turn his head away.He gets in the
12、dirt with me.He scratches around.He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies.Thats how we know that the soil is actually organic and there are no chemicals.”Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.She said,“It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was impo
13、rtant and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal,you know what I mean?Dont sweat the small stuff.Dont sweat the big stuff either.”4.What can we know about Elman from Paragraph 2?A.She suffered from juvenile diabetes from 27 years old.B.She liked playing hide-and-
14、seek during her childhood.C.She lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981.D.She got through her hard days in the vineyard.5.What would Elman do when she couldnt judge the wine exactly?A.She would make Hanley go in and sniff it.B.She would order Hanley to drink it.C.She would turn to Hanley
15、 for advice.D.She would have another taste herself.6.What does “the broken hang nail” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A.A nail which is of no use.B.A task that is hard to accomplish.C.A disadvantage you have in your life.D.A person who is hard to deal with.7.According to the passage,which of the following w
16、ill Elman most probably agree with?A.When life gives you lemons,make lemonade.B.The eye is blind if the mind is absent.C.A single tree does not make a forest.D.There is no royal road to success.CImagine reading a story titled “Pursuing Success”.That would be an inspiring story,wouldnt it?Maybebut ma
17、ybe not.It might well be the story of someone whose never-ending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness.Though it isnt a conventional medical addiction,for many people,success has addictive properties.Obviously,success goes with praise.To a certain extent,
18、praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine(神经递质多巴胺),which contributes to all addictive behavior.The desire for success may be in humans nature,but specialness doesnt come cheap.Success is tough work,and it requires bearing the cost of losing.In the 1980s,the physician Robert Goldman famously fo
19、und that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.Unfortunately,success is endless.The goal cant be satisfied;most people never feel “successful enough”.The high only lasts a day or
20、two,and then its on to the next goal.Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill (快乐跑步机现象),in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.People should get off the treadmill.But quitting isnt easy for addicts.For peop
21、le hooked on substances,withdrawal can be a painful experience,both physically and psychologically.Research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end.Olympic athletes,in particular,suffer from the “post-Olympic blues”.Just like wine,success in an
22、d of itself is not a bad thing.Both can bring fun and sweetness to life.But both become bossy when they are a substitute for instead of a complement (补充物) tothe relationships and love that should be at the center of our lives.8.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?A.Success doesnt alwa
23、ys bring positive results.B.A traditional medical addiction leads to success.C.The passion for constant success is rarely praised.D.Success addiction has already drawn wide attention.9.Why did the author mention the research findings of Robert Goldman?A.To argue that athletes deserve more rewards.B.
24、To illustrate success is a tough and cruel job.C.To describe the routine training of an ordinary athlete.D.To express his opinion on success:no pain,no gain.10.What can success bring to a success addict according to psychologists?A.Satisfaction and a sense of pride.B.Confidence and lifelong happines
25、s.C.Anxiety and short-lived happiness.D.Relaxation and endless motivation.11.What does the author suggest people do about pursuing success?A.Stop chasing success.B.Give up love and relationships.C.Chase success at any cost.D.Reflect on what matters in life.DDogs feel their way through the world with
26、 their noses.Researchers have started imitating this super skill with an artificial-intelligence-based detective tool.In a study published in February in PLOSONE,a multinational team reported an AI-powered system that is as accurate as trained dogs in correctly identifying cases of prostate (前列腺) ca
27、ncer from urine(尿) samples.Andreas Mershin,a research scientist from Massachusetts Institute of Technology,wants to eventually integrate the technology into smartphones:There would be a tiny sensor in the phone with AI software running in the cloud.Prostate cancer,the second most deadly cancer in me
28、n worldwide,is difficult to detect.The most widely used test can miss 15 percent of cancers.Trained dogs,on the other hand,were able to identify patients with prostate cancer from urine samples more than 96 percent of the time.Yet dogs can get bored and tired,so researchers want to develop an AI sys
29、tem that works more consistently.Living cells produce chemicals that come out from the skin,blood,urine and breath.Artificial noses,including the “Nano Nose” that Mershin and one of his colleagues developed,can already detect those chemicals at the same parts-per-billion concentration as dogs.The te
30、am added the chemical sensing to an artificial neural (神经的) networka type of AI algorithm that can learn from looking at examples how to identify faces,for instance.As the 2015 JournalofUrology study showed,dogs can be trained to reach more than 96 percent accuracy,and the AI can be trained to reach
31、 that same rate.Mershin plans to train the AI algorithm using data from the “Nano Nose”,which is currently one third the size of an iPhone and could be further shrunk to be integrated into smartphones.12.What is the “Nano Nose”?A.A device.B.A method.C.A database.D.A research team.13.What is the adva
32、ntage of the AI system over trained dogs in detecting prostate cancer?A.It has the ability to sense chemicals.B.It can collect samples in the cloud.C.It has the minimum error.D.It can ensure consistency.14.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “shrunk” in Paragraph 4?A.Made sma
33、ller.B.Cut shorter.C.Expanded.D.Upgraded.15.What is the ultimate goal of the research?A.To train dogs to detect diseases.B.To identify artificial faces.C.To produce AI noses to detect diseases.D.To add an AI sensor to the smartphone.七选五Would you like to build and launch your own rocket?Do you like i
34、nventing your own gadgets (小装置)?1If so,come and visit our five floors of interactive (互动的) exhibits.Find out about the weather,aeroplanes and ships,or discover how the computer developed.Theres something for the whole familythe youngest can push brightly-lit buttons and watch how things work,while g
35、randparents can enjoy our classic cars and planes.2 The first,Dead Ringers,shows how the mobile phone has created a huge global waste problem.Up to 50 million are thrown away each year;we show how scientists and charities are working together to stop this and how you can help.And in our 50 Year of C
36、artoon exhibition,you can come behind the scenes with us and see how your favorite animated characters were created.Then come to our 3D Cinema.Only 12 people have ever walked on the Moons surface and now you can be the next.3 Or take part in our cinemas 3D wildlife adventure.You will search for and
37、see elephants,rhinos,buffalos,lions and leopards,closely but safely.4 Here you will find everything you need to carry out your own experiments,along with books and educational games.We can hardly wait for your arrival!5 Visit our website at www.sciencemuseum.org for updates on events.Please note:som
38、e displays use flashing lights.No photography or video-recording are permitted inside the museum.A.Would you like to join us in the games?B.Do you want to find out how things work?C.Why not visit our two current temporary exhibitions?D.Visitors are shown to walk on the Moon.E.Finally stop at our sho
39、p on the way out.F.You will even feel the Moon dust flying into your face!G.Opening hours are 10:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m.daily and entrance is free.答案：.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种罗马戏剧的表演形式。1.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句所说的“Ironicandimprovisational,itwasusedmainlyatfestivalsorweddings”可知,FescennineVerse是即兴创作的,具有讽刺性,主要在节日
40、和婚礼时上演。故选C项。2.C解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Onedescribingmoremiddle-classtypes,andcontinuingtheRomanclothingtheme,wastheFabulaTrabeata.”可知,FabulaTrabeata反映了中产阶级的生活。故选C项。3.B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段“AlltheperformancesabovebeganasatranslationofGreekforms,eventotheextentoftheirbeingperformedinGreekcostume.”可知,这几种表演方式沿袭了古希腊戏
41、剧的形式,表演者甚至还会穿着古希腊的服装表演。故选B项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了AlexElman虽然失明,但仍然凭借自己的努力获得成功的故事。4.D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ElmansfatherplantedahillsidevineyardinwesternMassachusettsin1981.ItswhereElmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife.”和“Sherecalled,Ihidinmyhome.Ihidintheplace,tome,thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”可知,埃尔
42、曼在葡萄园度过了生命中最黑暗的时期,对她来说,那是世界上最安全的地方。由此可知,从第二段我们可以了解到埃尔曼在葡萄园度过了艰难的日子。故选D项。5.C解析细节理解题。根据第四段“WhensomeonetellsmesomethingisorganicandIdontreallybelieveitbecauseItastesomethingfunnyonit,Illputitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine,hellactuallygoinandsniffit.Ifitsnotright,hellturnhisheadaway.”和“Thatshowwekn
43、owthatthesoilisactuallyorganicandtherearenochemicals.”可知,当她不能准确判断葡萄酒时,会寻求Hanley的帮助,通过观察它是否喜欢这种酒来帮助自己判断。由此可知,如果埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒,她会向Hanley寻求建议。故选C项。6.C解析词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.”和“ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportant”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物,因为它让我们能
44、够关注我们认为重要的事情,由此可知,“thebrokenhangnail”指的是“你在生活中的劣势”,“thebrokenhangnailisnotabigdeal”意为“你在生活中的劣势没什么大不了的”,符合埃尔曼所要表达的观点。故选C项。7.A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.”可知,在埃尔曼看来,人生中的缺陷是一份礼物,我们不应该抗拒它,而应该接受它、适应它,逆流而上,不退缩。“Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.”意为“既来之,则安之”,寓意为“
45、遇到困境不退缩,苦中作乐,看到生活中阳光的一面”,符合埃尔曼的人生观,由此可知,她最可能同意这一项。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。成功总是伴随着赞美,表扬在一定程度上刺激了神经递质多巴胺,它是所有成瘾行为的诱因。成功有上瘾的特性,如果无止境地追求成功,结果却得不到满足,这样也无法获得幸福。8.A解析推理判断题。根据第一段尾句可知,如果永无止境地追求更多的成功,结果却得不到满足,也无法获得幸福。结合第二段内容可知,成功具有成瘾的特性,故成功并不总是带来积极的结果。故选A项。9.B解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句可知,对成功的渴望可能是人类的天性,但与众不同来得并不廉价。成功是艰苦的
46、工作,它需要承担失败的代价。接着下文提及了RobertGoldman的发现,以证明和强调成功是艰苦而残酷的。故选B项。10.C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thehighonlylastsadayortwo,andthenitsontothenextgoal.”可知,这种兴奋状态只会持续一两天,然后就会进入下一个目标。同时结合第五段可知,不断追求成功只会给人带来焦虑和短暂的幸福。11.D解析推理判断题。根据本文尾句可知,成功本身并非坏事,但当它们成为我们生活中最核心的人际关系和爱的替代品而不是补充品时,它们就会变得专横跋扈。据此可知,作者建议人们在追求成功时,要注意人生中什么是重要的。故选D
47、项。【破解长难句】In the 1980s,the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.【分析】该句为主从复合句。句中第一个that引导宾语从句,作及物动词found的宾语;句中第二个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词adrug,
48、引导词在从句中作主语。【译文】在20世纪80年代,内科医生罗伯特戈德曼(Robert Goldman)著名地发现:超过半数有志向的运动员为了赢得参加的所有比赛,愿意服用一种在五年内会致其死亡的药物。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一个跨国团队报告称,一种人工智能驱动的系统可以像训练过的狗一样准确地从尿液样本中正确识别前列腺癌病例。文章介绍了这一系统的优势及工作原理和未来发展目标。12.A解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Artificialnoses,includingtheNanoNose”以及第四段中的“theNanoNose,whichiscurrentlyonethirdthesizeof
49、aniPhone”可知,“NanoNose”是人造的鼻子,且体积目前是苹果的三分之一,所以“NanoNose”应是一种设备。故选A项。13.D解析推理判断题。根据第二段尾句可知,狗会厌烦和疲倦,所以研究人员才想研发更能持续工作的人工智能系统,所以人工智能系统的优势在于能够保证其稳定性,故选D项。14.A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知,“NanoNose”目前只有苹果的三分之一大小,结合画线词前的“further”及画线词后的“tobeintegratedintosmartphones”可知,它有可能进一步“缩小”以便被整合到智能手机中。故选A项。15.D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A
50、ndreasMershin.withAIsoftwarerunninginthecloud.”可知,科学家最终想把这种技术整合到智能手机中手机中会有一个微型传感器,并在云端运行AI软件。故可推知,这个研究的最终目的就是把一个人工智能传感器添加到智能手机里。故选D项。.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对一家颇具特色的科技馆的展览及注意事项进行了介绍。1.B解析根据上文“Doyoulikeinventingyourowngadgets?”以及下文“Ifso,comeandvisitourfivefloorsofinteractiveexhibits.Findoutabouttheweathe
51、r,aeroplanesandships,ordiscoverhowthecomputerdeveloped.”可推知,此处应该询问读者是否想了解一些发明的工作原理,让读者对展览产生兴趣。B项“你想知道它们是如何工作的吗?”符合文意,承上启下。2.C解析根据下文“Thefirst,DeadRingers,showshowthemobilephonehascreatedahugeglobalwasteproblem.”以及“Andinour50YearofCartoonexhibition,youcancomebehindthesceneswithusandseehowyourfavoritea
52、nimatedcharacterswerecreated.”可推知,本段主要介绍了“DeadRingers”与“50YearofCartoon”这两个展览。C项“为什么不参观我们目前的两个临时展览呢?”符合文意,引出下文。3.F解析上文“Only12peoplehaveeverwalkedontheMoonssurfaceandnowyoucanbethenext.”指出,参观展览可以让你有在月球上行走的感觉。F项“你甚至会感觉到月亮的尘土飞到你的脸上!”承接上文,符合文意,且F项中的“Moon”与上文一致。4.E解析下文“Hereyouwillfindeverythingyouneedtoc
53、arryoutyourownexperiments,alongwithbooksandeducationalgames.”指出,在设空处所提及的地方,能找到参观者所需的东西,从而推知,此处应为一家商店。E项“最后离开的时候在我们的商店停一下。”符合文意,承接下文。5.G解析上文“Wecanhardlywaitforyourarrival!”说明了科技馆十分欢迎参观游客。通过下文“Visitourwebsite”以及“Pleasenote”可推知,本段主要介绍了科技馆的网站以及在馆内的注意事项。G项“开放时间为每天的早上10点至下午6点,免费入场。”介绍了科技馆的开放时间以及参观费用,符合段意。