1、语法解读同位语从句是复合句的重要内容,也是高考重要考点之一。在主从复合句中,作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that,whether等词引导,常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information等名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。引导词从句特点例句分 析that同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。th
2、ey had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。whether如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“是否”的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加“是否”的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。when同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么
3、时候”的含义,应该用when等词引导同位语从句。I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。he will be back意义不完整,应加“什么时候”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容,应用when引导同位语从句。where同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么地点”的含义,应该用where引导同位语从句。Our teacher gave us the suggestion where we should have our summer holidays.老师建议我们暑假度假的地方。we should have our summer holiday
4、s意义不完整,应加“在什么地方”的含义才能表达suggestion的全部内容,应该用where引导同位语从句。how同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么方式”的含义,应该用how引导同位语从句。I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike.他是怎样回家的,我没有印象,也许是骑自行车。he went home意义不完整,应加“如何”的含义才能表达impression的全部内容,因此应该用how引导同位语从句。why同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“为什么”的含义,应该用why引导同位语从句。Do you have an idea why h
5、e hasnt been accepted by Qingdao Universty?你知道他为什么没有被青岛大学录取吗?加why才能和Do you have an idea连用。who同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“谁”的含义,应该用who引导同位语从句。The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。加who,should才有主语,句子的意义才完整。which同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“哪一个”的含义,应该用which引导同位语从句。Zhang Huiying hasnt solved
6、the problem which university she should prefer.张惠颖没有解决好择校的问题。which在同位语从句中作定语,表示选择关系。what同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么”的含义,应该用what引导同位语从句。The general gave the order what the soldiers should carry across the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即带着什么过河的命令。the soldiers should carry across the river at once不是the order的全部内容,且意义不完
7、整,因此应用what引导同位语从句。同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句同位语从句对名词加以补充说明,是名词全部内容的体现,且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分。The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。that只起连接从句的作用,无具体词义,所以,此句是同位语从句。that不可省略。同位语从句和定语从句的区别定语从句定语从句对名词加以限制,是名词内容的修饰性定语,且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemica
8、l one.我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。that在从句中作宾语,所以此句是定语从句。that在定语从句中是关系代词,它在从句中充当一定成分主语或宾语,有具体词义,作宾语时还可以省略。虚拟语气一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省略。This is our only request that this (should) be settled tomorrow.这就是我们惟一的请求:明天解决这个问题。同位语从句顺口溜同位从句放眼前,看清名词是关键。常用名词有七个,fact,idea和 news,information加truth,还有problem和hope。后面的从句作解释,因此叫做同位语,后面的从句作修饰,注意分清是定语。