1、重庆市第一中学2021届高三英语下学期5月模拟试题分类汇编 阅读理解专题重庆市第一中学2021届高三下学期第三次月考英语试卷第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHere are apps that can help you make a schedule and a budget, take better notes, organize a big project, and stay safe. Check out these apps to get a head-start on bein
2、g on top of your life!Flashcards DeluxePrice: $3.99Platform: IOS and AndroidFlashcards can be a very effective way to study, and Flashcards Deluxe makes creating them very easy. Youcan input information right into the app, make cards with up to five sides, and even add pictures and sounds to cards.
3、The app can be set to automatically turn off cards that you get correct so you can focus more on the ones you get wrong.Circle of 6UPrice: free Platform: Android, IOSWhen youre on a college campus, walking home late at night can be frightening. So, make sure to download Circle of 6U, which helps you
4、 feel more secure. Not only does it help you find your location, but it makes communicating with your trusted friends simpler. Once you build a network of trusted contacts in the app, it lets you send a pre-edited group message, with your location, to all of them in two taps.Campus BooksPrice: free
5、Platform: IOS, AndroidThe Campus Books app helps you get the lowest price when youre buying or renting textbooks, and helps you get the highest price when youre ready to sell! If you need a book right away, youll be shown the closest stores and libraries that have your book in stock.Dragon Dictation
6、Price: free Platform: IOSDictating homework and emails to the Dragon Dictation app can save your time! You can send your dictation to a text, email, or paste it into any application. The included editor will suggest words, and the app will improve its accuracy over time as it gets to know your voice
7、. It also works in many languages other than English.1. Which app can you choose for safety concern?A. Flashcards Deluxe.B. Circle of 6U.C. Campus Books.D. Dragon Dictation.2. What can Dragon Dictation do?A. It can paste pictures to your email.B. It can save your money on books.C. It can correct you
8、r spelling mistakes.D. It can understand your voice.3. Who is the text mainly intended for?A. Students.B. Librarians.C. Businessmen.D. Programmers.BMaybe youve heard about the saying, “A bird with a broken wing will never fly as high”. Im sure that T.J Ware was made to feel this way almost every day
9、 in school.By high school, T. J. was the most celebrated troublemaker in his town. He was always absent from school, didnt answer questions and got into fights. Teachers literally frowned when they saw his name posted on their classroom lists.I met T.J. for the first time when all the students at sc
10、hool were attending ACE training. At first, he showed no interest in the discussion. But slowly, the interactive games drew him in. T.J. had some brilliant thoughts on those situations, which were very welcomed by his group. By the end of the activity, the other students on the team were impressed w
11、ith his concern and ideas and elected T.J. co-chairman of the team.When T.J. showed up at school on Monday morning, a group of teachers were expressing their disagreements to the school principal about his being elected co-chairman. The principal reminded them that the purpose of the program was to
12、uncover any positive feeling and strengthen its practice until true change can take place. The teachers left the meeting, firmly convinced that failure was unavoidable.Two weeks later, T.J. and his friends led a group of 70 students to collect food. They collected a school record, 2,854 cans of food
13、 in just two hours. The local newspapers covered the event with a full-page article the next day. That newspaper story was posted on the main bulletin board at school, where everyone could see it. Hispicture was up there for doing something great.T.J. started showing up at school every day and answe
14、red questions from teachers for the first time. The event he started now yields 9,000 cans of food in one day, taking care of 70 percent of the need for food for one year.T.J.reminds us that a bird with a broken wing only needs mending. But once it has healed, it can fly higher than the rest. T.J go
15、t a job. He became productive. He was flying quite nicely these days.4. What do we know about T.J. before he attended the training?A. He was talkative in class.B. His ideas were quite impressive.C. He didnt have a good fame.D. He showed up at school every day.5. Why did the team members elect T.J. c
16、o-chairman?A. He promised them a bright future.B. He was considered qualified for the job.C. They thought the job was quite easy.D. They wanted to offer him a chance.6. What does the author try to convey with this story?A. Spare the stick and spoil the kid.B. Treat others as you want to be treated.C
17、. Constant dripping wears away a stone.D. Dont judge a book by its cover.7. Which is the best title of the passage?A. A Broken Wing MendedB. Love Changes EverythingC. A Bird with Broken WingD. Love Leads to SuccessCWeve known for years that plants can see, hear, smell and communicate with chemicals.
18、 Now, reported New Scientist, they have been recorded making sounds when stressed.In a yet-to-be-published study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic（超声的）noises. The plants “cry out” due to lack of water, or when their
19、 stems（茎）are cut. Its just too high-pitched for humans to hear.Microphones placed 10 centimeters away from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz. Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. “These findings can change the way we think about the pla
20、nt kingdom,” they wrote.On average, “thirsty” tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.P
21、erhaps most interestingly, different types of stress led to different sounds. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to separate the plants sounds from those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse. In most cases, it correctly identified whether the stress was caused by drynes
22、s or a cut, based on a sounds intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants, they think other plants also make sounds when stressed.If farmers could hear these soun
23、ds, said the team, they could give water to the plants that need it most. As climate change causes more droughts, they said this would be important information for farmers. “The sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture,” said Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic
24、Gardens, Kew, in the UK.Khaits report also suggests that insects and mammals can hear the sounds up to 5 meters away and respond. For example, a moth （ 蛾 子 ） may decide not to lay eggs on a water-stressed plant. Edward Farmer, at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, is doubtful. He said that the
25、 idea of moths listening to plants is “a little too speculative”.If plants are screaming for fear of their survival, maybe we should be glad we cant hear them.8. What did Khait and his team find from their research?A. Plants made low-pitched sounds when in danger.B. Plants picked up a wider range of
26、 sounds when stressed.C. Plants were able to produce sounds in response to stresses.D. Plants made ultrasonic noises to communicate with each other.9. How did tomato and tobacco plants react to different stresses ?A. A plant reacted to different stresses with the same sound.B. Cut tomato plants prod
27、uced more sounds per hour than water-hungry ones.C. Cut tobacco plants seemed to make weaker sounds than drought-stressed ones.D. Tobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water.10. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 6?A. The potential applications of the research.B. Cha
28、llenges facing farmers in the future.C. Farmers contributions to the research.D. What the future agriculture will be like.11. What does the underlined word “speculative” in the last but one paragraph probably mean?A. Practical.B. Unconfirmed.C. Surprising.D. Complicated.DBasic emotions such as sadne
29、ss, fear, and anger coming first, guilt appears a little later, in combination with a childs growing grasp of social and moral standards. Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements may calm their parents and friends down - and their own consc
30、iences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad fame. It is deeply uncomfortable - its emotionally like wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outda
31、ted. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent fixed - feelings that may be advantageous
32、 in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt , by urging us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships
33、. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti , a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency（缺陷）. In a number
34、of studies, Malti has shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that inadequacy by experiencing more guilt, which can control their bad intentions. And high sympathy can take the place of low guilt.In
35、a 2014 study, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver（ 监护人） assessments and the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral wrongdoings. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to
36、share them with another child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how likely they were to feel guilty. The ones who are likely to feel guilty share more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news because
37、 we caused harm and we feel regret.” Malti says,12. Why do researchers think that guilt can be a good thing ?A. To control a childs basic emotions.B. To improve a childs intellectual ability.C. To foster a childs moral development.D. To strengthen a childs positive feelings.13. Whats the popular att
38、itude towards guilt according to Paragraph 2 ?A. Heavy.B. Addictive.C. Confusing.D. Disappointing.14. Which of the following statement may Vaish agree with?A. The guilt is context-independent.B. Emotions can play opposing roles.C. The guilt is always socially constructive.D. Emotional stability can
39、benefit health.15. Whats the main idea of the passage？A. Moral guilt pushes us to reflect on ourselves.B. Moral guilt and sympathy go hand in hand.C. Moral guilt brings about emotional satisfaction.D. Moral guilt is beneficial to some extent.21-23：BDA24-27：CBDA28-31：CCAB32-35：CABD重庆市第一中学2021届高三下学期高考
40、“二诊”考前模拟综合测试第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A With exams just around the corner, now is a good time to explore some of UCLs lesser-known study spaces and get down to some revision. Here are some good choices for you.UCL Senate House Hub UCL Senate House Hub opened in 2015
41、 and provides 144 study spaces. Whats more, you can check how many spaces are available online before you head to the place. Located on the 3rd floor of the South Block of Senate House, the center has room for individual and group study in traditional library spaces, as well as armchairs and wi-fi c
42、overage.UCL Eastman Dental Library The newly redecorated UCL Eastman Dental Library is located halfway along Grays Inn Road and is open from Monday to Friday, 9:00am 800pm. The library has 72 study spaces, and many IT facilities（equipment with access to the Internet）. The library also has a study ro
43、om for meetings and a computer cluster room with a whiteboard.UCL Language & Speech Science Library UCL Language & Speech Science Library（LASS）has disabled access and has recently been decorated to add extra study spaces. With only 49 spaces, LASS is smaller than most other UCL libraries and tends t
44、o fill up quickly, so get there early to avoid disappointment.Senate House Library This one may be cheating as the Senate House Library is not technically a UCL library. However, all UCL students and staff can register for free membership online. With millions of books and journals, Senate House Lib
45、rary offers some places a little less used by UCL students but perfect for students who want to focus on some hard work.21The four places are mainly introduced to someone who_.Alikes learning onlineBprefers to study in widely-known librariesCloves readingDis preparing for exams22What should students
46、 do online before they go to UCL Senate House Hub? ACheck whether there are available seats.BTake the Membership Card.CMake an appointment in advance.DCheck the librarys opening hours.23How many libraries can offer Internet services?AFour.BOne.CTwo.DThree.B Thomas Edison, inventor of such items as t
47、he phonograph(留声机) and the worlds first practical light bulb, is known around the world. But another lesser-known figure is owed hisshare of credit Edisons competitor, Nikola Tesla. It took the work of both men to make possible a world that runs on electric power; however, their names were not alway
48、s shared. Edison, a self-made American inventor, built his name as a successful businessman.Tesla, a well-educated Serbian immigrant, was a tireless thinker. In 1882, Tesla got a job in the Paris branch of Continental Edison Company. Soon, his obvious skill won him a position at the Edison Machine W
49、orks in the United States, where the goal was to bring electricity to all of New York City. But Edison and Tesla had different ideas about how to make that goal a reality. Edison worked mainly with direct current (DC) power. Although DC would prove useful in the decades to come, it was only effectiv
50、e at the time for powering things that were about a mile or less from the power source. However, alternating current (AC) powersupported by Tesla allowed electricity to be carried over long distances through power lines. Soon the battle between the two was on. Edison proposed that several small DC-b
51、ased power plants could be constructed to power different parts of a city, but this was impractical. Desperate to succeed, Edison attempted to show that DC power “was safe”he even electrocuted(电死) an elephant to show the “dangers” of ACIn the end, however, it was practical, inexpensive AC that won t
52、he battle. By 1896, even Edisons own company had adopted AC Tesla succeeded, but Edison, whose self-branded companies won him over a thousand patents, is the more well-known of the two. Regardless, each inventor had a big hand in shaping the way we live.24What does the underlined word “credit” in Pa
53、ragraph 1 mean?ACast.BTrust.CRecognition.DDebt.25What do we know about Nikola Tesla?AHe finished college in Paris.BHe worked as Edisons employee at first.CHe invented many things with Edison.DHe was admired by Edison for his invention.26Whats a big difference between AC and DC power?ADC power moves
54、more quickly.BAC power ranges over larger areas.CAC power is much safer and cheaper.DDC power can be widely used in more fields.27Whats the best title for the text?AEdison vs. Tesla: the war of the currentsBEdison: the inventor of the first light bulbCDC vs AC: the theory behind the two conceptsDNik
55、ola Tesla: a name that should be rememberedC A roadside system that detects if a mobile phone is in use in a passing vehicle is being tested in the UK first. Despite being unable to tell whether the driver is using the phone, it is hoped that it will act as a warning to people who make calls behind
56、the wheel. The technology picks up the phone signal in the vehicle and activates a roadside warning sign of a mobile phone with a red line through it. The system cannot tell the difference between a driver and a passenger on a bus, but to some degree it can warn drivers that they can be detected usi
57、ng their phones. Using a directional antenna (天线)，the detector picks up radio waves produced by a phone handset, and measures the signal strength and length of them. When a signal is detected of duration (持续时间) long enough and signal strength strong enough to set off the system, the detector activat
58、es the warning sign. The detector is able to distinguish Bluetooth connections or hands-free devices which, when picked up, will prevent the activation. While this new system is no replacement for a police officer catching someone in the act, it could be enough to make some drivers think twice- and
59、that has to be a positive step forward. However, just as technology has enabled the problem of drivers using mobile phones illegally, it can also be a big part of the solution in getting people to stop. Statistics from the devices will be shared with Norfolk Police, the county council said. The coun
60、cil said that enabling the system to record specific number plates could be a future development. Using a mobile phone at the wheel is one of the four road crimes which can have horrible consequences if it causes a deadly or serious car crash. Law enforcement (执行) technology has been falling behind
61、for a decade and not made any easier by motor producers that encourage users to plug in their phones even before driving.28Why is the roadside system used according to Paragraph 1?ATo send out cellphone signals to drivers.BTo detect drivers illegal use of cellphone.CTo monitor peoples use of phones
62、while driving.DTo warm people against using pones while driving.29How does the detector of the roadside system work?AIt measures the length of the phone.BIt warns drivers with a phone in hand.CIt picks up radio waves from handsets.DIt activates the vehicles Bluetooth system.30What does the text sugg
63、est drivers do with the road warning sign?ASwift to Bluetooth while driving.BHave a close watch of road signs.CAvoid being picked up by detectors.DStop using a hands-free mobile phone.31What will the county council probably do in the future?AShare the devices with the police.BMake the system more ad
64、vanced.CReplace the police with the new system.DTake steps to settle road safety problems.D Nowadays, video gaming has made impressive gains in the field of standardized competition. One of the fashionable debates is whether competitive video games are sports or not. If cyberathletes are competing a
65、gainst formal teams in a formal environment, with real titles and monetary stakes on the line, it seems strange not to consider the activity a sport. However, unless something technologically odd gains complete control over our world in the next few decades, they never should be. Cyberathletes and e
66、Sports arent incomparable to traditional athletes and sports because they require less physical exertion or dedication. They are incomparable because they are different from traditional sports in a number of ways. Traditional sports are steadfast, and consistent in their structures and mechanics. A
67、professional American football player from any past decade could be transplanted into a current football field, and would only have to be told of a few minor rule changes. The player would know what to do, where to go, and how to accomplish the ultimate goal. He may need to learn a few new plays, bu
68、t its fundamentally the same game. However, competitive video gaming has a variety of goals, and those goals are fluid and dynamic. A competitive video gamer from decades past might be aware of the final goal (winning the game, capturing the flag, eliminating the opposing team, etc.), but the execut
69、ion (执行方式) would be completely foreign. Controls change, maps change, locations change, even the minute rules are adjusted on a regular basis. As a competitive video gamer, one needs to adapt to a much more aggressive ruleset than most sports or other games. Therefore the video game competitions are
70、 less likely to be properly regulated. Most traditional sports are approachable by Everyman, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them. While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable
71、to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements. Even decade-old competitive games like Counter-Strike 1.6 require more equipment and gear than most traditional sports. A pick-up game of basketball, football, or soccer is far more accessible than a pick-up game o
72、f Counter-Strike. Traditional sports are embedded in our culture for good reasons: they offer an entertaining diversion and a great form of physical activity for millions of worldwide fans. The principles and lessons gleaned from traditional sports emphasize teamwork, collaboration, and critical eva
73、luations of any given game setting. While many of these lessons are applicable to competitive gaming, competitive video gamers are still distancing themselves from competing for “sport” status, when their pastime and trade is so fundamentally different and ever-changing at such a regular pace.32What
74、 is the authors opinion towards competitive video games?AThey can be seen as sports due to their emphasis on teamwork.BThey can be seen as sports due to their standardized regulations.CThey can not be seen as sports due to their lack of physical and mental efforts.DThey can not be seen as sports due
75、 to the inconsistent rules and high requirements.33What does the underlined word “foreign” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?ADifficult.BCommon.CTypical.DDifferent.34Why does the author mention Counter-Strike in Paragraph 3?ATo explain the reason why eSports surpass traditional sports.BTo explore the pos
76、sibility that competitive video games will be sports.CTo provide an example of the difference between eSports and traditional sports.DTo account for the fact that the competitive features of video games are impressive.35How does the author develop his idea?ABy quoting and citing.BBy listing and anal
77、yzing.CBy comparison and contrast.DBy explaining and evaluating.21D22A23B【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了伦敦大学学院几个供学生复习备考的地方。21细节理解题。根据第一段“With exams just around the corner, now is a good time to explore some of UCLs lesser-known study spaces and get down to some revision. Here are some good choices for you.”（随着考试的临近
78、，现在是一个很好的时间去探索一些UCL鲜为人知的学习空间，并着手进行一些复习。这里有一些不错的选择。）可知，这四个地方主要介绍给正在准备考试的人。故选D。22细节理解题。根据UCL Senate House Hub部分中的第二句“Whats more, you can check how many spaces are available online before you head to the place”（更重要的是，你可以在去那里之前上网查看有多少空位）可知，在前往伦敦大学学院参议院中心之前，学生应该在网上查看是否有空位。故选A。23推理判断题。根据UCL Eastman Dental
79、 Library部分中的“The library also has a study room for meetings and a computer cluster room with a whiteboard”（图书馆还有一间会议室和一间带白板的电脑室）可知，只有这一家图书馆有电脑和网络资源可使用。故选B。24C25B26B27A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼古拉特斯拉和爱迪生之间展开了一场激烈的“电流之战”，虽然鲜为人知，但他也为塑造今天人类的生活做出了重要贡献。24词义猜测题。根据文章第一句“Thomas Edison, inventor of such items as th
80、e phonograph(留声机) and the worlds first practical light bulb, is known around the world.(留声机等物品和世界上第一个实用的灯泡的发明者托马斯爱迪生世界闻名。)”可知，爱迪生因多种发明而闻名世界，结合划线词后一句“It took the work of both men to make possible a world that runs on electric power(这两个人的努力使一个以电力为动力的世界成为可能)”可知，尼古拉特斯拉也为电力的发明做出了贡献，由此可推知，划线词所在句“But anoth
81、er lesser-known figure is owed his share of creditEdisons competitor, Nikola Tesla.”意为“但另一个较罕为人知的人物尼古拉特斯拉也有功劳”，即爱迪生受到世界的认可也应归功于另一个较罕为人知的人物尼古拉特斯拉，所以划线词“credit”意为“赞同，认可”，故选C项。25细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1882, Tesla got a job in the Paris branch of Continental Edison Company. Soon, his obvious skill won him a po
82、sition at the Edison Machine Works in the United States(1882年，特斯拉在大陆爱迪生公司的巴黎分公司找到了一份工作，很快，他娴熟的技术为他赢得了在美国爱迪生机器工厂的职位)”可知，尼古拉特斯拉起初在爱迪生公司工作。故选B项。26细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Although DC would prove useful in the decades to come, it was only effective at the time for powering things that were about a mile or less f
83、rom the power source. However, alternating current (AC) powersupported by Tesla allowed electricity to be carried over long distances through power lines.(尽管在接下来的几十年里，直流电源被证明是有用的，但它只是在距离电源一英里或更少的地方才有效。然而，由特斯拉支持的交流电使电力可以通过电力线进行长距离传输。)”可知，交流电和直流电的巨大差异是交流电传输范围更大。故选B项。27主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中“Soon the battle
84、 between the two was on.(很快两人之间的斗争开始了)”可知，本文主要讲述了爱迪生和特斯拉之间的“电流之战”。故选A项。28D29C30A31B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国设置的路边检测系统，其目的在于对开车使用手机的那些司机进行提醒，虽然不能抓捕，但对他们是一个严重的警告。以此呼吁减少开车使用电话的现象。28细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Despite being unable to tell whether the driver is using the phone, it is hoped that it will act as a warning t
85、o people who make calls behind the wheel.(尽管无法判断司机是否在使用手机，但希望它能对开车打电话的人起到警告作用。)”可知，路边交通系统是警告人们不要开车使用手机。故选D。29细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The technology picks up the phone signal in the vehicle and activates a roadside warning sign of a mobile phone with a red line through it.(该技术获取车辆中的电话信号并激活路边产生红线警告标志。)”可知，路边系统的
86、探测器通过接收手机的无线电波来工作的。故选C。30细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The detector is able to distinguish Bluetooth connections or hands-free devices which, when picked up, will prevent the activation.( 检测器能够区分蓝牙连接或免提设备，这些设备在拿起后会阻止激活。)”可知，司机驾驶时如果用手机，可以进行蓝牙连接或者免提设备。故选A。31推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The council said that enabling the system to r
87、ecord specific number plates could be a future development.(该委员会表示，允许系统记录特定车牌可能是“未来的发展”。)”可推断，郡议会将来可能会使设备更先进。故选B。32D33D34C35C【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过将传统体育运动和电子竞技进行比较和对比，来论证电子竞技游戏不能被视作运动的观点。32推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As a competitive video gamer, one needs to adapt to a much more aggressive ruleset than most sports
88、or other games. Therefore the video game competitions are less likely to be properly regulated.（作为一名有竞争力的电子游戏玩家，你需要适应比大多数运动或其他游戏更具侵略性的规则。因此，电子游戏竞赛不太可能得到适当的监管。）”以及第三段“While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming
89、 due to the high-standard computing requirements.（虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。）”可推断，作者认为竞争性电子游戏由于规则不一致，要求高，不能被视为运动。故选D项。33词义猜测题。根据前文“A professional American football player from any past decade could be transplanted into a current football field, and would only have to be told of a fe
90、w minor rule changes. The player would know what to do, where to go, and how to accomplish the ultimate goal. He may need to learn a few new plays, but its fundamentally the same game. However, competitive video gaming has a variety of goals, and those goals are fluid and dynamic.（过去任何一个十年的职业美国橄榄球运动
91、员都可以被移植到现在的足球场上，而且只需要被告知一些小的规则变化。玩家将知道该做什么，去哪里以及如何完成最终目标。他可能需要学习一些新玩法，但游戏本质上是一样的。然而，竞争性电子游戏有各种各样的目标，而且这些目标是动态的。）”可知，电子竞技玩家操作对于传统的体育运动是不同的，所以foreign是“不同的”之意。故选D项。34推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most traditional sports are approachable by Everyman, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, wher
92、e budgets and funding are set for them. While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements.（大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一
93、部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。）”以及接下来以反恐精英举例即使是像反恐精英1.6这样有10年历史的竞技游戏也需要比大多数传统运动更多的装备和装备。篮球、足球或足球的临时游戏比反恐精英的临时游戏更容易上手。因此推断作者在第三段中提到反恐精英是为了举例说明电子竞技和传统体育的区别。故选C项。35推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cyberathletes and eSports arent incomparable to traditional athletes and sports because they require less physical exertion or dedication.
94、They are incomparable because they are different from traditional sports in a number of ways.（电子竞技者和电子竞技与传统运动员和体育项目并不是不可比拟的，因为它们需要的体力和投入较少。它们是无可比拟的，因为它们与传统体育在很多方面不同。）”；第二段“Traditional sports are steadfast, and consistent in their structures and mechanics.（传统的体育运动在结构和力学上是坚定的，一致的。）”以及第三段“Most traditio
95、nal sports are approachable by Everyman, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them.（大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。）”可推断，作者通过比较和对比来论证他的观点。故选C项。重庆市第一中学2021届高三下学期期中考试英语试卷第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AThe Chaucer Heritage
96、 Trust was founded in 1992 and aims to further interest, understanding and appreciation of the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, his life and times and influence. This year the Trust is holding The Canterbury Tales Writing Competition around the country. Students are invited to submit pieces of original wr
97、iting inspired by Geoffrey Chaucers most famous work: The Canterbury Tales. Who Can Take Part? The competition is open to all schools and college communities including pupils who are home educated and any other young peoples community organizations. The three age groups are: Junior-up to 1l years ol
98、d Intermediate-12-15 years old Senior16-19 years old Competitors must include their date of birth on the entry form. Competition Guidelines Choose ONE of the following: Write a poem about a journey. Write a short story which explores an important issue through animal characters. Write an entry for a
99、n imaginary pilgrim(朝圣), based upon a modern-day occupation. For example, “The Nurse”, “The Banker” or “The Politician”. Word Count The maximum word count is 500 words. Deadlines All entries must be submitted by 31 January, 2019 Other rules All entries must be the original work of the student (howev
100、er, rewritings of existing stories are acceptable if original in presentation and content). The decision of the judges will be final. How to Enter You can submit your entry at www. chaucer:org.uk/submityourentry 21. Why was the Trust founded?A. To discover talented writers. B. To seek excellent orig
101、inal works. C. To hold a writing competition annually. D. To help people learn more about Geoffrey Chaucer. 22. Which of the following could participate in the competition? A. A college teacher. B. A professional writer. C. A nine-year-old student. D. A twenty-year-old college student. 23. What can
102、be learned about this competition? A. Competitors can hand in only one entry. B. The characters in the entries must be animals. C. The word count should be more than 500 words. D. Competitors should email their entries to Dr. Charles Farris. The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp wi
103、th their students left me feeling unsettled. For the first time in more than 20 years, I would need to spend three days in the early autumn bush with 120 14-year-olds. I love spending time with teenagers. But I teach Grade 12 English and am 51 years old. There is a difference between a literary semi
104、nar on King Lear, no matter how lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground. Besides, my idea of “outdoors” is biking on the Ottawa bike paths or sitting in the backyard with a cup of tea and a good book. Eventually, we turn down a long dirt track that dives deep into a forest. I read the
105、 schedule and note the impressive minute-by-minute detail for the next 72 hours. Ive never faced such a structured(高度组织化的)time since, well, when I went to camp in Grade 9. I think of home. The next morning, I arise early. It is 7 a.m. Time for the polar bear dip. Everyone asks if I am going to swim.
106、 I respond with lame excuses and then wander, like a Grade 8 boy at the edges of a middle-school dance. Kids charge in, great plumes(股流)of water rising up around them as they shout with joy. My colleagues link arms, count down and run into the water bravely. Toweling off, the swimmers discuss the wa
107、ter temperature. The regret that I knew I would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly up to the dining hall and decide that from that moment on I will commit fully to camp life. My unwillingness to do anything is replaced wit
108、h a burning desire to do everything. At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing suit. I dive into the water. I scream about how good it feels. Toweling off afterward, I talk to anyone within earshot about the temperature of the water. Later that day, the camp winds
109、down. Something has happened in this camp. To the students, for sure, but also to me. When the last camper leaves, I give the camp director a big hug. 24. How did the author feel before the camp?A. Angry. B. Disappointed. C. Anxious. D. Excited. 25. Why does the author mention the literary seminar i
110、n Paragraph2? A. To stress its liveliness. B. To explain its topic. C. To introduce his preference. D. To show its similarity to camping. 26. Why does the author decide to devote himself to camping?A. He is fed up with making excuses. B. He hates to be regret-stricken. C. He desires to show off his
111、swimming skills. D. He is encouraged to do so by his colleagues. 27. What happened to the author at the end of the camp?A. He has used up his energy. B. He misses home very much. C. He turns into a camp director. D. He has become a camp lover. CGenealogy, or researching your family tree, is a hobby
112、that can rapidly develop into an obsession. Before you start looking for your own ancestors, read this advice from genealogist Maria McLeod. The first question to ask yourself is why you want to research your family tree. Genealogy is not about discovering that you are the lost prince or princess of
113、 an unknown kingdom. Its about finding more about yourself. For most people the important question is “Why am I like I am?” You might not look like other members of your immediate family and you want to know where your green eyes or curly hair come from. You may be curious about why you have such a
114、quick temper. You may even be suffering from a medical condition and want to know if something in your genetic makeup has caused it. Another common motivation for researching your family tree is that you plan to visit the place that your ancestors came from and you secretly hope that you will find s
115、ome long lost cousins with whom you can share your memories. There can be few more exciting things than meeting a distant cousin who is living on the other side of the globe and finding that she looks just like your younger sister. But you should also bear in mind that they may not necessarily want
116、to have anything to do with you. Sometimes there are skeletons in the cupboard that you and your branch of the family are unaware of, but which are still fresh in the minds of your more distant relatives. Once you are clear about your motivations, you need to take a moment to think about just how ma
117、ny ancestors you might have and how far back you intend to go. You have, no doubt, thought about your parents parents and your parents parents parents. But go back ten generations and the picture becomes much more complicated. You can work it out for yourself. You may be descended(遗传)from no fewer t
118、han 1,024 people through ten generations. This can mean that you spend hours going through official records, either in person at the records office or on the Internet. Are you prepared for such a huge task?28. What might be Maria Mcleods first piece of advice be? A. Be prepared to accept your bad te
119、mper. B. Dont expect to find lovely relatives. C. Be prepared to find out your hidden health problems. D. Dont expect to find out you are a member of a royal family. 29. Why are some relatives unwilling to meet you?A. You may bring back bad memories. B. They find it disturbing to entertain you. C. T
120、hey suspect you of having wrong motives. D. You could remind them of their lost loved ones. 30. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Who your great grandparents are. B. When you can finish your huge task. C. Why researching a family tree is complex. D. How many people
121、 you are descended from. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Uncovering family secrets: do you dare?B. The science of genealogy: new developments C. Expert opinions on researching your family past D. A step-by-step guide to researching your family tree DNow the reason cooking has become so p
122、opular, especially among men, is that the kitchen is the new workshop. Deprived(剥夺)of the requirement to practice his hands-on skills in wood or metal, the modern man turns to the chopping-board worktop insteadpreviously this was more likely to be the womans area. It involves tools, process and plan
123、ning, and satisfies a natural desire to produce something. I like fooling about in the kitchen, to be honest. Last night, tired of too many visits to over-priced restaurants, I tried to do something a bit clever with meats and vegetables. It was all right, I suppose. I mean, my guest and I both ate
124、it, but in a slightly awkward sort of way. It was all a bit brown. More to the point, it took hours and hours that could have been spent on something more constructive, such as mending the cooker. There are also three dead motorcycles in the garage, and theyre not going to repair themselves. I there
125、fore recommend the Strength Through Simplicity” cooking style-the new stage of culinary(烹饪的)progress shall be the garage. Im hoping to introduce the idea of garage cooking in a new TV series and, as usual, would welcome any suggestions; anything suitable for consumption by a man who has one reasonab
126、ly clean hand and one coated with machine oil hed rather not put near his face. This is not, in fact, without precedent(先例)Ive been in a factory in India where the workers baked breads on the tops of hot machines, and they somehow tasted better for being a by-product of industrial effort. Tonight Iv
127、e had an oil change with a side of chain adjustment accompanied by beans and sausages. 32. According to the author, why are men increasingly interested in cooking?A. They find it more enjoyable than working in a workshop. B. They now have fewer opportunities to create things. C. It is now more socia
128、lly acceptable for men to cook. D. Women are generally spending less time cooking. 33.What does the author think of the meal he prepared last night？ A. He didnt practice his cooking skill fully. B. He should have used the restaurant recipe. C. He could have used the cooking time better. D. He didnt
129、receive any encouragement from his guest. 34. What does the author most probably do？ A. A media worker. B. A restaurant critic. C. A cook. D. An engineer. 35. What does the author want to imply by using the example of India workers？ A. The wisdom of industrial workers has been overlooked. B. Skills
130、learnt in a factory can be applied in cooking a meal. C. Food cooked in a garage tastes as delicious as that from a kitchen. D. Meals have previously been prepared in unusual workplace settings. A篇 DCAB篇 CCBDC篇 DADCD篇 BCAD重庆市第一中学2021届高三高考第二次适应性考试英语试题第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选
131、项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Visitor Oyster cardA Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journeyin London. Its a plastic smartcard. You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services. Its much cheaper thanbuying individual tickets, in some cases
132、 costing 50% less than the price of a regularpaper ticket.How to get a Visitor Oyster cardYou can buy a Visitor Oyster card online. Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs 5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card.This means you can start using the card the moment you ar
133、rive in Central London.How does the Visitor Oyster card work?The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system. You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically bededucted from your Visitor Oyster card. For example, if you add 20 to thecard and make a tub
134、e journey of 2.30, you will have 17.70 left on the card.A few more points:A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.Youll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster cardis “capped (给定上限)” at 6.80 per day.Youll pay more during peak times. Peak fa
135、res apply from Monday to Friday (6:30am9:30 am; 4:00 pm 7:00 pm), except for public holidays.Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop orVisitor Centre.Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.1. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?A
136、. You cant use it during public holidays.B. You can have it mailed directly to your home.C. You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.D. You can receive a 50% discount at any shop in London.2. How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day witha Visitor Oyster card
137、?A. 2.30.B. 3.40.C. 6.80.D. 9.20.3. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?A. On the Internet.B. At a bus station.C. At a tube station.D. In convenience stores.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游览伦敦使用Visitor Oyster Card的好处，如何购买及如何充值。【1题详解】细节理解题。第二段第二句Your card will be delivered by pos
138、t.可知Visitor Oyster card可以直接寄到你家。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据A few more points部分Youll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster card is “capped (给定上限)” at 6.80 per day.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。Visitor Oyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据A few more points部分倒数第二段Reuse the Oyster card by
139、 adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.可知可以在地铁站添加，故选C。BIt was rush hour on the morning of June 1 in the West Texas city of San Angelo. Heather Santellano, 36, was driving her white 2012 Mazda on Houston、 Harte Frontage Road with her nine-year-old daughter and ten-year
140、- old son in the back. Suddenly, a red pickup truck cut them off. Santellano turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda skidding off the road and down an embankment(堤)that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet. If the car didnt stop, it would go airborne and plunge onto the road some 20
141、 feet below.Then a bit of luck: As the car raced toward the edge, its undercarriage got stuck on the cement lip of the embankment ledge, stopping it cold. The occupants, however, were far from safe. The car had come to rest on top of a retaining wall, literally teetering(摇摇欲坠)on the edge of disaster
142、. One sudden move by anyone inside could send it over.Jacob Rodriguez watched the scene unfold from the Truck Repair Plant where he works. Then he and four other men ran to the car. They leaped onto the trunk to balance the weight as the terrified kids in the back seat watched.Meanwhile, Julio Vasqu
143、ez and his nephew, Marco Vasquez, were driving to their jabs at nearby Premier Automotive. Julio jumped out of the car to help while Marco went to the shop, grabbed a heavy-duty strap(皮带)，and returned to the swinging car. He fastened the Mazda to an P-350 truck that had been driven over by one of th
144、e other rescuers. With the car secured, the group carefully opened the back doors and helped the children out.But their departure shifted the cars weight, causing it to lean forward. The men, still on-the trunk, asked Santellano to jump into the back seat to rebalance the weight. She did and then in
145、ched out the back door. Finally, the men carefully got off the trunk. Everyone was safe.4. What do we know about Heather Santellano?A. She was a careless driver.B. She drove her twins to school.C. She ran into a pickup truck.D. She made a sharp turn to avoid the truck.5. What does the author intend
146、to do in paragraph 2?A. Stress the coming of good fortune.B. Describe the cars dangerous situation.C. Add some background information.D. Explain why people came to the rescue.6. What is the most critical in the rescue process?A. Balance.B. Cooperation.C. Calmness.D. Gravity.7. Which of the following
147、 statements is consistent with the theme of the passage?A. Persistence will pay off. .B. One in trouble, all to help.、C. Many hands make light work.D. Love makes the world go round.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了Heather Santellano驾车外出，遭遇皮卡抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险。【4题详解】细节理解题
148、。根据文章第一段Santellano turned the wheel hard to the right，sending the Mazda skidding off the road and down an embankment(堤)that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet.可知，桑特拉诺把方向盘用力向右转，汽车在行驶50英尺后滑出公路，沿着一条堤岸滑下。所以说，她急转弯以避开卡车。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。第二段讲到幸运的是，车子完全停住了。然而，后座的孩子们却并不安全，车子处于堤边，摇摇欲坠。特别最后一句One sudden mov
149、e by anyone inside could send it over.更能判断出，此段描述一下这辆车的危险情况。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。综合第三段They leaped onto the trunk to balance the weight.他们跳上后备箱来平衡重量，和最后一段. The men, still on-the trunk, asked Santellano to jump into the back seat to rebalance the weight.他们让桑特拉诺跳到汽车后座上来平衡重量，以及中间的描写可判断，救援过程中最关键的是平衡。故选A。【7题详解】
150、推理判断题。文章描写了Heather Santellano驾车外出，遭遇皮卡抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险。故 One in trouble ,all to help一方有难，八方支援，符合文章主题。故选B。CA drug designed entirely by artificial intelligence is about to enter clinical human trials for the first time. The drug, which is intended to treat obsessive-compulsive d
151、isorder ( OCD)(强迫症),was discovered using Al systems from Oxford-based biotech company Exscientia. While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the Al tools its taken less than 12 months.The drug, known as DSP1181,
152、was created by using algorithms (算法)to examine potential compounds (化合物),checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patients genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia chief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “ key milestone in drug discovery “ a
153、nd noted that there are “ billions” of decisions needed to find the right molecules (分子)for a drug, making their eventual creation a “ huge decision. “ With Al, however, “the beauty of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease.”Weve already seen multiple examples o
154、f Al being used to diagnose illness and analyze patient data, so using it to engineer drug treatment is an obvious progression of its place in medicine. But the Al - created drugs do bring about some relevant questions. Will patients be comfortable taking medicine designed by a machine? How will the
155、se drugs differ from those developed by humans alone? Who will make the rules for the use of Al in drug research? Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.8. What is special about the drug designed by Al?A. Its a
156、better cure for OCD.B. It has no side effect on humans.C. Its development takes less time.D. It doesnt need clinical human trials.9. Which is a key factor in creating the drug according to Paragraph 2?A. Trials.B. Algorithms.C. Compounds.D. Molecules.10. How does Hopkins feel about the way of drug c
157、reation?A. Optimistic.B. Doubtful.C. Disappointed.D. Puzzled.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Medical Trials by AlB. An Example in Medical TrialsC. A Creation in Al DevelopmentD. Al - designed Drugs to Be on Trial【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。一种完全由人工智能设计的药物即将首次进入临床人体试验。这种药物是用牛津生
158、物技术公司Exscientia的人工智能系统制造出的，目的是治疗强迫症。短文介绍了制造这种药的关键因素，人工智能制造药物所带来的一些问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the Al tools its taken less than 12 months.”可知，虽然通常需要四年半的时间才能使药物发展到这个阶段，但埃克西迪亚说，通过
159、使用人工智能工具，只需要不到12个月的时间。所以人工智能设计的药物有什么特别之处在于它的开发时间更短。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The drug, known as DSP1181, was created by using algorithms (算法)to examine potential compounds (化合物),checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patients genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia ch
160、ief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “ key milestone in drug discovery ”可知，这种被称为DSP1181的药物是通过使用算法来检测潜在的化合物，并根据一个庞大的参数数据库（包括患者的遗传因素）来检查这些化合物的。Exscientia首席执行官安德鲁霍普金斯教授在接受英国广播公司（BBC）采访时称，这些试验是“药物发现的关键里程碑”,所以算法是制造药物的关键因素。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“With Al, however, “the beauty
161、 of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease.” 然而，对于人工智能来说，“算法优点在于它们是不可知的，因此可以应用于任何疾病。最后一段“Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.”可知，霍普金斯和他的团队希望，这些问题和其他许多问题将在3月开始的试验中得到探索。由此判
162、断出，霍普金斯对药品制造的方式持乐观的态度。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。一种完全由人工智能设计的药物即将首次进入临床人体试验。这种药物是用牛津生物技术公司Exscientia的人工智能系统发现的，目的是治疗强迫症。短文介绍了制造这种药的关键因素，人工智能制造药物所带来的一些问题。所以短文最佳的标题为“人工智能设计的药物即将进入临床人体试验”。故选D项。DWomen who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by
163、a common parasite(寄生虫) that can be caught from cat litter(猫砂), a study has found.Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste or eating undercooked meat or unwashed vegetables, are at increased risk of attempt
164、ing suicide.The study involved more than 45,000 women in Denmark. About a third of the worlds population is infected with the parasite, which hides in cells in the brain and muscles, often without producing symptoms.The infection, which is called toxoplasmosis(弓形虫病), has been linked to mental illnes
165、s, such as schizophrenia(精神分裂症), and changes in behavior.The studys senior author Doctor Teodor Postolache, an associate professor of psychiatry(精神病学) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in the United States, said, We cant say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kil
166、l themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.Doctor Albert Reece, vice president of medical affairs at the University of Maryland, said, T. gondii infection is a major public health problem around the
167、 world, and many people dont realize theyre infected. Dr Postolache is a leading expert on suicide neuroimmunology(神经免疫学). Suicide is a critically important mental health issue. About one million people commit suicide and another 10 million attempt suicide worldwide each year. We hope that this type
168、 of research will one day help us find ways to save many lives that now end too early in suicide.Dr. Postolaches research team at the University of Maryland was the first to report a connection between T. gondii and suicidal behavior in 2009. He is cooperating with researchers in Denmark, Germany an
169、d Sweden to confirm and investigate the way leading to this association.The T. gondii parasite thrives in the intestines(肠) of cats, and it is spread through their waste. All warm-blooded animals can become infected through contact with it. Humans can become infected by changing their infected cats
170、litter boxes, eating unwashed vegetables, drinking water from a polluted source, or by eating undercooked or raw meat.Not washing kitchen knives after preparing raw meat before handling another food item also can lead to infection. Pregnant women can pass the parasite directly to their unborn babies
171、 and are advised not to change cat litter boxes to avoid possible infection.Babies dont produce antibodies to T. gondii for three months after they are born, so the antibodies present in their blood represented infection in the mothers. The scientists studied Danish health patients to determine if a
172、ny of these women later attempted suicide, including cases of violent suicide attempts which may have involved guns, sharp instruments and jumping from high places.The study found that women infected with T. gondii were one and a half times more likely to attempt suicide compared to those who were n
173、ot infected, and the risk seemed to rise with increasing levels of the T. gondii antibodies.Dr Postolache noted limitations to the study, such as the inability to determine the cause of the suicidal behavior.The findings were published online in the Archives of General Psychiatry.12. The common way
174、which is less likely to be infected with the disease is _.A. to eat unwashed meat or undercooked vegetablesB. to clean a place where a cat once lived for a timeC. to pass the infection to her unborn baby during a womans pregnancyD. to reuse kitchen tools which have been used to cut raw meat13. What
175、is the consequence if a woman is infected with the parasite in the passage?A. Having a high fever.B. Doing deliberate self-harm.C. Keeping a depressed mood.D. Becoming bad tempered.14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Women have a higher risk to be infected by the parasite than men.B. The re
176、sult of the research may help the scientists to find ways to stop suicide in advance.C. The scientists will continue their research into the possible connection.D. The risk of being infected seems to rise with the decreasing levels of the antibodies.15. Which of the following statements would probab
177、ly be the best title of the passage?A. Why are women more likely to commit suicide?B. Women should keep away from catsC. Ways found to deal with womens mental problemsD Are women who own cats at a suicide risk?【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，与猫长时间接触的人容易有精神方面的问题，文章对此现象进行了说明并分析了原因。【12题详解】
178、B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste可知，这种病是由于猫的粪便携带的病菌传播的，那么较好的避免传染的方法就是彻底打扫猫长时间住的地方，杀死这些病菌。故B正确。【13题详解】B 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“we did find a predictive association between the infection and su
179、icide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.”可知，这种病菌与人们的自杀企图是有关系的，自杀是一种自残的自我伤害的行为。故B正确。【14题详解】C 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“We cant say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts la
180、ter in life that deserves additional studies.”可知，我们现在无法确定这种病菌与女性自杀之间的联系，但是科学家会继续努力发现这两者之间的联系。故C正确。【15题详解】D 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Women who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by a common parasite that can be caught from cat litter, a st
181、udy has found.”可知，本文介绍的是与猫长时间接触的人容易有精神方面的问题。文章对此现象进行了说明并分析了原因。故D正确。 考点：考查健康类短文阅读。【名师点睛】关于推理判断题推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“ 言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问： What can you infer /learn/concl
182、ude from the passage? Whats the authors attitude toward? What does the passage suggest? The author in this passage intends to _。答推理题时，一般无法直接从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例子进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。如本文的第34小题What can be infe
183、rred from the passage? A. Women have a higher risk to be infected by the parasite than men. B. The result of the research may help the scientists to find ways to stop suicide in advance. C. The scientists will continue their research into the possible connection. D. The risk of being infected seems
184、to rise with the decreasing levels of the antibodies.根据文章第五段“We cant say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies.”可知我们现在无法确定这种病菌与女性自杀之间
185、的联系，但是科学家会继续努力发现这两者之间的联系。故C正确。做这类题时一定要注意：准确把握字里行间的意思，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的观点。特别注意表达情感（如最后一段第一句的favorite一词）、态度和观点的词语。重庆市第一中学2021届高三高考第一次适应性考试英语试题第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A山东省潍坊市2019届高三高考模拟（5月三模)考试Hot Spots for Retirees to Start Their Encore CareerEncore Career: Vocational S
186、chool InstructorRetire in: Los Angeles, CAEver since IBM CEO Ginni Rometty coined the term “new collar” to describe well-paid jobs that require specific skills but not necessarily a degree, vocational schools have made a serious comeback. Apparently instructors are in short supply in sunny L.A., whe
187、re there are 13 jobs at vocational schools for every applicant on the market. This is a great opportunity for skilled retirees since, unlike teaching at a public school that requires a state certificate, the only requirement here is that you be a seasoned expert in your field.Encore Career: Business
188、 Consultant Retire in: Miami, FLConsulting is a great option for a retired business professional looking to make their own hours, be their own boss, and earn as much or as little as needed to maintain their standard of living. For every consultant in Miami right now there are 13 businesses hoping to
189、 hire them. Theres even greater demand here than in Washington D.C., which is typically considered the consulting capital of the world.Encore Career: Tourist WranglerRetire in: Austin, TXAs the economy continues to boom and more Americans have extra income to spend, the tourism industry has taken of
190、f. This is particularly true in Austin, TX, where there were astonishing 36 tourism jobs for every applicant in July. Between four-star hotels, the noisy rock n roll scene, and a new food culture, Austin is the place to be if you want to work in service industry.Encore Career: Supporter of the Arts
191、Retire in: Charleston, SCIf youre a Baby Boomer with a degree in the arts, now could be the perfect time to revisit your passion for creativity, especially if you also want to live in the center of southern charm. Between the 14 art galleries on King Street in Old Town, an abundance of acting compan
192、ies and theaters, and music festivals, its not surprising there were 25 jobs for every arty applicant iii Charleston.1. Which career focuses on an applicants skills instead of a diploma?A. Vocational School Instructor.B. Business Consultant.C. Tourist Wrangler.D. Supporter of the Arts.2. Which city
193、offers an applicant more job options than the others?A. Los Angeles.B. Miami.C. Austin.D. Charleston.3. Who is the text intended for?A. Children.B. Graduates.C. Retirees.D. Tourists.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个退休人员可以重新开始职业生涯的热门地点，以及这些地点的详细情况和职业的要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。第一段最后一句This is a great opportun
194、ity for skilled retirees since, unlike teaching at a public school that requires a state certificate, the only requirement here is that you be a seasoned expert in your field.可知Vocational School Instructor岗位对有技能的退休人员来说是一个很好的机会，因为不像在公立学校教书需要国家证书，这里唯一的要求是你在你的领域里是一个经验丰富的专家，即注重申请人的技能，而不是文凭。所以“职业学校讲师”这个职
195、业更注重求职者的技能，而不是文凭。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一、二句As the economy continues to boom and more Americans have extra income to spend, the tourism industry has taken off. This is particularly true in Austin, TX, where there were astonishing 36 tourism jobs for every applicant in July.可知随着经济持续繁荣，越来越多的美国人有额外的收入
196、可以消费，旅游业也开始腾飞。德克萨斯州奥斯汀的情况尤其如此，今年7月，该州旅游业的就业岗位达到了惊人的36个。可知奥斯汀给求职者提供的工作选择比其他城市多。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题Hot Spots for Retirees to Start Their Encore Career以及文章主要介绍了两个退休人员可以重新开始职业生涯的热门地方，故文章是针对退休人员的。故选C。BIt was rush hour on the morning of June 1 in the West Texas city of San Angelo. Heather Santellano, 3
197、6, was driving her white 2012 Mazda on Houston、 Harte Frontage Road with her nine-year-old daughter and ten-year- old son in the back. Suddenly, a red pickup truck cut them off. Santellano turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda skidding off the road and down an embankment(堤)that ended
198、 in a drop-off after about 50 feet. If the car didnt stop, it would go airborne and plunge onto the road some 20 feet below.Then a bit of luck: As the car raced toward the edge, its undercarriage got stuck on the cement lip of the embankment ledge, stopping it cold. The occupants, however, were far
199、from safe. The car had come to rest on top of a retaining wall, literally teetering(摇摇欲坠)on the edge of disaster. One sudden move by anyone inside could send it over.Jacob Rodriguez watched the scene unfold from the Truck Repair Plant where he works. Then he and four other men ran to the car. They l
200、eaped onto the trunk to balance the weight as the terrified kids in the back seat watched.Meanwhile, Julio Vasquez and his nephew, Marco Vasquez, were driving to their jabs at nearby Premier Automotive. Julio jumped out of the car to help while Marco went to the shop, grabbed a heavy-duty strap(皮带)，
201、and returned to the swinging car. He fastened the Mazda to an P-350 truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers. With the car secured, the group carefully opened the back doors and helped the children out.But their departure shifted the cars weight, causing it to lean forward. The m
202、en, still on-the trunk, asked Santellano to jump into the back seat to rebalance the weight. She did and then inched out the back door. Finally, the men carefully got off the trunk. Everyone was safe.4. What do we know about Heather Santellano?A. She was a careless driver.B. She drove her twins to s
203、chool.C. She ran into a pickup truck.D. She made a sharp turn to avoid the truck.5. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?A. Stress the coming of good fortune.B. Describe the cars dangerous situation.C. Add some background information.D. Explain why people came to the rescue.6. What is th
204、e most critical in the rescue process?A. Balance.B. Cooperation.C. Calmness.D. Gravity.7. Which of the following statements is consistent with the theme of the passage?A. Persistence will pay off. .B. One in trouble, all to help.、C. Many hands make light work.D. Love makes the world go round.【答案】4.
205、D 5. B 6. A 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了Heather Santellano驾车外出，遭遇皮卡抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Santellano turned the wheel hard to the right，sending the Mazda skidding off the road and down an embankment(堤)that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet.可知，桑特拉诺把方向盘用力向右转，汽车在行驶50
206、英尺后滑出公路，沿着一条堤岸滑下。所以说，她急转弯以避开卡车。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。第二段讲到幸运的是，车子完全停住了。然而，后座的孩子们却并不安全，车子处于堤边，摇摇欲坠。特别最后一句One sudden move by anyone inside could send it over.更能判断出，此段描述一下这辆车的危险情况。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。综合第三段They leaped onto the trunk to balance the weight.他们跳上后备箱来平衡重量，和最后一段. The men, still on-the trunk, asked Sant
207、ellano to jump into the back seat to rebalance the weight.他们让桑特拉诺跳到汽车后座上来平衡重量，以及中间的描写可判断，救援过程中最关键的是平衡。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章描写了Heather Santellano驾车外出，遭遇皮卡抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险。故 One in trouble ,all to help一方有难，八方支援，符合文章主题。故选B。CAndrew Grey doesnt fit most peoples idea of an astronomer.
208、He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASAs Kepler space telescope.Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordina
209、ry people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zoonivers
210、e, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone c
211、an identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, dont stay focused on what theyre supposed to. And thats good, because people who do that notice
212、 the unusual things in s data set.“And citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citize
213、n scientists,” she says. Thats what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked f
214、or patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”8. What made citizen sc
215、ientists appear?A. The high level of science projectsB. The development of technology.C. The support of the government.D. The foundation of Zooniverse.9. What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines?A. Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly.B. Humans focus their attenti
216、on on data.C. Humans can observe uncommon things.D. Humans have stronger emotions.10. What is Lincons attitude towards citizen science?A. Favorable.B. Cautious.C. Indifferent.D. Doubtful.11. What would be the best title of the text?A. Citizen scientists can be intelligent.B. Science is important to
217、everyone.C. Anyone can be a scientist.D. Science is everywhere.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了这样的观点：科学研究并不专属于科学家，平民科学家对科学研究也有很大的帮助。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的 For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of
218、 democratization to science.（几个世纪以来，只有少数普通人对科学作出了贡献，但技术的进步使科学的民主化程度提高了。）可知，由于科技的发展使得科学趋于民主化，更多的平民才能接触到科学。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的 Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, dont stay focused on what theyre supposed to. And thats good
219、, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.（机器学习允许计算机进行一些模式识别。但是人类，尤其是业余科学家，不会专注于他们应该做的事情。这很好，因为这样做的人会注意到数据集中不寻常的东西。）可推知，和机器相比，人更能注意到数据里一些特殊的东西。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的 As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is e
220、asy and we need your help”（作为一名专业的科学家，Lintott说:“人们认为我们很聪明，但是科学很简单，我们需要你的帮助。”）可推知，Lintott认为科学家需要这些平民科学家的帮助，因此Lintott对平民科学是非常赞同的。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段通过对Andrew Grey这位平民科学家的介绍来引出全文；第二段中的 Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.说明这样的平民科学
221、家目前有很多；第五段中的 And citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist 说明想成为平民科学家并不难。再通过下文中regular people, help from everyday people, science is easy这些字眼可判断，文章主要讲述了普通人也可以研究科学，成为科学家，C项Anyone can be a scientist.很好地概括了全文的主旨大意。故选C项。【点睛】阅读理解技巧之态度推理好判断态度只分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。识别态度有以下方法：找文中带
222、有感情色彩的名次、动词、形容词、副词；根据作者举的例子判断等。比如文章第3小题：3. What is Lincons attitude towards citizen science?A. Favorable. B. Cautious.C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.在涉及本题的文段中：As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.” “we need you
223、r help（我们需要你们的帮助）”揭示了他的态度：接受支持平民科学家。因此，不难选择，A项为正确答案。DIt seems that the great desire among the young is to be popular. The desire to be popular can force you into looking and acting like everyone else. You can lose yourself in a sea of identical hairstyles and thinking styles.I was forced to think ab
224、out popularity not too long ago in a talk I had with my daughter. Margy had to change schools when my busy work schedule made it necessary for me to move houses. I suppose that, for a girl in her teens, entering a new school is like spending a season alone in the tropical jungles. At least thats how
225、 Margy found it at first. However, as the school year drew to a close, one student after another came to her. I told Margy that I would have been more concerned if she had been an instant social success in her new school. Nobody can please everyone. If you try to do so, you will find values as lasti
226、ng as soap bubbles blown into the air.Some teenagers claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in a certain way is that the crowd
227、is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon into a larger cocoon.I know that it has become harder for a young person to stand up against the popularity wave. Our way of life makes a young nonconformist stand out like a Martian. These days theres a great barrier for the young person who wants to
228、find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. Well, go to it. Be yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.12. Why was
229、 the author worried about his daughters popularity in her new school?A. She might find no true friends.B. She would ignore her academic performance.C. She had no idea of her own.D. She might betray her true self.13. What does the author think of most teenagers?A. Theyre afraid of getting lost in lif
230、e.B. They have difficulty understanding each other.C. They lack the courage to be truly different.D. They find it hard to gain popularity as expected.14. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word nonconformist in Paragraph 4?A. Someone who cares about others opinion.B. Someone who desires
231、popularity greatly.C. Someone who behaves in his own way.D. Someone who wants to please others.15. What is the authors purpose of writing this passage?A. To persuade readers to pursue valuable popularity.B. To tell parents how to guide their children.C. To criticize the present values and beliefs.D.
232、 To suggest a good way to be popular.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】试题分析：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从自己女儿换了新学校后迅速受到新同学欢迎一事入手，批判了一些人为迎合他人就放弃自我的行为方式的行为，并就“受欢迎”表达了自己的观点：做真实的自己，别人也会尊重你的本真。 【小题1】D 细节理解题。根据第一段“The desire to be popular can force you into looking and acting like everyone else. You can lose yourself i
233、n a sea of identical hairstyles and thinking styles.”（想要受欢迎的欲望会迫使你看起来和行为像其他人一样。你可能会迷失在一模一样的发型和思维方式的海洋中）以及第二段“ I told Margy that I would have been more concerned if she had been an instant social success in her new school. Nobody can please everyone. If you try to do so, you will find values as lasti
234、ng as soap bubbles blown into the air.”（我告诉玛吉，如果她能在新学校里迅速获得社会成功，我会更加担心。没有人能取悦所有人。如果你试着这么做，你会发现价值就像吹到空气中的肥皂泡不会持久）可知，作者担心女儿违背了真实的自我以取悦他人，使自己变得受欢迎。因此，答案选D。【小题2】C 推理判断题。根据第三段“Some teenagers claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in mus
235、ic. But somehow they all end up listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in a certain way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon into a larger cocoon.”一些青少年声称他们想穿自己喜欢的衣服。但是他们都穿同样的衣服。他们朝音乐的新方向出发。但不知怎么的，他们最后都在听同一张唱片。他们以某种方式思考或行动的原因是群众在这样做。他们已经从自己的茧中出
236、来，进入一个更大的茧中。“”可知，作者认为大多数青少年随波逐流，缺少真正变得与众不同的勇气。因此，答案选C。【小题3】C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的的I know that it has become harder for a young person to stand up against the popularity wave可知，我知道，一个年轻人要在人气大潮中挺身而出已经变得越来越困难了，此处承接上文，旨在说明想要变得与众不同，走自己的路变得更难了，画线词后的“ stand out like a Martian”是最好的体现。由此可推知画线词指的应是“不遵循常规的人”。因此，答案选C。【小题4】A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者从自己女儿换了新学校后迅速受到新同学欢迎一事入手，批判了一些人为迎合他人就放弃自我行为方式的行为并就“受欢迎”表达了自己的观点：做真实的自己，别人也会尊重你的本真。因此，作者的写作目的在于劝诫读者追求有价值的“受欢迎”，而不要一味地迎合他人。因此，答案选A。【点睛】考点：考查夹叙夹议文阅读