1、选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPeriod 2 Language points and Learning about language一、学习目标：掌握重点单词和短语的用法。重点列举： means, slavery, majority, immigration, percentage, aircraft, mix, mixture, nationality, racial, apparently, slip, by means of, the Pacific Islands, make a life, team up with, mark out, take in
2、, a great many等。二、知识重难点重点：通过熟读课文和做练习，掌握重点单词和短语的用法。难点：进一步学习重点单词和短语在语境中的运用。三、课前预习翻译下列单词、词组 1._(n.)国籍；民族 2._(vi.)发生；出现 3._(adj.& n.)天主教的；天主教徒 4._(n.)受奴役状态；奴隶制 5._(n.)（从外国移入的）移民 6._(n.& adj.)社会主义者；社会党人；社会主义者的 7._(n.)申请人 8._(n.)祖先 9._(n.)征服者；统治者 10._和有关系 11._大量地 12._把和作比较 13._被强迫进入 14._（某人）想到 15._组成四、知识梳
3、理重点单词和短语1. occur想到；想起；发生（=happen)；存在某人想起/想到sth. occurred to sb.=sth. struck sb. =sth. came to sb.=It occurred to sb. that=It occurred to sb. to do sth.An idea has occurred to me.我有主意了。【即学即练】完成句子（1）It never occurred to her _anyone. 她从未想到问问他人。（2）When did the accident occur? 事故是什么时候发生的？2. majority n. (
4、the great number or amount; most)（常与of连用）多数；半数以上,Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men who came to teach . ( P2)The majority of children in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.The minority is subordinate to the majority.【拓展】major adj, greater when
5、 compared with others in size, number or importance 较大的；较多的；主要的。注意：major不能与than连用，如不能说He is major than I am.One of the major aims of the air raid was the complete demolition of all means of communications by bombing. The car needs major repairs.【即学即练】单项选择Dont worry about the present situation in the
6、 world; _ of people prefer peace to war.A. the most B. the great part C. the majority D. the number 3. declare v. 公布；宣布；宣告The city officials declared a state of emergency.城市当局宣布该城处于紧急状态。表明；宣称；断言“Im not coming with you and thats final!” declared Mary.“我不跟你去这是最后决定！”玛丽郑重地说。申报（应纳税品）；申报（收益）The customs as
7、ked me if I had anything to declare.海关人员问我是否有要报税的东西。【词语辨析】announce/declare这两个动词均含有“宣布”之意。declare侧重正式就某事清楚明白地宣布，譬如：声明个人的立场等。The new Congress declared a state of war with Germany.新的国会向德国宣战了。announce多指首次宣布大家感兴趣的或者可满足大家好奇心的事情。The vote was completed. The chairman announced the result.投票完毕，主席宣布了结果。【即学即练】(
8、1) She _that she didnt want to see him again.A. addressed B. broadcast C. announced D. declared(2)All the leading media in China _ Premier Wen Jiabaos official visit to South Korea and Japan.A. reported B printed C. announced D. declared(3) The fact that she never apologized _ a lot about what kind
9、of person she is. A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares五、知识点拨易混内容1. percent/ percentagepercent 表示“百分之”，相当于“”，其前面往往是一个具体的数字。percentage 表示“百分比；百分率”，前面不能是具体数字，只能被high，low等修饰。即学即练用适当的词填空(1)There used to be a high _ of babies that died of scarlet fever every year.(2)Over ninety _ of my classmates have
10、an English dictionary.2. means / way/ methodmeans指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”a way to do sth.a way of doing sth./ a method of doing sth. 做的方法in this way/ with the metho by this means 用这种些方法by the way 顺便问一下 on ones way to . 在
11、去的路上in the way 挡住路3. happen / occur/ take placehappen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧，恰好”的意思。occur 文言意味较浓,常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。New things are happening all around us.新事物在我们周围不断发生。The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m. 爆炸发生在早上5点30分。When will the basketball game take plac
12、e?篮球赛何时举行？ 4. used to do/ be used to do/ be used to doing 三者看似相似，但意义差别很大。used to在时间上主要是同现在相比，表明“过去经常做某事，现在不这样了” 其后接动词原型。be used to do sth是use的被动语态形式，“被用来做某事”。be/ get/ become used to doing sth强调习惯于做某事，其后接动名词或doing形式，与be accustomed to用法一样。即学即练完成句子（1) It _ be thought that the earth was flat.（2) It will
13、 take a while for people to _ the new life.（3) Wood _build houses.（4) 这里的人冬天常用煤来取暖。（5) 我不习惯被这样对待。重点内容讲解1. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in
14、 the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始来到（美国），但是更大指的中 移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。点拨本句的核心结构为强调句型：It is/ was that, 强调了主语the building of the rail net from the west to the east coast in the Summer Olympics. 强调句型It is/ was that/ who的用法归纳如下：（1）强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
15、强调句型应避免使用where, when, which等连词。It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons.玩电脑游戏用掉了这个孩子本来应该花在功课上的许多时间。It is during his spare time that Tom has been studying the situation for several months.几个月以来，汤姆一直利用自己的空闲时间研究局势。（2）that/ who后的动词的人称和数的变化要与前面的名
16、词或供词一致。It was I who/ that was to blame.该受责备的人是我。It was only I who am willing to go to the film.愿意去看电影的人只是我。（3）强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？Is it Mr. Li who guided the company through the difficulties.是李先生带领公司渡过难关的吗？（4）强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：Where is it tha
17、t you are going for your holidays?你打算到哪儿去度假？How was it that you climbed to the top of that building?你是如何爬上楼顶的？（5）强调句型中的特殊形式：It is not until that / It is because . that It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.直到走进教室，他才意识到忘了做作业。It was because
18、 her mother was ill that she didnt go to work.是因为她妈妈病了她才没有去上班。（6）在强调句型中，作主语的关系代词who/ that可以省略。It is he (that/ who) worked out the maths problem.是他算出了这道题。It is I (that/ who) am teaching them the English song.是我在教他们唱这首英语歌曲。六、自主探究课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1. 原句 However, it is likely that Native Americ
19、ans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.（P2）点拨句型 it is likely that意为“有可能.”，that引导_，it为_。拓展 likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语，常用句型是：It is likely that.或sb./sth.is likely to.原句翻译 仿写他很可能已经染上了网瘾。 2. 原句That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.点拨句中的
20、why引导的是_。That is why意为“这就是为什么”why从句表示结果。拓展Thats because 意为“这是因为”，because从句表示原因；The reason why is/ was that意为“的原因是,表语从句常用that引导,而不用because。原句翻译 仿写 因为他病了，那是他上课迟到原因。 。练案A组 课堂基础练习一、用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1. In America, presidential _ (elect) are held every four years. 2. They deserve to _ (punish) for putting
21、passengers at risk. 3. She had to tidy the classroom as _ (punish) for being late. 4. She was the daughter of Chinese _ (immigrate) to America. 5. There was a sudden increase _ (immigrate) from Eastern Europe. 6. He is a victim of _ (race) discrimination. 7. She turned to face him, her anger _ (appa
22、rent) gone. 8. Their motives, as will soon become _ (apparently), are completely selfish. 二、易混淆词语填空percent，percentage1. I am a hundred _ in agreement with you. 2. This company only supply 30 _ of what we need.3. The numbers are small, in _ terms, but significant. means / way/ method4. These vegetabl
23、es can be cooked in different _. 5. Only in this _ can you find out the truth.6. By this _ I get in touch with him.7. We express our thoughts by _ of words. 8. The of teaching need improving.B组 课外拓展练习一、单项选择1. Five members of a Jewish settler family have been murdered in their home in _ police suspec
24、ted was an operation by Palestinian militants.A. what B. that C. those D. which2. The police looked into all the car thefts carefully and found the thief had opened the door _ a hi-tec device.A. by the means B. by all means C. by ways of D. by means of3. When she saw the scene on TV, it _ her that s
25、he could adopt a homeless child.A. ran into B. happened to C. occurred to D. was occurred to4. It is _ a contribution to improving our teaching _ we have joined in, not to make money or a fame. A. to make; that B. making; since C. to make; so D. to make; after二、用announce和declare的适当形式填空1. Everyone was silent as he _ the winner of the competition.2. I _ at the meeting that I did not support him.3. Please _ to the children that there will be no school this afternoon.4. I have a laptop computer. Do I have to _ it at the customs?