1、湖南衡南县2016高考英语【二轮】阅读理解选练（3）及答案【2014训练】阅读理解Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams to rivers to oceans. But downhill isnt the only way that water moves .A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption. This flow isnt the type we usually think about .These
2、scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports. They call this a flow of“virtual water（虚拟水）”.We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap. However,92of the water used by people goes into growing cr
3、ops，according to water researcher Arjen Hoekstra. He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats .These products are shipped around the world.For exampleconsider a sugary soft drink. Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of
4、the drink requires between 170 and 310litersofthewaterabout 95is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料).Another 4goes into the packaging and labeling. In Hoekstras calculation, when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad，it exports as much virtual water as would fill a l
5、arge refrigeratorAccording to Hoekstras new report，dry countries like Israel and Kuwait，both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries，through imported products. More surprisingly,some wetter countries，like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the maj
6、ority of their virtual water from other places. That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries. In the United States most of the virtual water used comes from American sources .In China even less of the water asso
7、ciated with its products51. What is the best title for the passage?A. Crops and Virtual Water B. Import and Export of WaterC. Benefits of Virtual Water D. Waters worldwide travels52. The first paragraph is intended to talk about_.A. how water flows B. what virtual water isC. where virtual water exis
8、ts D. why water is imported and exported53. The example of a sugary soft drink in Paragraph 3 is given to show_.A. how drinks are made B. how virtual water is usedC. how virtual water is exported D. how drinks are shipped54.In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside?A. lsra
9、el and America B. America and the NetherlandsC. China and the United Kingdom D. Kuwait and the Netherlands55. The passage is most probably a_.A. science news report B. book reviewC. newspaper advertisement D. science fiction story【参考答案】5155、DBBDA 【2014训练】阅读理解How to deal successfully with a child sho
10、wing outstanding musical ability? Its not always clear how best to develop and encourage his gift. Many parents may even fail to recognize and respond to their childrens need until discouragement explodes into uncooperative(不合作的)behavior. And while most schools are equipped to deal with children who
11、 are especially able in academic subjects，the musically gifted require special understanding which may not always be available in an ordinary school. Such children may well benefit from the education offered by a specialist music school.The five music schools in Britain aim to provide all environmen
12、t where gifted children can develop their skills under the guidance of professional musicians. Children here spend about half of a day on musical activities，for example，individual lessons，orchestras，chamber(室内音乐的)groups，voice training，conducting and theory. They also spend several hours a day practi
13、cing in private rooms .The rest of their time is taken up with the subjects：English，maths and basic sciences.What are the disadvantages? An obvious problem is that the fees are high .However,each school will often scholarships and other forms of financial aid. Secondly,not all parents want to send t
14、heir children to boarding school, especially at an early age .Almost all the directors of the specialist schools express doubts about the wisdom of admitting children as young as seven into such a tense and disciplined（守纪律的)environment. They stress，however, that their main aim is to turn out “well-r
15、ounded and wellbalanced individual.”56. If a childs musical ability is not recognized_.A. the child may behave badly B. the ability may fade awayC. the child may lose interest D. the parents may become anxious57. What probably may musically gifted children face in ordinary schools?A. Their academic
16、work may suffer B. Schools lack musical equipmentC. Music is not seen as an important subject D. Parents and teachers dont work together58. What makes specialist music schools different from other schools?A. Their working day is longerB. A range of musical training is offeredC. More than half the da
17、y is spent on musicD. The children have mostly one-to-one lessons59. According to school directors，what is a possible disadvantage for pupils?A. Poor children may not be included B. They may lose their individualityC. There may be a discipline problem D. They may be too small on arrival60 The passag
18、e mainly talks about_.A. education and development about children B. disadvantages of music schoolsC. music schools for children with music gift D how to deal with music talented children【参考答案】5660、ACBDC【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2014模拟调研】C The closest known relative of the ancestors of limbed（肢体）animals such as hum
19、ans may have evolved the foundation for back legs even before the move to land, researchers say. This ancestor may have even been able to walk underwater, they add. These findings reveal that a key step in the evolution of back limbs happened in fish,challenging previous theories that such appendage
20、s（附肢）evolved only after the move to land.Scientists investigated fossils（化石）of a 375-million-year-old fish known as Tiktaalik,discovered in 2004 in northern Canadas Ellesmere Island. Possessing a broad flat head andsharp teeth, Tiktaalik resembled a cross between a fish and a crocodile, growing to a
21、 length of 9 feet (2.7 meters) as it hunted for its food in shallow freshwater. This ancient creature was undoubtedly a fish. However, it also had features seen in modern tetrapods（四足动物） This ancient fish had large forefins and shoulders, elbows and partial wrists, enabling it to support itself on g
22、round. This makes it the best-known example of a link between finned（鳍）animals and limbed animals marking the evolutionary change from water to land for creatures with backbones. Previous analyses of other fossils dating from the water-land change found their backappendages were small and weak compa
23、red with their front appendages. This suggested theearliest ancestors of tetrapods perhaps had a front-wheel drive form of movement thatdepended more on their front limbs, and that a four-wheel drive form of movement with strong hips and back limbs only developed after tetrapods evolved. Until now,
24、the only fossils of Tiktaalik researchers had examined were of its front parts. To find out more about the fish, researchers investigated additional blocks of rock recovered from the dig site where Tiktaalik was discovered. Although some of these blocks were first dug in 2004, researchers did not lo
25、ok at them more closely until recently, mainly because the blocks did not seem to contain much bone. Moreover, it took years to carefully and properly remove the rock surrounding the fragile fossils. The scientists discovered the back part of TiktaalikThis made a direct comparison of the front and b
26、ack appendages of the animal possible. Unexpectedly, the researchers found Tiktaalik had big, strong pelvic（胃盆）bones with similarities to early tetrapods. I was expecting to find a diminutive back fin and pelvis, study lead author Neil Shubin, a paleontologist at the University of Chicago, told Live
27、Science. Seeing the huge pelvis set me back a bit-I looked at it again and again, because I was quite surprised. Shubin cautioned that Tiktaalik is not the ancestor of all limbed vertebrates. It is currently the closest known relative, but not the only, direct ancestor, he said. It is more like our
28、closest cousin.63According to the passage, previous findings show that A. the evolution of back limbs happened under the water B. the ancestors of limbed animals could walk underwater C. the back legs of limbed animals evolved after the transition to living on land D. tetrapods had a four-wheel driv
29、e form of movement before they evolved64. Scientists think the findings of Tiktaalik are significant because A. Tiktaalik is the earliest fish living on the earth B. Tiktaalik fills a gap between fish and limbed animals C. Tiktaalik is the only closest known relative of limbed animals D. Tiktaalik g
30、ives them a chance to compare the front and back limbs65Why didnt the researchers examine the fossils of the back part of Tiktaalik many years ago? A. Because the blocks contained too much bone of Tiktaalik. B Because Tiktaalik is not the ancestor of all limbed animals. C. Because the research of fo
31、ssils is a slow and time-consuming process. D. Because the fossils were discovered in northern Canadas Ellesmere Island.66. What does the underlined word diminutive in Paragraph 8 mean? A. Unique. B. Complete. C. Flexible. D. Small. 【参考答案】 6365、CBC 66、D【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2014模拟调研】D In many American schools t
32、he holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s birthday is used as an opportunity to teach children about his life and legacy. But in too many of those same schools, Black childrens extraordinary talents are still being wasted today. Nearly three-quarters of Black fourth and eighth grade public
33、school students cannot read or compute at grade level.Black students made up only 18 percent of students in public schools in 2009-2010 but were 40 percent of students who received one or more out-of-school suspensions（暂被停学）A Blackpublic school student is suspended every four seconds. Black students
34、 are more than twice aslikely to drop out of school as White students. Each school day 763 Black high school students drop out.So I applaud the US. Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action toaddress harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children
35、out of school each year and into the juvenile（青少年)justice and adult prison pipeline. If the education system is to do its part in replacing it with a cradle to college, career and success pipeline, we must end the current practice where children in the greatest need are suspended from school mostly
36、for nonviolent offenses. These resources, officially known as guidance, will help schools and districts meet their legal responsibility to protect students from discrimination on the basis of race, color or national origin as required under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As we recognize t
37、he 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and so many other important hard-won victories in the Civil Rights Movement this year, we must remember those victories could be lost without meaningful enforcement of the laws advocates fought so hard to win half a century ago. While the guidance
38、does not prohibit schools or districts from using any particularnondiscriminatory policy, it does call into question some policies that have historically excludedBlack students and are of questionable educational value including zero tolerance disciplinepolicies which require mandatory（强制的）consequen
39、ces for certain infractions（违反），and policies that prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence. Information of the new guidance recommendations is available at this government website for almost every school and district in the country. Check your own school distric
40、t now to see whether the discipline policy is focused on creating a positive school climate and preventing misbehavior, whether consequences are clear, appropriate and consistent, and whether there is a commitment to fairness in the application of discipline.67. What does the first paragraph mainly
41、talk about? A. Unsatisfactory situation of Black studentseducation. B Life and legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. C The percentage of Black students dropping out of school. D. The holiday celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s birthday.68The guidance issued by the U.S. Departments of Education an
42、d Justice may A. protect Black children from being suspended for nonviolent offenses B prevent Black children from coming back to school after a court sentence C. push thousands of Black children out of school each year D punish Black children for dropping out of school69. According to the passage,
43、the zero tolerance discipline policies A. have questionable consequences B are prohibited by the guidance C prevent Black children from being absent from school D. were considered discriminatory when they were released70. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Criticism of the Education System B. Steps Forward on School Discipline C Suggestions on the Civil Rights Act D. Victories in the Civil Rights Movement6770、AAAB
