1、第四讲 时态和语态第二部分 第四讲栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲词单数变复一般时1.一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be 动词的一般现在时用 am/is/are)构成。My dream school starts at 8：30 a.m.and ends at 3：30 p.m.我理想的学校上午 8:30 上课，下午 3:30 放学。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲(2)如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由 when,while,before,after,until,as soon
2、as 等引导的时间状语从句，if 和 unless引导的条件状语从句及让步状语从句中，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示将来的动作或状态。The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started.这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲2.一般过去时(1)常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。(2015 湖 南 高 考 单 项 填 空)I wasnt a
3、ble to hide my eagerness when I asked,“What do you wish me to do now？”当我问“你现在想要我做什么？”的时候，我掩饰不住内心的渴望之情。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲(2)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有 know,think,expect,want 等。Edward,you play so well.But I didnt know you played the piano.爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢
4、琴。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲3.一般将来时“shall/will动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。(2015北京高考单项填空)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.杰克逊博士现在不在办公室。All right.I will call him later.好的。我稍后给他打电话。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party.我希望
5、你在晚宴上表现得大方得体。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲词单数变复进行时1.现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或存在的状态。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲I hear you are working in a pub.Whats it like?我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？Well,its very hard work and Im always tired,but I dont mind.哦，工作很辛苦，我总是感到很累，不过我不介意。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突
6、破第二部分 第四讲(2)某些表示位置移动的动词，如 come,go,leave,arrive,start,move 等词，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。The ship is leaving for New York soon.这条船很快就要开往纽约。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲2.过去进行时(1)表示过去某时正在发生的动作，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作；也可表示过去某个时间段内一直在进行的动作。I walked slowly through the market,where people were selling all kinds of frui
7、ts and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.我慢慢地走过一个市场，人们在那里销售各种各样的水果与蔬菜。我认真地研究了它们的价格之后，买了些我所需要的。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲(2)短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的事。I was coming to visit you later that day,but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核
8、心突破第二部分 第四讲3.将来进行时表示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon?今天下午两点我给你回电话可以吗？Im sorry,but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five?对不起，那时我正飞往北京，五点钟怎么样？栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲词单数变复完成时1.现在完成时(1)表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成了影响或结果，常与 lately,recently,so far,by
9、 now,up to/till now,in the last/past few days/years 等时间状语连用。Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们确信一定会按时完工。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲(2)表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常与“since时间点”或“for时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用。I remember you were a t
10、alented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me?我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？Sorry,I havent played the piano for years.抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲2过去完成时(1)表示在过去某一时间之前动作已经完成，即“过去的过去”。或表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，这一动作或状态可能一直持续到过去这一时刻，也可能将继续下去。By the time Jack returned home from
11、 England,his son had graduated from college.杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲(2)有时可表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，常用于该用法的动词有 intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think 等。He had intended to speak,but time did not permit.他本想发言，可是时间不允许。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲3完成进行时完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的动作。
12、这一动作可能刚完成，也可能仍在进行，具有持续性和未完成性。该时态多用于延续性动词。The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.从上午 9 点开始，经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲In order to find the missing child,villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民
13、们做了他们所能做的一切。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲4将来完成时将来完成时表示在将来的某一时间之前将会完成的动作，并往往对将来的某一时间产生影响。由“shall/willhave过去分词”构成。By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket,we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲常用完成时的句型句 型例 句It is/has been一段时间since 从句.(sinc
14、e 从句用一般过去时)It was/had been一段时间since 从句.(since 从句用过去完成时)It was three years since we had been there.我们在那儿已待了三年。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲句 型例 句It/This is the first/second/.timethat sb.have/has done.；It/This was the first/second/.timethat sb.had done.This is the first time wehave seen a film in the c
15、inema as a family.这是我们全家人第一次到电影院看电影。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲句 型例 句That/This/It is/was最高级名词定语从句(从句常用完成时)Hardly/Scarcely.when.；No sooner.than.(主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时)In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也认为，那是他写过的最好的诗。Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始
16、就下起雨来。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲 单句语法填空1.(2015全国卷语法填空)This cycle_(go)day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.2The boy_(open)his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.goesopened栏
17、目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲3(2016河南高考适应性模拟)If I hold it for a minute,that s not a problem.If I hold it for an hour,I_(have)an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day,youll have to call an ambulance.4.(2015 陕 西 高 考 语 法 和 词 汇 知 识)Marty _(work)really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finishe
18、d it by Friday.will havehas been working栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲5.(2016龙口模拟)McDonalds _(work)hard to get its customers back now.In January,the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl.6.(2016潍坊高考模拟)At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then,they_(set)a
19、bout finding out how the fire began.7.(2016滕州模拟)One Friday afternoon,after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car,she found that she_(forget)to buy some sugar.is workinghave sethad forgotten栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲8.(2016河南顶级名校模拟)“I_(eat)with my wife and children,”he s
20、aid,“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.”9 For years the government of that country _(ignore)their responsibility when it comes to the mental ill.10John,why are you so upset?I _(look)for my keys all morning but they are nowhere to be found.was eatinghas i
21、gnoredhave been looking栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲 单句改错1(2015全国卷短文改错)When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there._2(2015全国卷短文改错)After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found that his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry._thinkth
22、oughtbegunbegan栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲3(2015四川高考短文改错)As I tell you last time,I made three new friends here._4In order to pay off his debts,Mike had to sell his car.After all,he had it for five years._5Listen,someone steps closer to our room.If its the boss,that will be rather bad so lets get do
23、wn to our work right now！_stepsis steppingtelltold在it前加 had栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成，be 动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态常见的时态变化列表如下：形态 时间一 般进 行完 成现在am/is/are过去分词am/is/are being过去分词have/has been过去分词栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲形态 时间一 般进 行完 成过去将来过去 将来was/were过去分词was/were being过去分词ha
24、d been过去分词shall/will be过去分词shall/will Have been过去分词should/would be过去分词栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲In the spoken English of some areas in the U.S.,the“r”sounds at the end of the words are dropped.在美国一些地方的口语中，单词结尾的“r”的发音通常被省略掉了。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲词单数变复主动形式表示被动意义以下形式常用主动形式表示被动意义：分类例 词例 句连系 动词s
25、mell,taste,feel,look,sound,prove,turn等后接形容词作表语时Your suggestion proved quite effective.你的建议已被证明是很有效的。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲实义 动词This pen writes smo-othly.这支笔写起来很流畅。表示主语的属性、特征或功能的词，如read,write,sell,wash等，常与well,badly,easily,smoothly等副词连用时表示“开始”“结束”的词，如begin,start,finish,end等The party finished wi
26、th a song.聚会以一首歌曲结束。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲分类例 词例 句非谓 语动 词 need,want,require(需要),deserve(值得)等后接doing时The clock needs winding once a week.这只钟表需要每周上一次发条。在beadj.(difficult,hard,heavy,dangerous,pleasant,comfortable等)to do结构中Its difficult to see how more savingscan be made.看到如何进一步节约是很难的。栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测
27、考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲 单句语法填空1.(2015湖南高考单项填空)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but _(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.2(2016日照模拟)Have they got our car repaired?I don t know.But it_(repair)when I called them yesterday.was heldwas being repaired栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲3(2016
28、江西鹰潭模拟)If you so desire and cannot afford one,a lawyer_(appoint)without any charge before any questioning.4.(2016江西九江模拟)To the customers satisfaction,teas of the same high quality_(serve)in each shop every day.5(2015湖北高考完成句子)The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project _(finish
29、)by the students independently.had been finishedwill be appointedare served栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲 单句改错1(2014大纲全国卷单项填空)Unless some extra money finds,the theatre will close._2After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it was decorated._3We wont start the wor
30、k until all the preparations have made._findsis found was后加being在have后加been栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲4The letters for the boss put on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later._5The soup is tasted delicious.Will you have some？_is tastedtastesput前加were栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲栏目导引高效演练跟踪检测考点解读核心突破第二部分 第四讲本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放