1、英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共10小题，共20.0分)FIRE plays an important role in maintaining woodland ecosystems but fire introduced to undergrowth too often destroys too much； as humans remain the leading cause of wildfire， the responsibility to minimize the damage done falls on our shoulders Here are four man-made fire
2、s that highlight the mission to fight fire and help to replant the worlds forests to counter the effects of deforestationHeilongjiang Fire-China， 1987One of the largest fires ever to occur in history， the Heilongiiang Firedevouredthree million acres of forest in the Greater Khingan Range Reports att
3、ributed the fires easy spread to dry conditions in the area-but it was excessive logging activity without any effort to let the forest regrow that really let it rage unhindered 34，000 soldiers were deployed to put the fire out， and 33，000 people were left homelessWallow Fire-USA， 2011Still the large
4、st wildfire in Arizonas history， Wallow got its name when two men accidentally started it while camping in the Bear Wallow Wilderness Their campfire blew out of control and burned through over half a million acres of land， costing 72 million to extinguish， and a further 37 million to clean up and re
5、build after the damage More than 6，000 people had to be evacuatedUttarakhand fires-India， 2016Throughout the year， man-made fires plagued the pine forests of the Uttarakhand Region Widespread media coverage eventually spurred the government on to intervene， sending Indian Air Force helicopters to pu
6、t them out Its suspected that these increased numbers could be the result of honey or seed collectors trying to frighten off animalsBrandenburg Fire-Germany， 2018Largely thanks to longer， dryer summers than usual-the forested area of Brandenburg， Germany， caught alight Results of investigation sugge
7、sted that evidence pointed to arson （纵火） Brandenburg lost nearly 1，000 acres of its forested land and three nearby villages had to be evacuated A choking， smoky haze drifted twelve miles to Berlin， causing residents to have to shut themselves in their home1.The underlined word devoured in the second
8、 paragraph has the closest meaning to _ A.detestedB.destroyedC.detachedD.detained2.Which of the following is true about the four fires？ _A.The dry condition of the Greater Khingan Range was mainly responsible for the rage of Heilongjiang FireB.A total of 109 million was poured in putting out the Wal
9、low Fire aloneC.Uttarakhand fires claimed so many lives that Air Force helicopters came to the rescueD.The evidence suggested that the Brandenburg Fire might be caused by someone deliberately3.The most suitable title for this passage might be _ A.hot weather setting the globe on fireB.forest blazes
10、caused by human handsC.forest fires consuming people and moneyD.uncontained forest fires raging worldwideYou can use me as a last resort（选择）， and if nobody else volunteers， then I will do it This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse（长曲棍球） cl
11、ubI guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule， or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport She may just need a little persuading So I try again andtug at the heartstrings I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching
12、 a team that his kids arent even on At this point the unwilling parent speaks up， Alright Yes， Ill do itIm secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule， sends out emails， and collects money for en
13、d-of-season gifts Somewhere along the way， the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watchin
14、g your own kid score a goalStill， most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more： Connecting to the community（社区） as you freely give your time， money， skills， or service
15、s provides a real joy Volunteering just feels so goodIn that sense， Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admitHowever， if others benefit in the process， and I get some reward too， does it really matter where my motivation lies？4.What can we infer about the pare
16、nt from her reply in paragraph l？ _A.She is stressed as a single motherB.She doesnt like playing the lacrosseC.Volunteering is not in her listD.Her schedule is too demanding5.What is the aim when the author mentions some examples in the second paragraph ？ _A.The author wants to praise the volunteers
17、B.The author wants to persuade the parentC.The author wants to promote good deedsD.The author wants to offer some advice6.Why do so many people keep doing the volunteer work？ _A.It gives then a sense of joyB.It brings them financial benefitsC.It enables them to work hardD.It helps them keep energeti
18、cIn the animal kingdom， weakness can bring about aggression in other animals This sometimes happens with humans also But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people I see it every day when people hold doors for me， pour cream into my coffee， or helpme to put on my coat And I have
19、 discovered that it makes them happyFrom my wheelchair experience， I see the best in people， but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily They dont get to see this soft side of others Often， we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness， which
20、 includes a lot of pretending But only when we stop pretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in themLast month， when I was driving home on a busy highway， I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual People behind me began to get impatient and angry， w
21、ith some speeding up alongside me， horning （按喇叭）or even shouting at me At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four years of driving I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speedNo more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights， I was sa
22、ying to other drivers， I have a problem here I am weak and doing the best I can And everyone understood Several times， I saw drivers who wanted to pass They couldnt get around me because of the stream of passing traffic But instead of getting impatient and angry， they waited， knowing the driver in f
23、ront of them was in some way weakSometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way But those are few and far between More often， it would be better if we dont， pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared7.Why did the
24、 author put on the car flashlights？ _A.He signaled to other drivers for helpB.He wanted to challenge other driversC.He wanted to have a better view of the roadD.He was suggesting that he had a problem8.What is the best title of the passage？ _A.Weakness sometimes brings out kindnessB.Always be ready
25、to help othersC.We kness reduces our braveryD.Never show your weaknessTheres more fresh water hidden below Earths surface in underground aquifers （含水层） than any other source besides the ice sheets That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide， keeping them running even wh
26、en droughts bring their waters lowBut in recent decades humans have pumped trillions of gallons out of those underground reservoirs In a new research， water experts and scientists are taking a global look at where groundwater is already beingextractedat such a rate that it has caused water levels to
27、 drop so much in rivers and streams that they will slip into the ecological danger zoneMuch of that water is being removed much faster than it can be refilled That has enormous potential consequences for people and crops in areas that dont get enough rain But far before those impacts emerge， the eff
28、ects will fiercely hit rivers， streams， and the habitats around them Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point， says Inge de Graaf， the lead author of the research We can really consider this ecological e
29、ffect like a ticking time bomb， she says If we pump the groundwater now， we dont see the impacts until like 10 years further or even longerBut the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated As a baseline， they used the global water demand in 2010 and spun their climate model forward to pr
30、edict how stresses on groundwater systems might develop But as populations swell and the demand for food rises， those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change， speeding along the extraction from underground water sourcesThe effects of over-pumping groundwater take years， if not
31、 decades， to become visibleChanges in rain have immediate， obvious effects on river flow When it pours， rivers often rage But groundwater is hidden and changes dont always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to wait for the perfect moment That makes aquifer management i
32、ssues extra challenging In the meantime， rivers and streams are the signal that says were using water in an unsustainable fashion， we need to take a hard look at what were doing9.The underlined word extracted in the second paragraph can be replaced by _ A.pumpedB.distractedC.contractedD.filled10.Whi
33、ch of the following statements is true according to the passage？ _A.The water removed from the ground can be fully refilledB.The effects of over-pumping groundwater are not immediateC.The groundwater only takes effects during droughtsD.Fresh water hidden below Earths surface is more than any other s
34、ource二、单选题(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)11.Exercise is a good way to relieve_after a hard day（）A.tensionB.abortionC.submissionD.adoption12.There is something I need to talk to you-its a_matter（）A.deliberateB.delicateC.desperateD.definite13.I looked at the map to_my memory of the route（）A.refreshB.relaxC.relieveD
35、.register14.We didnt travel much during the holiday，_because of the tight budget，but also because of the huge crowds（）A.inturnB.inpartC.invainD.ineffect15.I have never_the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life（）A.contributedtoB.subscribedtoC.addedtoD.appliedto16.I am shocked by wha
36、t you have done How_you be so stupid？（）A.needB.shouldC.canD.must17.-Chinese womens volleyball team proves that with hardships _great success-Absolutely! Opportunities favor the prepared mind（）A.comesB.iscomingC.willcomeD.arecoming18.We both used to work at the airport-thats_we met（）A.whereB.whenC.wh
37、yD.how19.-Where is your new home now？-In the new developed zoneBut Idowntown for five years（）A.havelivedB.hadlivedC.livedD.wasliving20.Unluckily， when I dropped in， Dr Smith _， so we only had time for a few words（）A.justleftB.wasjustleavingC.hasjustleftD.hadjustleft21.Newenergyvehiclesharingprojects
38、_indozensofcitiesacrossthecountrytofuelChinassharingeconomyinthenextfewyears（）A.aretocarryoutB.arebeingcarriedoutC.werecarriedoutD.willhavebeencarriedout22.When enough years_to enable us to look back， we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident（）A.wentbyB.weretogobyC.hadgonebyD.goesby2
39、3.-What impresses you most about her garden， the flowers， the bushes or whatever？-_the garden is laid out（）A.WhereB.HowC.BecauseD.When24.Our neighbor is always doing what he can to help those in need He is really _（）A.aScroogeB.agoodSamaritanC.asacredcowD.aJudas25.There wont be anywhere to parkOh，_L
40、ets try the subway（）A.thats a real bargainB.thats a good pointC.thats really somethingD.thats all settled三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分)This is the story of two lovers， who finally got married Both of them were romantic at first，26on the walk of life， problems， quarrels， profession came into their lifeOne d
41、ay， she finally decided I want to break27 Why？ he asked I am28 she answeredHe kept29the whole night， seemingly in deep thought， finally he asked， What can I do to30your mind？Looking into his eyes she said， Answer my question If you can31my heart， I will change my mind Lets say， I want a flower32on t
42、he face of a mountain cliff （悬崖）， we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your33 will you do it for me？He said， I will give you my34tomorrowShe woke up the next morning， found him35， and saw a piece of paper on her bed， which goes My dear， I would not pick that flower for you， the36are W
43、hen you use the computer you always37the software， and you cry in front of the screen I have to save my fingers so that I can help to38the programs You always leave the house keys behind， thus I have to save my39to rush home to open the door for you You love traveling but always lose your way in a （
44、n）40city I have to save my eyes to show you the way You always41at the computer， and42will do nothing good for your eyes I have to save my eyes so that when we grow old， I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those43white hairsThus， my dear，44I am sure that there is someone who loves you m
45、ote than I do I could not pick that flower yet， and die Thats life， and love flowers， and romantic moments are only used and appear on the45of the relationship Under all this， the pillar of true love stands26.A.andB.butC.orD.so27.A.offB.outC.inD.up28.A.lonelyB.shamedC.worriedD.tired29.A.calmB.sadC.s
46、ilentD.cautious30.A.speakB.blowC.changeD.keep31.A.representB.expandC.convinceD.admit32.A.fallingB.growingC.interestD.waiting33.A.attentionB.deathC.interestD.sadness34.A.answerB.agreementC.letterD.notice35.A.missingB.goneC.deadD.hidden36.A.reasonsB.meaningsC.messagesD.aims37.A.turn upB.put upC.mess u
47、pD.use up38.A.restoreB.recallC.remindD.reply39.A.dollarsB.patienceC.energyD.legs40.A.ancientB.strangeC.undergroundD.modern41.A.stareB.jumpC.shoutD.knock42.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where43.A.lovelyB.niceC.annoyingD.dusty44.A.unlessB.ifC.whenD.after45.A.principleB.wayC.surfaceD.nature四、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分
48、)46.Passage 1Nature is shrinking by the day in the name of progress The loss of biodiversity could be a disaster Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants， animals and other living things which are all inter-connected The problem is that the concept of biodiversity is so vague People might care a
49、bout brown bears， but it is much harder to excite them about the fate of microscopic sea creatures which are being boiled to death in the cooling systems of power stations along coastlinesPassage 2The Guardian newspaper has launched the Biodiversity 100 campaign to try to convince governments around
50、 the world to take action This includes persuading the UK government to create a series of marine reserves to reverse the decline in sea-life caused by industrial fishing， banning the fishing of live sharks at sea by some Asian countries， and stopping the slaughter of dingoes in Australia， among man
51、y other things写作内容：1、用 30 单词左右写出上文概要；2、用约 120 单词阐述你对这个话题的看法，内容包括：（1）你如何看待保护动物多样性的意义？（2）作为中学生，你如何为保护动物多样性做出贡献？ 写作要求：1、写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3、不必写标题英语试卷答案一、阅读理解(本大题共10小题，共20.0分)【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题1】A【小题2】B二、单选题(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)11【答案】A 12【答案】B 13【答案】A 14
52、【答案】B 15【答案】B 16【答案】C17【答案】A 18【答案】D 19【答案】C20【答案】B 21【答案】B 22【答案】C23【答案】B 24【答案】B 25【答案】B三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分)【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】D【小题4】C【小题5】C【小题6】C【小题7】B【小题8】B【小题9】A【小题10】B【小题11】A【小题12】C【小题13】A【小题14】D【小题15】B【小题16】A【小题17】B【小题18】C【小题19】A【小题20】C四、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)46【答案】Biodiversity is sufferin
53、g devastating damage nowadays， and not every species gets due public awareness Luckily， campaigns like the Biodiversity 100 are appealing to governments to advocate better living conditions for endangered species（生物的多样性遭到重大破坏，现在有人们在积极行动改善濒危物种的生存条件）Since the organisms of the ecosystems are inter-conn
54、ected， if species or populations of a species disappear， it can have harmful effects on the rest of the ecosystem（高分句型一）Declining biodiversity is therefore a concern for many reasons For example， greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability for all life forms and provides a number of nat
55、ural services for everyone； healthy ecosystems can better withstand and recover from a variety of disasters（对保护动物多样性的意义的看法）So it makes sense for everyone to make efforts to maintain biodiversity As for students， we can help by learning more about the significance of preserving biodiversity and promoting the ideas of sustainable developments and consumption If everyone can start by not buying or using products that harm biodiversity， we can surely make a difference（高分句型二）（作为中学生，应该为保护动物多样性做出贡献）