1、必修5Unit 1 Great scientists.立体记单词 快速识记1._(vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.)失败2._(vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加3._(vt.)暴露，揭露，使曝光4._(n.)治愈，痊愈 (vt.)治愈，治疗5._(n.)挑战 (vt.)向挑战defeatattendexposecurechallenge6._(vt.)吸收；吸引；使专心7._(vt.)认为，怀疑 (n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8._(n.)柄，把手 (vt.)处理，操纵9._(adj.)小心的；谨慎的 _(n.)小心；警告10._(vt.)污染；弄脏_(n.)污染11._(vt.)命令；指示；教导_
2、(n.)说明；传授_(pl.)absorbsuspecthandlecautiouscautionpollutepollutioninstructinstructioninstructions12._(vt.&vi.)结束；推断出_(n.)结论；结束13._(vt.&vi.)捐献；撰稿_(n.)贡献14._(vt.)拒绝；不接受；抛弃_(n.)拒绝；抛弃concludeconclusioncontributecontributionrejectrejection【语境应用】用所给词的适当形式填空Thousands of people _ the funeral.(attend)Your bra
3、in has _ all sorts of information and experiences.(absorb)The _ teacher gave Tom a _ and told him never to do it again.(cautious)The doctor _ the patient to take medicine by the _.(instruct)The headmaster _ to a newspaper to praise the ladys generous _ to the school.(contribute)attendedabsorbedcauti
4、ouscautioninstructedinstructionscontributedcontribution(s).多维练短语 查缺补漏*1._ 提出*2._ 使显露；暴露*3._ 讲得通；有意义4._ 应受谴责，应负责任*5._ 通向，导致*6._ 调查put forwardexpose.tomake sensebe to blamelead tolook into7._ 治愈某人的疾病8.draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion _9.link.to._*10.apart from _*11.(be)strict with._12.contrib
5、ute to _cure sb.of illness得出结论将和联系或连接起来除之外；此外对严格的有助于；促成；向撰稿【语境应用】选用上面带星号的短语填空The street _ the supermarket.She is kind,but she _ my study.The Trade Union Congress _ a plan for national recovery.No one _ her husband knew about her job.Well _ the matter first before coming to a decision.leads tois stri
6、ct withput forwardapart fromlook into.超级仿句式 模仿经典1.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(过去分词短语作后置定语)【仿写】等我看到报纸上刊登的工作时已经太晚了。By the time _,it was already too late.I saw the job advertised in the newspaper2.So many thousands of terrified people died ev
7、ery time there was an outbreak.(every time作连词引导时间状语从句)【仿写】每当我处于困境，他都会来帮助我。_,he would come to help me out.Every time I was in trouble3.A woman,who had moved away from Broad Street,liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(have sth.done)【仿写】别担心，他将会尽力按时完成工作
8、的。There is no need to worry.He will try to _.have his work finished ontime4.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.(动词不定式作目的状语)【仿写】为了接受教育，他努力克服很多困难。_,he was struggling against many difficulties.To get an education5.Only if you p
9、ut the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(only if置于句首用部分倒装)【仿写】只有我觉得皮肤又紧又干的时候才会用润肤霜。_ will I use cream.Only if my skin feels tight and dry.功能填语篇 开放填空 John Snow was a famous doctor in London,who was so expert that he 1._(attend)Queen Victoria as her personal physi
10、cian.But he was famous for 2._(defeat)“King Cholera”.Cholera was a 3._(dead)disease and neither its cause 4._ its cure was understood.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem.He suspected that people 5._(absorb)this disease into their bodies with their meals.So 6._ another severe
11、 outbreak hit London,he began his enquiry.He found that many attendeddefeatingnorabsorbedwhendeadlyvictims 7._(link)to the outbreak were near the water pump,so he had the handle removed.Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He drew the 8._(conclude)that the polluted water was 9._(blame).The water
12、companies were instructed not to expose people 10._ polluted water any more.Finally“King Cholera”was defeated.linkedconclusionto blameto.必考重点单词1.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加【思维激活试一试】His Dad couldnt afford the board at college,so Dale had to ride horse back 12 miles to _ _.他父亲支付不起在大学住宿的费用，所以戴尔不得不每天骑马12英里去上学
13、。attend classes【知识构建记一记】attend(on/upon)sb.照顾某人attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听讲座/上学attend to 处理；致力于She was praised for having attended on/upon her sick mother-in-law for over thirty years.她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to.今晚我不能与你一
14、起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。【拓展延伸】“参加”之辨attend表示出席或参加会议、仪式、典礼;也可表示上课、上学、听报告等join表示加入某一组织,并成为其中的一员,如加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部等。其宾语也可以是人join in表示参加正在进行的小型活动,也可用于join sb.in(doing)sth.表示加入某人一起做某事take part in 表示参加活动,侧重说明主语参加并在其中发挥一定的作用,part前若有修饰语,前面要用不定冠词The girl joining the Youth League last year attended a lecture yesterday.
15、After it,she joined in a group discussion,in which the lecturer advised her to take part in meaningful out-of-class activities.这个去年加入青年团的女孩昨天听了讲座。之后她参加了小组讨论，在小组讨论中演讲者建议她参加有意义的课外活动。2.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光【思维激活试一试】The other day,the girl _ the flower _ the sunlight and _ the film by mistake.几天前，女孩将花置于阳光下
16、，误将底片曝了光。exposedtoexposed【知识构建记一记】expose sb./sth.to.使某人/物接触/暴露于be exposed to 暴露于；接触Dont expose your skin to sunlight directly,or you will get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。He exposed the plan to several newspapers.他向几家报社透露了这个计划。(2014新课标全国卷)Because I am Chinese,my husband and I wanted the children
17、 to keep exposed to the language and culture.因为我是中国人，所以我和我丈夫都希望孩子多接触中国的语言和文化。3.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心【思维激活试一试】_ _ writing a letter,he didnt even look up when I came in.他在聚精会神地写信，当我进来时他甚至都没有抬头。Absorbed in【知识构建记一记】absorb sb.in/sb.be absorbed in 某人全神贯注于absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意I keep the lesson simple
18、 because small kids cant absorb that much.我把课讲得很简单，因为小孩子理解不了那么多。Little Jim pretends to be absorbed in listening.小吉姆假装在专心听讲。The film Spider Man totally absorbed the childrens attention.电影蜘蛛侠完全吸引了孩子们的注意力。【拓展延伸】全神贯注的几种表达方式:be absorbed in/be buried in/put ones heart to/concentrate on等4.blame vt.责备；谴责 n.
19、过失，责备【思维激活试一试】Many children are afraid of _ _ _ failing the exam.许多孩子害怕因考试不及格而受责备。being blamed for【知识构建记一记】(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事怪到某人头上be to blame 该受责备(2)take/accept/bear the blame for 对负责put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人Dont always blame your own failure on others.不要总把你自己
20、的失败归咎于别人。What a mess!You are always so lazy!Im not to blame,mum.I am what you have made me.这么乱啊!你总是这么懒!妈妈,不怪我。我这么懒也是你惯出来的。(2014浙江高考)Joe is proud and stubborn,never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.乔既骄傲又固执，从不承认自己的错误，并且总是找替罪羊。5.contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助【思维激活试一试】He to
21、ok pride in having _ _ the world.他以为世界做贡献而自豪。contributed to【知识构建记一记】(1)contribute.to.把贡献给；投稿contribute to 有助于；导致；为撰稿(2)contribution n.贡献；捐助make a contribution to 对作贡献People actively contributed money to the poor and kind mother.人们踊跃给那位可怜而善良的母亲捐款。(2014福建高考)Sports contribute mainly to your physical fi
22、tness.体育运动主要是有助于你的身体健康。He made a contribution to the success of the project.他对此项目的成功作出了贡献。【要点拾遗】cure n.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗【思维激活试一试】Now doctors believe they have _ _ _ the disease.现在医生们确信已经治好了他的病。cured him of【知识构建记一记】(1)a cure for.针对的治疗(法)(2)cure sb./a disease 治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)某种疾病cure sb.of.治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等The
23、re is still no cure for a cold.尚没有治疗感冒的特效药。【明晰异同辨一辨】cure意为“治愈”,常指治疗疾病、痛苦或改正恶习、弊害等,侧重结果;可构成cure sb.of sth.结构treat意为“治疗”,强调治疗的过程;常用treat sb.for sth.结构heal意为“(使)愈合,治愈”,指治愈伤口尤其是灼伤,使愈合或恢复正常【即学即练】.根据汉语提示写单词1.They didnt draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of _(科学的)experiments.2.Have they _(宣布)when th
24、e race will begin?3.He smiled suddenly,_(露出)a set of amazingly white teeth.4.Be _(谨慎)as the road is frozen.5.Representatives from across the horse industry will _(出席)the meeting.scientificannouncedexposingcautiousattend6.If their forces were not involved,then who is to _(责备)?7.I believe that each of
25、 us can _(贡献)to the future of the world.8.She seemed totally _(使全神贯注)in her book.blamecontributeabsorbed.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The writer was so _ in her work that she didnt notice Jim enter the room.(absorb)2.After eight years of fighting,the Chinese people finally _ the Japanese enemies.(defeat)3.Mr.Green
26、 _ to his friends his engagement to Miss.White.(announce)4.Many retired people can still make a _ to the society with their rich experience.(contribute)absorbeddefeatedannouncedcontribution5.They drew different _ from the facts.(conclude)6.Environmentalists say a critical factor in the citys _ is it
27、s population.(pollute)7.You should exercise extreme _ when driving on foggy roads.(cautious)8.Listen carefully to the _ and put them down.(instruct)9.Many people in that country were employed in the _ or fishing industries.(construct)10.Recently,the Chinese government has launched an anti-corruption
28、 _.(move)conclusionspollutioncautioninstructionsconstructionmovement.完成句子1.The passenger,sitting in his chair and completely _,looked as if nobody were around.坐在他的椅子上，专注于一本杂志的那位乘客看起来旁若无人似的。2.She is working hard all day long,which will surely _ in the College Entrance Examination next June.她一整天都在努力学习
29、，这显然有助于她明年六月份的高考成功。absorbed in amagazinecontribute toher success3.Jeremy rather than his friends _ the accident.Absolutely.He shouldnt have driven after being drunk.是杰里米而不是他的朋友们应对这次事故负责。绝对地。他本不该酒后驾车。4.While people enjoy great convenience modern life brings,the living conditions in the mountain villa
30、ge _.当人们享受现代生活提供的很大的方便时,山村的生活条件仍然相当原始。is to blame forare still quite primitive5.There are more than 740 million Chinese _ in public places now.目前，在公共场所有7.4亿多中国人被动地接触二手烟。exposed to second-handsmoking.热考短语句式1.put forward 提出；提前；拨快(钟表)；推荐【思维激活试一试】写出下面句中put forward的含义Put your watch forward,its five minut
31、es slow.()I think he is fit for the position,therefore,Ill put him forward as a candidate.()They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.()Over the years several similar theories have been put forward.()拨快推荐提前提出【知识构建记一记】put aside 忽视，不理睬；存出，留出put away 收起来放好put down 记下；放下；镇压put off 推迟；延
32、期put out 扑灭；生产put up 举起；张贴put through 接通电话；完成；使经受2.make sense 讲得通；有意义【思维激活试一试】This sentence just _ _ _,no matter how you read it.无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。doesnt make sense【知识构建记一记】make sense of 理解，明白make no sense 没道理，没意义in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不common sense 常识There is no sense in doing.做是没有道理的
33、Can you make sense of what this American is saying?你听得懂这个美国人在说些什么吗？Planning so far ahead makes no senseso many things will have changed by next year.提前这么久做计划没有意义到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。Theres no sense in worrying about the future.为将来的事情担忧是毫无意义的。(2014北京高考)Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be
34、 true,probably it is.利用你的常识。如果一个报告看起来太好而显得不真实，很可能就是不真实。3.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。【思维激活试一试】仿写句子_,he receives a warm welcome from his Chinese fans.每一次科比(Kobe)来访中国，都会受到中国球迷的热烈欢迎。Every time Kobe visits China【知识构建记一记】every time名 词 短
35、 语 作 连 词，引 导 时 间 状 语 从 句，相 当 于whenever，意为“每当”。类似用法的还有:each time,any time,the first time,next time,the moment,the minute,the second等。The first time I heard the plan he put forward,I felt very excited.我第一次听到他提出的计划时，感到很兴奋。Next time you come to Beijing,be sure to let me know in advance.下次你来北京，务必提前告诉我。4.
36、Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得通。【思维激活试一试】仿写句子Only if people trust each other _.人们只有相互信任才能很好地合作和工作。can they cooperate and work well【知识构建记一记】only+状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。但only+主语位于句首时不用倒装。(2014湖南高考)Only whe
37、n you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。(2014江西高考)Only with progress and the invention of new technology can many old products be brought back to their old state.只有跟随新科技的发明和进步，许多老产品才会被带回到以前的状态。【拓展延伸】部分倒装在写作中的几种常用句型(1)no sooner.than
38、./hardly.when.*No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。(2)“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时的倒装*So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。(3)由not only.but also引导的倒装当not only.but also位于句首引导句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式。*Not only did he speak more correctly,but
39、 also he spoke more easily.他不仅讲得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。【要点拾遗】apart from 除之外；此外【思维激活试一试】翻译下列句子，体会apart from的含义。Apart from water there is sugar in apples._Apart from you，I had no one to talk to._Apart from a few faults，he is a respectable teacher._苹果里除了含水之外还含糖。除你之外，我没人可以交谈。他是一个受人尊敬的老师，尽管有点小毛病。【知识构建记一记】apart fr
40、om具有下列三层含义:(1)相当于 besides。指“除外(还有)”,强调“另外还有”。(2)相当于 except。指“除了之外”，表示从整体中除去。(3)相当于 except for。指“除外”，是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足。【即学即练】.根据汉语意思写出短语1.The theory that he _(提出)sounds good in theory but _(没有意义)in practice.2.Not I but Mary _(该受责备)for the accident.3._(除了)her eyes，she is quite good-looking.4.We
41、d better discuss together before _(得出结论).5.Their inventions have _(有助于)the development of electrical engineering.put forwarddoesnt make sensewas to blameApart fromdrawing a conclusioncontributed to6.Your complaint is _(正在被调查).When we have anything to report,we will write to you again.7.This policy h
42、as _(导致)a dramatic increase in our prison populations.8.The fresh air on the farm _(治好了他的头疼).9.Only if you are modest _(你才能取得进步).10._(每次他们去跳舞)they ended up in a bad mood.being looked intoled tocured him of his headachecan you make progressEvery time they went dancing.选词填空come to an end,put forward,l
43、ead to,be responsible for,link.to.,apart from,expose.to.,draw a conclusion1.She _ a new plan at the meeting yesterday.2.Dont _ yourself _ the too strong sunlight for a long time.It will _being sunburnt.3.It has been announced that _ John，two other guys are also suspected to be _ the theft.put forwar
44、dexposetoapart fromlinked tolead to4.After the investigation,the police _ that it was the polluted river that should _ the outbreak of the disease.5.At last I applied for a job as a secretary，and was accepted.So far my job hunting has _.drew a conclusionbe responsible forcome to an end.完成句子1.Madam C
45、urie _ herself _(致力于)scientific research.2.Their father _ very _ _(对严格)their manners.3.Something must be done to _ such things _(阻止)happening again.4.The invention of paper was a great _(对的贡献)human civilization.5.They consider it almost a crime to _ children _ violence and sex on TV.devotedtoisstric
46、t withpreventfromcontribution toexposeto6._ _(除了以外)these reasons,he said nothing.7.His careless driving _ _(导致)the serious traffic accident.8.Lily _ _(提出)a question at the meeting.9.Do not _ him _(责备)being late.10.He often _ food and clothes _(捐献)the community.Apart fromled toput forwardblamefordona
47、testo根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。1.居里夫人出生于波兰华沙(Warsaw)，年轻时来到巴黎上大学，在这里遇到她的丈夫皮埃尔居里(Pierre Curie)。(attend college,where)2.他们共同全神贯注于放射性物质的研究，最终发现了镭(radium)和钋(polonium)两种放射性元素。1903年，他们获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。(be absorbed in,lead to)3.她丈夫去世后，她继续研究，1911年再度获得诺贝尔化学奖，对科学的发展作出巨大贡献，但她对金钱和荣誉却毫不在意。(make contributions to,make n
48、o sense)【参考范文】Born in Warsaw Poland，Marie Curie went to attend college in Paris as a young lady，where she met her husband Pierre Curie.They were together absorbed in the research into radioactive matter，which led to the discovery of radium and polonium.In 1903，they were given the Nobel Prize for Physics.After her husbands death,she went on working and won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911.Marie Curie made great contributions to the development of science,but money and reputation made no sense to her.