1、贵州习水县2017高考英语（九月）一轮完形填空优编（三）及答案【由上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷改编】完形填空 Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“What are you going to be when you grow up?” is a question that you m
2、ay have been asked. You may not even know there are a variety of geography-related jobs. The Association of American Geographers lists nearly 150 different geography jobs. So, if you are interested in people, places, and environments, consider a job in geography. Your work will not be limited to map
3、sit might range from 1 data to planning projects, or making decisions about the environment.Processing Geographic Data A geographers main activity is analyzing geographic information to answer geographic questions. Jobs processing geographic data begin, of course, with collecting the information. On
4、e on-the-ground job in data collection is that of a surveyor. Surveyors 2 and measure the land directly. They may mark boundaries, study the shape of the land, or even help find sewer(下水道) and water systems beneath the Earth. High-tech information-gathering jobs include working with Geographic Infor
5、mation Systems (GIS) data. Some examples of these jobs include remote sensing specialists and GIS analysts. Data analysis jobs require the ability to think 3 , high-level computer skills, and a college education.Once data have been processed, a geographer may study the information to use in planning
6、 projects such as a new urban area, a(n) 4 evacuation(撤退) plan, or the placement of a new highway. Planners can also help determine how to make a neighborhood a better place to live. These jobs, too, require good critical thinking, writing, and computer skills, as well as a college education. Planne
7、rs are 5 to the success of a community.Advising Businesses and Government About half of jobs using geography are in business and government. All kinds of businesses use geographic information to help build and 6 their operations. A location analyst studies an area to find the best location for a cli
8、ent. The client might be a large retail store chain that wants to know which location would be best for opening a new store. The location analyst can study GIS reports on such elements as transportation networks or population in an area and give the business owners the positive and 7 points about a
9、location being considered.In 1967, the Mexican government was looking for a location to create a new international tourist resort. They used location analysts to find an area that had good beaches and was easy to reach from the United States. The 8 was Cancn, today one of the worlds most desirable v
10、acation sites. Businesses connected with natural 9 such as forests also rely on geographers. Geographers help them understand the relationship between their business and the environment where their business is located. In 1967, Cancn was a small island on Mexicos Caribbean coast. It had white sand b
11、eaches, many birds and mangrove(红树) trees, but few people. After it was selected as a resort site, it was quickly 10 . Today, Cancn has more than 100 hotels and 500,000 permanent residents. Many work in the tourist industry that serves the millions of visitors who come each year from all over the wo
12、rld. Physical and Human GeographyPhysical geographers are sometimes called earth scientists. Some study such topics as geomorphology (地形学), that is, the study of how the shape of the Earth 11 . Others study weather and climate. Still others study water, the oceans, soils, or ecology. Jobs in these f
13、ields require 12 scientific training.Some geographers study economic, political, and 13 issues as they relate to place or region. Human geographers are usually hired by government agencies to analyze a specific problem. These geographers work 14 with political scientists, economists, and sociologist
14、s. Together, they provide possible solutions to problems from many different aspects of life in an area. And, of course, geographers teach the subject at all levels of 15 , from elementary schools to universities. But no matter what geography jobs people might hold, they are always trying to answer
15、the basic geographic questions: “Where are things located?” and “Why are they there?” 1.A. performing B. analyzingC. appreciatingD. downloading2.A. map B. mineC. shape D. honour3.A. creativelyB. critically C. wildlyD. moderately 4.A. disasterB. radioactivityC. excursionD. vacation5.A. qualifiedB. de
16、terminedC. valuableD. feasible 6.A. surviveB. expandC. manageD. boom 7.A. negative B. effectiveC. depressiveD. profitable 8.A. sceneryB. destinationC. resultD. foundation 9.A. potentialsB. histories C. resourcesD. sciences 10.A. specializedB. pollutedC. governedD. transformed 11.A. proceedsB. stretc
17、hes C. extendsD. changes 12.A. peculiarB. specialC. reasonableD. enthusiastic 13.A. psychologicalB. contemporaryC. religiousD. social 14.A. closely B. peacefullyC. loyally D. sensitively 15.A. demonstrationB. revolutionC. examinationD. education 【参考答案】Section A1-5 BABAC 6-10 BACCD 11-15 DBDAD 完形填空。阅
18、读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before 1 this question, it will be useful to introduce some 2 concepts. Conflict, 3 as opposition among social units-or individuals-directed against one anot
19、her, is4 from competition, which 5 opposition among social units 6 seeking to obtain something which is 7 inadequate supply. Competitors may not know about one another, which those who 8 in a conflict do. Conflict and competition are both 9 of opposition. The meaning of opposition has been stated as
20、 a process by which social unit function in the disservice of one another, opposition is 10 contrasted to cooperation, a 11 by which social units function in the service of one another. These 12 are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inev
21、itable in a world of limited 13 , but conflict Isns. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur and is probably an essential and desirable 14 of human societies. Many authors have 15 their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea that in the struggle for existence among groups of animal
22、s, only those which are best 16 remain alive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Those who fail in this competition 17 starve to death or are 18 by other types of animals. This struggle for 19 is not similar to human war, but is like the competition of 20 for
23、jobs, markets, and materials. The most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.( ) 1. A. considering B. solving C. answering D. saying( ) 2. A. related B. used C. translated D. sacred( ) 3. A. specified B. remarked C. defin
24、ed D. claimed( ) 4. A. variable B. distinguished C. various D. isolated( ) 5. A. acknowledged B. denies C. assumes D. means( ) 6. A. critically B. approximately C. independently D. costly( ) 7. A. on B. for C. with D. in( ) 8. A. enter B. participate C. fall D. involve( ) 9. A. formations B. classes
25、 C. terms D. reactions( ) 10. A. nevertheless B. however C. thus D. maybe( ) 11. A. procession B. standard C. process D. measurement( ) 12. A. accounts B. definitions C. descriptions D. explanations( ) 13. A. resources B. origins C. sources D. materials( ) 14. A. matter B. element C. event D. coinci
26、dence( ) 15. A. concentrated B. fixed C. centered D. based( ) 16. A. encouraged B. accepted C. adapted D. adopted( ) 17. A. not only B. either C. neither D. both( ) 18. A. killed B. raised C. fired D. surrounded( ) 19. A. resistence B. privilege C. favour D. employment( ) 20. A. workers B. officials
27、 C. individuals D. residents1.A 考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.A “相关的概念”，应用related。3.C define, “解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as; specify,“指定”，“指明”。The regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination。规则指明考虐时可用字典。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。Does anyone claim this umbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？ 冲突，指的是社会单位，
28、团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.B distinguish from区别，不同；variable与vaious(多样的)后面一般不接from; isolated“与隔离开来”。5.D 对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.C critically批判地；approximately大致地；independently 独立地；不受控制地；costly形容词，昂贵的。根据文中含义，“竞争对手各自寻求物质，所以才会有冲突”。所以此外选C为宜。7.D in short(inadequate) supply“缺乏的”为固定搭
29、配，一般不用其它介词。8.B enter in登记姓名，细节等。例：enter in an item in an accountbook将一笔账记入账本；fall in陷入，例fall in love with sb. involve in“卷入”，一般为卷入某个事件；participate in参与。 竞争者们可能彼此不了解，而冲突者们则熟识对方。9.B formation,构成;terms,术语;reactions,反映;classes在此处指“种类，类别”。冲突和竞争都属于对抗。10.C 选这类连接副词时，关键是弄清句与句之间意义关系。上句讲到对抗就是彼此不服务。这句讲到合作就是彼此服务
30、。他们之间连接词自然就是“因此”了，因此他们相反。对抗与合作相反。合作指的是社会单位互相服务。11.C procession队伍，行列；standard标准；process过程；measurement衡量。上句中谈到对抗是彼此不服务时，用的是“a process by which social.”,此处与上句这部分结构完全相同，就可套用process一词。12.B accounts叙述；definitions，定义，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解释。文章第二句话是第一自然段主题句：介绍几个概念，然后作者分别介绍。本题中用these definitions“这
31、些概念”则与上文浑然一体。对这些定义的理解非常必要，因为有必要强调，个人或团体之间的竞争在这个资源有限的世界是难免的，而冲突则是可免的。13.A resource资源，指国家、人类或个人所拥有的人力及物力，例：We must exploit the natural resources of our country. 我们必须开发本国的天然资源。source指河的源头：the source of Nile尼罗河的发源地。source还指出处，来源，例：The news comes from a reliable source.这项消息出自可靠的来源。origin起源，the origin of
32、a quarrel 争吵的起因。此空前为a world of limited一个有限资源的世界，因此选A。14.B 冲突很可能发生，它可能是人类社会必不可少、值得得到的要素。15. D base.on. 把建立在上。16.C 只有那些适应（能力）强的才活下来。17.B 看到or就会想到either; not only.but also; neither.not.,both.and都是固定搭配。在竞争中失败的动物，要不就是饿死，要不就被别的动物杀死。18.A 由前句starve to death和or可知，此处应同death意义相近。19.A 为生存的抗争不同于人类战争。20.C 由后面的job
33、s, markets and materials可知，此处应填“个人”。 workers, officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。I have tried many ways to be 1 . I dont wear a sweater when I 2 , and two days ago I walked in the 3 without my shoes. But so far nothing 4 . Debbie once told me about a boy in her c
34、lass who liked 5 school. He would rub(摩擦) the end of the thermometer (温度计) until it went 6 to 39. Then hed put it in his mouth and his mother would think he was 7 ill.This morning I tried doing that but it 8 went above 35 and I rubbed it for ten 9 . So I held the thermometer 10 the light on my desk
35、and it went up to 40. I thought Id put it in my mouth and walk downstairs like that. 11 my mother would take it out and she would be 12 when she saw that I was rather ill.The only trouble was I didnt know the thermometer would be so 13 , As soon as I put it into my mouth I burnt my tongue(舌头)! I spi
36、t (吐) the thermometer out. It fell 14 the floor but it 15 .名师点评这是一篇小幽默。一个男孩为了装病，用尽了各种办法想告诉妈妈自己的体温很高，结果差点儿烫伤了自己。(C)1. A . well B. fine C. ill D. bad 【解析】C。根据下文得知，这个小孩就是想让自己生病。(B)2. A . could B. should C. must D. might【解析】B。这里应选择情态动词should, 表示在该穿毛衣的时候他不穿, 其实他就是想让自己冻出病来。(B)3. A . water B. rain C. sun D
37、. wind【解析】B。跟上两题同解。(D)4. A . happens B. happened C. will happen D. has happened【解析】D。so far常与动词的现在完成时连用，表示“到目前为止”。(A)5. A . being away from B. leaving C. staying atD. being out of【解析】A。leave school表示“辍学、毕业离校”的动作，be away from school则表示“不上学、逃学”的状态。(C)6. A . on B. down C. up D. off【解析】C。up表示“温度上升”。(A)7
38、. A . reallyB. real C. bad D. badly【解析】A。妈妈会认为他真的病了，故选副词really。(C)8. A . cant B. not C. neverD. didnt【解析】C。其他选项在语法上均错。(C)9. A . seconds B. hours C. minutes D. moments【解析】C。根据文意。(D)10. A . near B. near to C. next D. next to【解析】D。next to表示“临近、非常接近”。(B)11. A . WhenB. Then C. So D. If【解析】B。Then是副词，表时间上的
39、“顺承”。 其他三选项均引导从句, 故不选。(A)12. A . worried B. surprised C. happy D. frightened【解析】A。妈妈得知孩子生病, 首先感到担心。(B)13. A . cold B. hot C. warm D. cool【解析】B。这里表示“烫”, 所以不能选warm。(D)14. A . off B. down C. to D. on【解析】D。fall on为“掉到上”, fall off 是指“从某处摔下”, fall down是“落下”。(C)15. A . didnt breakB. didnt brokeC. wasnt broken D. was broken【解析】C。break为及物动词, 与主语构成动宾关系，所以用被动语态形式was broken。
