1、课时提能练(四十六)选修8Module 4Which English?A：知识层面.语境语法填空()用所给词的适当形式填空My classmate Luo Jie, 1.classified (classify) as a born leader, 2.was_selected (selected) monitor of our class at the start of this semester.Then he spent about an hour 3.clarifying (clarify) his point of view on how to manage our class.He
2、 said none of us was supposed 4.to_betray (betray) our class, adding that he strongly 5.opposed (oppose) breaking the school regulations.He would assist the teachers in 6.overcoming (overcome) whatever difficulties the class might meet.He thought it didnt matter what he himself would lose, 7.conveyi
3、ng (convey) the message that never would he withdraw from any setback.()填入一个单词There are amusement parks and theme parks, but it is difficult to tell them 1.apart.Both provide outdoor entertainment and rides.2.In this sense, they are the same with hardly any difference.The only difference between the
4、m lies 3.in the fact that theme parks are built around specific themes.Yesterday, my wife and I agreed 4.on taking our child to an amusement park north of our city.The park admits 5.a huge number of people every day, the admission fee being 15 dollars per person.You have to be twelve for cheap ticke
5、ts6.or rather under twelve.When we entered the park, we got down 7.to exploring and experiencing adventures.The visit to the park didnt let us 8.down.We learned a lot by going through something thrilling.根据提示补全句子1上周我们举行了一次关于中学生是否应该上网的辩论。(debate)Last week, we had_a_debate_on/about/over whether middle
6、 school students should surf the Internet.2对于年轻的父母来说，决定生不生二孩非常艰难。(whether .or .)It is very difficult for young parents to decide whether_to_have_a_second_ child_or_not.3人们在这些地方定居下来，因为这些地方容易到达，而且天生适合沟通和贸易。(主语beadj.to do .)People settle in these places because they_are_easy_to_get_to and naturally sui
7、ted to communications and trade.4我们最好尽可能多地背句型。(as many/muchn.as)We had better learn by heart as_many_sentence_patterns_as_we_can.5到了政府该开始认真处理食品安全问题的时候了。(get down to)Its high time that the government got_down_to_dealing_with the problem of food safety.B：能力层面.阅读理解(2020湖北省调研考试)Many people believe that
8、there is one form of their language that is more correct than others.For example，they may believe that British English is more correct than other varieties；or that written English is more correct than spoken English；or that standard spoken forms are more correct than dialect forms.Often this belief
9、is supported by reference books on grammar，usage guides or dictionaries：If something goes against a rule in a grammar，or if the word isnt in the dictionary，it “must be wrong”Since the reference books are often based on observation of the standard written language，the_argument_is_really_circular：Thes
10、e books will naturally describe standard usage，because that is what they are for；but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described.A better way of looking at things is to say that usage is “correct in its place”Standard American English is correct in
11、America，British English is correct in Britain，spoken grammar is accepted in casual speeches，and formal written grammar is employed in formal writing.The only forms that are wrong in all contexts(语境) are learners errors.For example，“I have forgetting the your address.”or “One of your chairs are broke
12、n.”This means there is no answer to the question：“What kind of English should learners study？”It depends on their purposes.For many learners，the best model is British or American English.Neither of these is “better” than the other，and they are both used and understood worldwide.People are also worri
13、ed about language change.If younger people “break” the rules that older people have learned，or use language in new ways，older people often feel disturbed：They are concerned that younger people no longer know their grammar，and that the language is going downhill.This is a needless worry：Change is nat
14、ural and inevitable；it cannot be stopped，and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.A great deal of modern English grammar would have been wrong three hundred years ago，and will perhaps be wrong again three hundred years from now.【语篇解读】不同的语境决定了不同的语言使用方法，所以作者认为，没有
15、所谓“一定正确”和“一定错误”的语言。同时我们也不必担心语言的发展变化，它通常不会影响语言作为交流工具的效率。许多现代英语语法在三百年前是错的，也许三百年后又变成错的。1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?ALearners are always confused about the reference books.BUsages not mentioned in the reference books are not necessarily wrong.CNobody can challenge the authority of
16、 the reference books.DSome wrong usages can be found in the reference books.B词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described”可知，作者认为这些参考书自然会描述标准用法，但这并不意味着参考书中未提及的用法一定是错的。故选B项。2What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?AThere is no “standard
17、 English”BAmerican English is better than British English.CA learner should master all the distinctions of different English.DThere are differences between British English and American English.A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“A better way of looking at things is to say that usage is correct in its place. Standard Ame
18、rican English is correct in America, British English is correct in Britain .”可知，作者认为不存在所谓“标准英语”。学习者应该学什么样的英语？这个问题没有答案。所以本段主要说的是没有“标准英语”。故选A项。3The underlined word in Paragraph 3 can be most probably replaced with _.AunbelievableBuncountableCunacceptable DunavoidableD词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词后的“it cannot be sto
19、pped”可知，此处是说，语言变化是自然和不可避免的，它不能被阻止，也通常不会影响语言作为一种交流工具的效率。所以画线词应意为“不可避免的”，与unavoidable意义相近。故选D项。4What is the authors attitude toward the changes of English?ADisturbed. BCautious.COptimistic. DAggressive.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People are also worried about language change.”和“This is a needless worry: Change is
20、 natural and inevitable; it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.”可推知，作者对于英语的变化是持乐观态度的。故选C项。.阅读七选五Learning to Give a Pep Talk (打气)Everyone wants to be the type of person who gives the critical talk that turns around a friends outlook.Howe
21、ver，giving a good pep talk isnt easy. 1 .You need to not only listen and understand，but also stress the other persons strengths.You also need to know when to stop talking.“A lot of people think they are giving a pep talk，but they are just saying what they would want to hear，” says Stacy Kaiser，a psy
22、chotherapist (心理治疗师) in Los Angeles.Instead of instantly telling someone what to do，ask him what action he has thought about taking and why he thinks it will be beneficial.“Dont jump right in and insist Youll be fine， ” says Kaiser. 2 .Repeat the concerns for the person out loud，so he feels heard.Th
23、en，show your friend that you believe in him and that he has what it takes to get through this hard time.Stress his strengths. 3 .You cant guarantee success，but you can remind the person that he has been through a tough time before and has gotten through it.At last，Kaiser says you must know when to s
24、top.“ 4 .Dont argue if the person disagrees with what you are saying.Instead，tell him I am sorry you are having such a hard time. And then back down.”Kaiser says he has learned to give good pep talks by giving bad ones.He lost a number of loved ones during a short period.“Timing is everything.” Ther
25、e is a time to give a pep talk，and there is a time to just listen. 5 .ALet your friend have his momentBGive your pep talk and then shut upCArguing with your friend makes no senseDShow your friend that you understand why he is sadEHe isnt interested in what his best friends really needFIt requires an
26、 understanding of what your audience needsGIt is also important to remember that pep talks are about hope【语篇解读】本文主要论述了给别人打气的方法，包括关心令朋友伤心的事情、注意倾听、将时间交给朋友、选择合适时机停止说话等。1F根据下文可知，你不仅需要倾听和理解，还要强调别人的长处，知道在什么时候停止说话；据此可以推知，你需要理解你的听众需要什么。故F项正确。2D根据后一句“Repeat the concerns for the person out loud，so he feels he
27、ard”可知，你要大声说出对这个人的关心；据此可以推知，空处表示“要向朋友表现出你理解他为什么会伤心”，故D项正确。3G根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段主题句，根据空后的“You cant guarantee success，but you can remind the person that he has been through a tough time before and has gotten through it”可知，你可以提醒朋友他之前已经经历过一段艰难的时期，并且已经挺过来了。据此可以推知，该段主要陈述要鼓励朋友看到希望，故G项与此处匹配。4B由前一句可知，本段主要陈述选择时
28、机停止说话；结合下文可知，在鼓励朋友之后，选择恰当时机停止说话，而不是和朋友争论，故B项正确。5A根据上句中的“and there is a time to just listen”可知，在给朋友打气时要学会倾听，将时间交给朋友，故A项正确。.语法填空(2020沈阳市教学质量监测)Eating and drinking in subway cars has long been a controversial issue in China.While many have expressed annoyance 1._ the sight of someone eating food in sub
29、way cars，quite a few people support the right to chew 2._(noisy) on snacks during the trip to work or school.The debate recently arrived at 3._(it) final destination when the Ministry of Transport introduced a new regulation last week that bans passengers nationwide，with the exception of 4._(baby) a
30、nd people with certain medical conditions，from eating or drinking in subway cars.The policy 5._ (schedule) to take effect on April 1 along with some new rules that will forbid passengers from playing music or videos on speakers，or 6._ (lie) down on seats in subway cars.Zhang Han，7._18yearold girl，re
31、called that a female passenger was seen recently on the subway in Nanjing 8._(fine) for eating traditional street food.“At first，I felt sorry for the girl，” she said.“Most people were simply 9._ (aware) of such a food ban before.”Now that a national ban is in the pipeline (在准备中)，she said she support
32、ed the idea.“The subway car is a public space.No food should be allowed，10._or not it gives off a strong smell.”【语篇解读】本文介绍了一项针对地铁车厢里乘客吃喝问题的规定在全国各地将禁止除了婴儿和患病人群之外的乘客在车厢里吃喝，并讲述了一个18岁的女孩对此规定的看法。1at考查介词。此处表示对看到地铁车厢里有人吃东西表示厌烦，故用介词at。at the sight of表示“看到”，是固定用法。2noisily考查副词。此处应用副词noisily修饰动词chew。3its考查代词。此
33、处指关于这个问题的争论最近有了最终结果。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词destination。4babies考查名词的单复数。此处指在全国各地将禁止除了婴儿和患病人群之外的乘客在车厢里吃喝，根据语境可知，此处指的婴儿不止一个，故应用名词的复数形式。5is scheduled考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指这项规定预计在4月1号生效，为对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；又主语The policy与schedule之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，故填is scheduled。6lying考查非谓语动词。此处和该句中的playing并列，作介词from的宾语，应用动名词形式lying，指禁止乘客躺在座位上。7an考查冠词。此处泛指一个18岁的女孩，且18yearold以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。8to be fined考查固定用法。此处表示一位女乘客被看见罚款了，考查固定用法be seen to do sth.，又此处表示被罚款，故填to be fined。9unaware考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示大多数人之前确实不知道这个食物禁令，故填unaware“不知道”。10whether考查状语从句。句意：不应允许在地铁车厢里面吃东西，无论它是否散发出强烈的气味。故填whether。