1、课时天天练(十四)必修第三册Unit3DiverseCultures.阅读理解A2021郑州模拟Wouldyougotowarforyourcountry? Millionsofpeopledo.Butoccasionally, somerefusetofight.Theyreknownasconscientiousobjectors (拒服兵役者).OneofthemostfamousfromtheUSAisMuhammadAli.MuhammadAliwasaprofessionalboxerandoneofthemostoutstandingsportsfiguresofthe20thc
2、entury.Hewasbornon17thJanuary1942inLouisville (Kentucky) andbegantrainingasanamateurboxerwhenhewas12yearsold.Attheageof18, hewonagoldmedalinthelightheavyweightdivisionatthe1960SummerOlympicsinRome.Heturnedprofessionallaterthatyear.Attheageof22, hebecametheworldheavyweightchampion.In1965, heconverted
3、toIslam (伊斯兰教) andofficiallychangedhisnametoMuhammadAi.Shortlyafter, hewascalledupformilitaryservicetofightintheVietnamWar.Hewasfirmlyagainsttheidea.“Myenemyisthewhitepeople, nottheVietCong (越共)，”heexplained.“YoumayopposewhenIwantfreedom.YoumayopposewhenIwantjustice.YoumayopposewhenIwantequalityYouw
4、antmetogosomewhereandfight, butyouwontevenstandupformehereathome？”Afterrefusingto_enlist_duringasignupceremonyinApril1967, Muhammadwasarrested.Hewasfoundguiltyofdraftevasion, anddeprivedofhisboxingtitles.Asaresult, hedidntfightfromMarch1967toOctober1970.Helaterbecameasymboloftheantiwarmovementandrac
5、ialinjustice.In1971, hisconvictionwasoverturnedbytheUSSupremeCourt.MuhammadAlidiedon3rdJune2016.1WhenwasAliawardedtheworldheavyweightchampion?AIn1960.BIn1965.CIn1964.DIn1967.2FromwhatAlisaid, wecaninferthat_.AHefeltuncomfortableathomeBHewasafraidoffightinginthewarCHechangedhisnamebecauseofthewarDHed
6、idntgettreatedfairlybecauseofhiscolor3Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“enlist” ?AAccepttheinvitation.BJointhearmy.CTakeupboxing.DAttendthemeeting.4WhydidAlistopboxingfrom1967to1970?AHewasntallowedtobox.BHewastooweaktobox.CHeservedinthearmy.DHewantedtohaveabreak.B2021上海模拟ARCHAEOLOGI
7、STS (考古学家) GUIDEDBYlaserimagesofaremoteregionofnorthernGuatemalahavediscovered20foothighwalls, watchtowers, andotherevidencethatancientMayasocietieshadbeenannoyedbywarfarethreatovermanyyears.Thefindshaveupendedlongestablishedimpressionsofacivilizationthatittamedthejungleandbuiltthrivingcities，thende
8、clinedanddisappearedquietlybeneaththedensetropicalforest.AmongthemostsurprisingdiscoverieswasalargestonecomplexnowcalledLaCuemavilla.Builtonasteepridge, theheavilyfortifiedsiteincludedhighwalls.Moatswhichservesasthelargestdefensivesystemeverdiscoveredintheregion.Thiswassurprisingsaysanarchaeologist,
9、 “becausewehadatendencytoromanticizeMayawarfareassomethingthatwaslargelyritualized.Butthefortificationswereseeingsuggestanelevatedlevelofantagonismovercenturies.Rulersweresodeeplyalarmedthattheyfelttheneedtoinvestinallthesehilltopfortifications.Thereisanalmostvisiblesenseoffearinthislandscape.”Allth
10、esefindingsowecredittoPACUNAMLIDARInitiative, alasersurveyofsome800squaremilesoftheMayaBiosphereReserveinnorthernGuatemala.UsingrevolutionaryLasertechnology, thesurveyrevealedthelonghiddenruinsofasprawlingpreColumbiancivilizationthatwasfarmorecomplexandinterconnectedthanmostMayaspecialistshadsuppose
11、d.GuidedbythenewLasertreasuremaps, theLIDARteamdeployedthroughthejungleoverthepastyeartoconducthandsoninvestigationsofmorethanadozenofthemostpromisingsites, mostofwhichwouldhavebeenimperceptiblewithoutLIDAR.“Youcouldwalkoverthetopofamajorruinandmissit, ”saysanarchaeologistwhospartofthePACUNAproject.
12、ButLIDARpicksupthepatternsandmakesthefeaturespopoutwithsurprisingclarity.ThreedimensionalmapsgeneratedbythesurveyyieldedsurprisesevenatTikal, thelargestandmostextensivelyexploredarchaeologicalsiteinGuatemala.Theancientcitywasatleastfourtimesbiggerthanpreviouslythought, andsurroundedbyamassiveditchan
13、dfortifiedbasestretchingformiles.ArchaeologistsstressthatLIDAR, forallitsutility, willneverseebelowthegroundoryielddirectdatesofoccupation.Westillneedtodigandhackourwaythroughthejungle, butnowwehaveaveryaccuratemaptoguideus.5HowdidpeoplethinkofMayabeforethediscoveryofthedefenseruins?AItwasthemostadv
14、ancedcivilizationinthehistoryofmankind.BItwaslongunderthethreatoflargescalewars.CItsriseanddeclinewereunderwaypeacefully.DItwasfinallydestroyedbyalargescalewar.6Theunderlinedwordantagonismisclosestinmeaningto_.AmiseryBrevolutionCpopulationdecreaseDopposition7WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccord
15、ingtothepassage?AThemilitarymechanismfoundinLaCuemavillawasintendedforoccupyingmorelands.BThenewlasertechnologywasmainlyusedtoenlargetheoriginalsitesize.CTheLIDARhelpstoavoidthetraditionaldiggingtaskinsiteexploration.DTheTikalsitewasfoundtobeprotectedbycertaindefenseworks.8Thepassageismainlyabout_.A
16、peopleslongtimemisunderstandingofMayacivilizationBdiscoveryofMayamilitaryworksaidedbynewexploretechnologyCthefindingofabigwarfareresultinginthedisappearanceofMayacivilizationDThevariousadvantagesofnewtechnologiesinthefieldofarchaeology.完形填空2021青岛模拟Mostofusgothroughsomehardshipsinlife.Butfewthingsmat
17、chthe_1_broughtuponpeoplebythegenocide (种族灭绝) ofJewsduringWorldWarIIanditsstill_2_peoplenowadays.Luckily, todaysstoryhasahappy_3_fortwomenandtheirfamilies.Thetwocousins_4_gottomeetafterbeingseparated75yearsagoduringtheholocaust (大屠杀)MorrisandSimonwerebestfriendsaskids_5_theNazisinvadedtheircountryRo
18、maniain1940.However, theirfamilieslost_6_astheydidntfleethecountrytogether.Bothgrewupbelievingtheotherdied.Untilsometimeagotheirchildren_7_thetwofamiliesonFacebook.MorrisniececameacrossSimonsdaughterwhile_8_forrelativesonlineonlytofindoutthatSimonis_9_intheUK.MorrissettlesinIsrael.Ittooksometimebutt
19、heyorganizeda_10_forthetwolonglostmeninTelAviv, Israel.Someonerecordedavideoofthisemotionalmeetingand_11_itonline, leavingpeopleallovertheworld_12_._13_thefactthatbothmenareintheir80s, theyplantokeepintouchandseeeachotheroften,reconstructingthebeautiful_14_theyhadaschildren.Anditwillsurelynot_15_wit
20、htime.1A.gainsBembarrassmentCsufferingsDhope2A.encouragingBreachingCleadingDaffecting3A.endingBplotCbackgroundDdesign4A.hurriedlyBeventuallyCsuddenlyDunwillingly5A.sinceBbeforeCbutDthough6A.contactBrelationCnewsDapproach7A.foundBrespondedCcalledDreconnected8A.searchingBaskingChopingDwaiting9A.happyB
21、sociableCaliveDsafe10A.partyBdinnerCreunionDtravel11A.mailedBsharedCdonatedDsupplied12A.insilenceBindoubtCinpanicDintears13A.DespiteBBeyondCThoughDIncaseof14A.wishesBunderstandingCfriendshipDideas15A.passBcomeCshowDdecline.语法填空2021临沂模拟ChinasLiangzhuArchaeologicalSite1._ (declare) onthelistofWorldHer
22、itagesitesonSaturdaybyUNESCOsWorldHeritageCommitteeduringits43rdsessioninBaku, thecapitalofAzerbaijan.Thesite, 2._islocatedinYuhangDistrictinHangzhouCityinChinaseasternZhejiangProvince, showcasesthecivilizationofprehistoricriceagriculturebetween3,300BC.3._2,300BC.TheruinsofancientLiangzhucityweredis
23、coveredin2007, andthenlargedamsites4._ (surround) theLiangzhuancientcitywereunearthedcontinuouslyafter2009.Itwas5._ (official) submittedtoUNESCOin2019, hopingtowin6._ (recognize) asaWorldCulturalHeritageSite.Thesite7._ (include) archaeologicalremainsandunearthedculturalrelicsoftheLiangzhuAncientCity
24、aswellasawetlandthatcovers8._areaof908.89hectaresinaplainrivernetwork.ItisalsofoundthattheLiangzhuancestorsstartedtousecharactersabout5,000yearsago, 1,000years9._ (early) thanpreviouslythought, accordingtoColinRenfrew, aretiredprofessorofarchaeologyattheUniversityofCambridge.TheWorldHeritageCommitte
25、eaddedLiangzhutotheUNESCOlist10._ (encourage) betterprotectionofthesite, consideredtobeof“outstandinguniversalvalue”tohumanity.课时天天练(十四)必修第三册Unit3DiverseCultures.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述美国最有名的拳王穆罕默德阿里拒服兵役的故事。1答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段Hewasbornon17thJanuary1942inLouisville (Kentucky)和Attheageof22, hebec
26、ametheworldheavyweightchampion.阿里出生于1942年，22岁时成为世界重量级冠军。可知，阿里成为世界重量级冠军是在1964年。故选C。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Myenemyisthewhitepeople, nottheVietCong(越共) ，”heexplained.可知，阿里认为，他的敌人是白人，而不是越共。从而可以推断出，因为他的肤色，他没有得到公平的对待。故选D。3答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据上文中Shortlyafter, hewascalledupformilitaryservicetofightintheVietnamWar
27、.Hewasfirmlyagainsttheidea.他被征召入伍参加越南战争。他坚决反对这个想法，和下文中Hewasfoundguiltyofdraftevasion, anddeprivedofhisboxingtitles.他被判逃避兵役，可以猜测出，这里为“穆罕默德拒绝入伍，随后被逮捕。”之意。故选B。4答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Hewasfoundguiltyofdraftevasion, anddeprivedofhisboxingtitles.Asaresult, hedidntfightfromMarch1967toOctober1970.他被判逃避兵役，并被剥
28、夺了拳击冠军，可知从1967年3月到1970年10月，不允许他打拳击。故选A。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现了玛雅军工厂。5答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章第一段Thefindshaveupendedlongestablishedimpressions.beneaththedensetropicalforest.可知，发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象。文明曾驯服丛林，建设繁荣的城市，然后衰落，静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下。从而可以推断出，在发现防御遗址之前，人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的。故选C。6答案与解析：D词义猜测题。根据文章第三
29、段Thiswassurprisingsaysanarchaeologist, “becausewehadatendencytoromanticizeMayawarfareassomethingthatwaslargelyritualized.考古学家一直倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antagonism在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D。7答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Threedimensionalmapsgeneratedbythesurveyyielded.f
30、ortifiedbasestretchingformiles.可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，受其保护。故选D。8答案与解析：B主旨大意题。根据文章第一段ARCHAEOLOGISTS (考古学家) GUIDEDBYlaserimagesofaremoteregionofnorthernGuatemala.beneaththedensetropicalforest.及其全文可知，本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。故选B。.完形填空【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个老人在75年后再续从前的友谊。因为纳粹的入侵Morris和Simon这两个儿时的好朋友
31、，被迫离开家园，从此分离，再也没有联系，而且都以为对方已经过世。一次偶然的机会，他们的下一代得知他们都还活着，所以在以色列让他们重聚。两位老人虽然已经80来岁，但决定以后都要保持联系，并且经常见面。1答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的Mostofusgothroughsomehardshipsinlife.可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C。2答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难，影响了他们几代人，encouraging鼓励；reaching达到；leading通向；affecting影响。故选D。3答案
32、与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的Thetwocousins_4_gottomeetafterbeingseparated75yearsagoduringtheholocaust (大屠杀)可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局，ending结局；plot情节；background背景；design设计。故选A。4答案与解析：B考查副词词义辨析。根据下文的afterbeingseparated75yearsagoduringtheholocaust (大屠杀)可知此处用“最终”符合语境，hurriedly匆忙地；eventually最终；suddenly突然；unwillingly不
33、乐意地。故选B。5答案与解析：B考查连词词义辨析。根据下文theydidntfleethecountrytogether.可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情，故选B。6答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的theydidntfleethecountrytogether可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境，contact联系；relation关系；news新闻；approach方法，途径。故选A。7答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的theyplantokeepintouchandseeeachotheroften可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联
34、系上了，found发现；responded回答；called打电话；reconnected重新联系。故选D。8答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的Facebook和下文的online可知此处用“搜索”符合语境，故选A。9答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的Bothgrewupbelievingtheotherdied.可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词对比，故选C。10答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的thetwolonglostmen可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，reunion重聚。故选C。11答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的itonlin
35、e可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，mailed邮寄；shared分享；donated捐赠；supplied提供。故选B。12答案与解析：D考查介词短语辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了激动的泪水。insilence安静地；indoubt怀疑地；inpanic恐慌地；intears流着泪。故选D。13答案与解析：A考查介词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。14答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的MorrisandSimonwerebestfriends
36、askids可知此处用“友谊”符合语境，wishes愿望；understanding理解；friendship友谊；ideas主意。故选C。15答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而消退，decline消退。故选D。.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上，于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。1答案与解析：wasdeclared考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据时间状语onSaturday可知为一
37、般过去时，主语为LiangzhuArchaeologicalSite，谓语动词用单数形式。故填wasdeclared。2答案与解析：which考查定语从句关系词。本句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词site，且先行词在从句中做主语，表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。故填which。3答案与解析：and考查连词。根据固定短语between.and.“在之间”。故填and。4答案与解析：surrounding考查非谓语动词。句意：2007年发现良渚古城遗址，2009年以后，围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语damsites构成主动关系
38、，故用现在分词。故填surrounding。5答案与解析：officially考查副词。句意：它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织，希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词，故填officially。6答案与解析：recognition考查名词。此处做win的宾语，且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填recognition。7答案与解析：includes考查动词时态。本空为句子的谓语动词，且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为site，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。8答案与解析：an考查冠词。area为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且area为元音音素开头的单词。coveranareaof指占地面积，故填an。9答案与解析：earlier考查形容词比较级。根据后文thanpreviouslythought可知应用形容词比较级，故填earlier。10答案与解析：toencourage考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added，分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词，且做目的状语故用不定式。故填toencourage。